1.17.4 (#446 )

* add terminal (ssh) apis * add core terminal exec method * terminal typescript client method * terminals WIP * backend for pty * add ts responses * about wire everything * add new blog * credit Skyfay * working * regen lock * 1.17.4-dev-1 * pty history * replace the test terminal impl with websocket (pty) * create api and improve frontend * fix fe * terminals * disable terminal api on periphery * implement write level terminal perms * remove unneeded * fix clippy * delete unneeded * fix waste cpu cycles * set TERM and COLORTERM for shell environment * fix xterm scrolling behavior * starship promp in periphery container terminal * kill all terminals on periphery shutdown signal * improve starship config and enable ssl in compose * use same scrollTop setter * fix periphery container distribution link * support custom command / args to init terminal * allow fully configurable init command * docker exec into container * add permissioning for container exec * add starship to core container * add delete all terminals * dev-2 * finished gen client * core need curl * hide Terminal trigger if disabled * 1.17.4
1.17.3 fix Build pre_build functionality.
2026-03-12 10:33:16 -05:00 · 2025-04-27 15:53:23 -07:00 · 2025-04-24 22:03:46 -04:00 · 2025-04-18 23:14:10 -07:00 · 2025-04-15 12:11:48 -07:00 · 2025-04-14 14:48:12 -07:00
567 changed files with 69396 additions and 23731 deletions
--- a/.devcontainer/dev.compose.yaml
+++ b/.devcontainer/dev.compose.yaml
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+services:
+  dev:
+    image: mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/rust:1-1-bullseye
+    volumes:
+      # Mount the root folder that contains .git
+      - ../:/workspace:cached
+      - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock
+      - /proc:/proc
+      - repos:/etc/komodo/repos
+      - stacks:/etc/komodo/stacks
+    command: sleep infinity
+    ports:
+      - "9121:9121"
+    environment:
+      KOMODO_FIRST_SERVER: http://localhost:8120
+      KOMODO_DATABASE_ADDRESS: db
+      KOMODO_ENABLE_NEW_USERS: true
+      KOMODO_LOCAL_AUTH: true
+      KOMODO_JWT_SECRET: a_random_secret
+    links:
+      - db
+    # ...
+
+  db:
+    extends:
+      file: ../dev.compose.yaml
+      service: ferretdb
+
+volumes:
+  data:
+  repo-cache:
+  repos:
+  stacks:
--- a/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
+++ b/.devcontainer/devcontainer.json
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// For format details, see https://aka.ms/devcontainer.json. For config options, see the
+// README at: https://github.com/devcontainers/templates/tree/main/src/rust
+{
+	"name": "Komodo",
+	// Or use a Dockerfile or Docker Compose file. More info: https://containers.dev/guide/dockerfile
+	//"image": "mcr.microsoft.com/devcontainers/rust:1-1-bullseye",
+	"dockerComposeFile": ["dev.compose.yaml"],
+	"workspaceFolder": "/workspace",
+  	"service": "dev",
+	// Features to add to the dev container. More info: https://containers.dev/features.
+	"features": {
+		"ghcr.io/devcontainers/features/node:1": {
+			"version": "20.12.2"
+		},
+		"ghcr.io/devcontainers-community/features/deno:1": {
+
+		}
+	},
+
+	// Use 'mounts' to make the cargo cache persistent in a Docker Volume.
+	"mounts": [
+		{
+			"source": "devcontainer-cargo-cache-${devcontainerId}",
+			"target": "/usr/local/cargo",
+			"type": "volume"
+		}
+	],
+
+	// Use 'forwardPorts' to make a list of ports inside the container available locally.
+	"forwardPorts": [
+		9121
+	],
+
+	// Use 'postCreateCommand' to run commands after the container is created.
+	"postCreateCommand": "./.devcontainer/postCreate.sh",
+
+	"runServices": [
+		"db"
+	]
+
+	// Configure tool-specific properties.
+	// "customizations": {},
+
+	// Uncomment to connect as root instead. More info: https://aka.ms/dev-containers-non-root.
+	// "remoteUser": "root"
+}
--- a/.devcontainer/postCreate.sh
+++ b/.devcontainer/postCreate.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+cargo install typeshare-cli
--- a/.dockerignore
+++ b/.dockerignore
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-/target
-readme.md
-typeshare.toml
-LICENSE
-*.code-workspace
-
-*/node_modules
-*/dist
-
-creds.toml
-.core-repos
-.repos
-.stacks
-.ssl
--- a/.github/FUNDING.yml
+++ b/.github/FUNDING.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# https://docs.github.com/en/repositories/managing-your-repositorys-settings-and-features/customizing-your-repository/displaying-a-sponsor-button-in-your-repository
+open_collective: komodo
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 target
-/frontend/build
-/lib/ts_client/build
 node_modules
 dist
 .env
 .env.development
 .DS_Store
+.idea
+
+/frontend/build
+/lib/ts_client/build

 creds.toml
-.komodo
+.dev
--- a/.vscode/extensions.json
+++ b/.vscode/extensions.json
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+{
+    "recommendations": [
+        "rust-lang.rust-analyzer",
+        "tamasfe.even-better-toml",
+        "vadimcn.vscode-lldb",
+        "denoland.vscode-deno"
+    ]
+}
--- a/.vscode/tasks.json
+++ b/.vscode/tasks.json
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+{
+    "version": "2.0.0",
+    "tasks": [
+        {
+            "label": "Run Core",
+            "command": "cargo",
+            "args": [
+                "run",
+                "-p",
+                "komodo_core",
+                "--release"
+            ],
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+                "env": {
+                    "KOMODO_CONFIG_PATH": "test.core.config.toml"
+                }
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$rustc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Build Core",
+            "command": "cargo",
+            "args": [
+                "build",
+                "-p",
+                "komodo_core",
+                "--release"
+            ],
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+                "env": {
+                    "KOMODO_CONFIG_PATH": "test.core.config.toml"
+                }
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$rustc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Run Periphery",
+            "command": "cargo",
+            "args": [
+                "run",
+                "-p",
+                "komodo_periphery",
+                "--release"
+            ],
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+                "env": {
+                    "KOMODO_CONFIG_PATH": "test.periphery.config.toml"
+                }
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$rustc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Build Periphery",
+            "command": "cargo",
+            "args": [
+                "build",
+                "-p",
+                "komodo_periphery",
+                "--release"
+            ],
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+                "env": {
+                    "KOMODO_CONFIG_PATH": "test.periphery.config.toml"
+                }
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$rustc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Run Backend",
+            "dependsOn": [
+                "Run Core",
+                "Run Periphery"
+            ],
+            "problemMatcher": [
+                "$rustc"
+            ]
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Build TS Client Types",
+            "type": "process",
+            "command": "node",
+            "args": [
+                "./client/core/ts/generate_types.mjs"
+            ],
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Init TS Client",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "yarn && yarn build && yarn link",
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/client/core/ts",
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Init Frontend Client",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "yarn link komodo_client && yarn install",
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/frontend",
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Init Frontend",
+            "dependsOn": [
+                "Build TS Client Types",
+                "Init TS Client",
+                "Init Frontend Client"
+            ],
+            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Build Frontend",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "yarn build",
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/frontend",
+            },
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Prepare Frontend For Run",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "cp -r ./client/core/ts/dist/. frontend/public/client/.",
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
+            },
+            "dependsOn": [
+                "Build TS Client Types",
+                "Build Frontend"
+            ],
+            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Run Frontend",
+            "type": "shell",
+            "command": "yarn dev",
+            "options": {
+                "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}/frontend",
+            },
+            "dependsOn": ["Prepare Frontend For Run"],
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Init",
+            "dependsOn": [
+                "Build Backend",
+                "Init Frontend"
+            ],
+            "dependsOrder": "sequence",
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+        {
+            "label": "Run Komodo",
+            "dependsOn": [
+                "Run Core",
+                "Run Periphery",
+                "Run Frontend"
+            ],
+            "problemMatcher": []
+        },
+    ]
+  }
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -1,33 +1,36 @@
 [workspace]
 resolver = "2"
-members = ["bin/*", "lib/*", "client/core/rs", "client/periphery/rs"]
+members = [
+	"bin/*",
+	"lib/*",
+	"client/core/rs",
+	"client/periphery/rs",
+]

 [workspace.package]
-version = "1.15.7"
-edition = "2021"
+version = "1.17.4"
+edition = "2024"
 authors = ["mbecker20 <becker.maxh@gmail.com>"]
 license = "GPL-3.0-or-later"
-repository = "https://github.com/mbecker20/komodo"
+repository = "https://github.com/moghtech/komodo"
 homepage = "https://komo.do"

-[patch.crates-io]
-# komodo_client = { path = "client/core/rs" }
-
 [workspace.dependencies]
 # LOCAL
-# komodo_client = "1.15.6"
 komodo_client = { path = "client/core/rs" }
 periphery_client = { path = "client/periphery/rs" }
 environment_file = { path = "lib/environment_file" }
 formatting = { path = "lib/formatting" }
+response = { path = "lib/response" }
 command = { path = "lib/command" }
 logger = { path = "lib/logger" }
+cache = { path = "lib/cache" }
 git = { path = "lib/git" }

 # MOGH
 run_command = { version = "0.0.6", features = ["async_tokio"] }
-serror = { version = "0.4.6", default-features = false }
-slack = { version = "0.2.0", package = "slack_client_rs" }
+serror = { version = "0.5.0", default-features = false }
+slack = { version = "0.4.0", package = "slack_client_rs", default-features = false, features = ["rustls"] }
 derive_default_builder = "0.1.8"
 derive_empty_traits = "0.1.0"
 merge_config_files = "0.1.5"
@@ -35,77 +38,90 @@ async_timing_util = "1.0.0"
 partial_derive2 = "0.4.3"
 derive_variants = "1.0.0"
 mongo_indexed = "2.0.1"
-resolver_api = "1.1.1"
+resolver_api = "3.0.0"
 toml_pretty = "1.1.2"
-mungos = "1.1.0"
+mungos = "3.2.0"
 svi = "1.0.1"

 # ASYNC
-reqwest = { version = "0.12.8", features = ["json"] }
-tokio = { version = "1.38.1", features = ["full"] }
-tokio-util = "0.7.12"
+reqwest = { version = "0.12.15", default-features = false, features = ["json", "stream", "rustls-tls-native-roots"] }
+tokio = { version = "1.44.1", features = ["full"] }
+tokio-util = { version = "0.7.14", features = ["io", "codec"] }
 futures = "0.3.31"
 futures-util = "0.3.31"
+arc-swap = "1.7.1"

 # SERVER
-axum-extra = { version = "0.9.4", features = ["typed-header"] }
-tower-http = { version = "0.6.1", features = ["fs", "cors"] }
-axum-server = { version = "0.7.1", features = ["tls-openssl"] }
-axum = { version = "0.7.7", features = ["ws", "json"] }
-tokio-tungstenite = "0.24.0"
+tokio-tungstenite = { version = "0.26.2", features = ["rustls-tls-native-roots"] }
+axum-extra = { version = "0.10.0", features = ["typed-header"] }
+tower-http = { version = "0.6.2", features = ["fs", "cors"] }
+axum-server = { version = "0.7.2", features = ["tls-rustls"] }
+axum = { version = "0.8.1", features = ["ws", "json", "macros"] }

 # SER/DE
 ordered_hash_map = { version = "0.4.0", features = ["serde"] }
-serde = { version = "1.0.210", features = ["derive"] }
-strum = { version = "0.26.3", features = ["derive"] }
-serde_json = "1.0.128"
+serde = { version = "1.0.219", features = ["derive"] }
+strum = { version = "0.27.1", features = ["derive"] }
+serde_json = "1.0.140"
 serde_yaml = "0.9.34"
-toml = "0.8.19"
+serde_qs = "0.14.0"
+toml = "0.8.20"

 # ERROR
-anyhow = "1.0.89"
-thiserror = "1.0.64"
+anyhow = "1.0.98"
+thiserror = "2.0.12"

 # LOGGING
-opentelemetry_sdk = { version = "0.25.0", features = ["rt-tokio"] }
-tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.18", features = ["json"] }
-opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.25.0"
-tracing-opentelemetry = "0.26.0"
-opentelemetry-otlp = "0.25.0"
-opentelemetry = "0.25.0"
-tracing = "0.1.40"
+opentelemetry-otlp = { version = "0.29.0", features = ["tls-roots", "reqwest-rustls"] }
+opentelemetry_sdk = { version = "0.29.0", features = ["rt-tokio"] }
+tracing-subscriber = { version = "0.3.19", features = ["json"] }
+opentelemetry-semantic-conventions = "0.29.0"
+tracing-opentelemetry = "0.30.0"
+opentelemetry = "0.29.0"
+tracing = "0.1.41"

 # CONFIG
-clap = { version = "4.5.20", features = ["derive"] }
+clap = { version = "4.5.37", features = ["derive"] }
 dotenvy = "0.15.7"
 envy = "0.4.2"

 # CRYPTO / AUTH
-uuid = { version = "1.10.0", features = ["v4", "fast-rng", "serde"] }
-openidconnect = "3.5.0"
+uuid = { version = "1.16.0", features = ["v4", "fast-rng", "serde"] }
+jsonwebtoken = { version = "9.3.1", default-features = false }
+openidconnect = "4.0.0"
 urlencoding = "2.1.3"
 nom_pem = "4.0.0"
-bcrypt = "0.15.1"
+bcrypt = "0.17.0"
 base64 = "0.22.1"
+rustls = "0.23.26"
 hmac = "0.12.1"
 sha2 = "0.10.8"
-rand = "0.8.5"
-jwt = "0.16.0"
+rand = "0.9.1"
 hex = "0.4.3"

 # SYSTEM
-bollard = "0.17.1"
-sysinfo = "0.32.0"
+portable-pty = "0.9.0"
+bollard = "0.18.1"
+sysinfo = "0.34.2"

 # CLOUD
-aws-config = "1.5.8"
-aws-sdk-ec2 = "1.77.0"
+aws-config = "1.6.1"
+aws-sdk-ec2 = "1.121.1"
+aws-credential-types = "1.2.2"
+
+## CRON
+english-to-cron = "0.1.4"
+chrono-tz = "0.10.3"
+chrono = "0.4.40"
+croner = "2.1.0"

 # MISC
 derive_builder = "0.20.2"
-typeshare = "1.0.3"
-octorust = "0.7.0"
+typeshare = "1.0.4"
+octorust = "0.10.0"
 dashmap = "6.1.0"
-colored = "2.1.0"
-regex = "1.11.0"
-bson = "2.13.0"
+wildcard = "0.3.0"
+colored = "3.0.0"
+regex = "1.11.1"
+bytes = "1.10.1"
+bson = "2.14.0"
--- a/bin/binaries.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/binaries.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+## Builds the Komodo Core and Periphery binaries
+## for a specific architecture.
+
+FROM rust:1.86.0-bullseye AS builder
+
+WORKDIR /builder
+COPY Cargo.toml Cargo.lock ./
+COPY ./lib ./lib
+COPY ./client/core/rs ./client/core/rs
+COPY ./client/periphery ./client/periphery
+COPY ./bin/core ./bin/core
+COPY ./bin/periphery ./bin/periphery
+
+# Compile bin
+RUN \
+  cargo build -p komodo_core --release && \
+  cargo build -p komodo_periphery --release
+
+# Copy just the binaries to scratch image
+FROM scratch
+
+COPY --from=builder /builder/target/release/core /core
+COPY --from=builder /builder/target/release/periphery /periphery
+
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/moghtech/komodo
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Binaries"
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
--- a/bin/cli/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bin/cli/Cargo.toml
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ path = "src/main.rs"

 [dependencies]
 # local
+# komodo_client = "1.16.12"
 komodo_client.workspace = true
 # external
 tracing-subscriber.workspace = true
--- a/bin/cli/src/exec.rs
+++ b/bin/cli/src/exec.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,21 @@
 use std::time::Duration;

 use colored::Colorize;
-use komodo_client::api::execute::Execution;
+use komodo_client::{
+  api::execute::{BatchExecutionResponse, Execution},
+  entities::update::Update,
+};

 use crate::{
  helpers::wait_for_enter,
  state::{cli_args, komodo_client},
 };

+pub enum ExecutionResult {
+  Single(Update),
+  Batch(BatchExecutionResponse),
+}
+
 pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  if matches!(execution, Execution::None(_)) {
    println!("Got 'none' execution. Doing nothing...");
@@ -21,18 +29,36 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    Execution::None(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::RunAction(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
+    Execution::BatchRunAction(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::RunProcedure(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchRunProcedure(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::RunBuild(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchRunBuild(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::CancelBuild(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
    Execution::Deploy(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchDeploy(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
+    Execution::PullDeployment(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::StartDeployment(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
@@ -51,15 +77,27 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    Execution::DestroyDeployment(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchDestroyDeployment(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::CloneRepo(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchCloneRepo(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::PullRepo(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchPullRepo(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::BuildRepo(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchBuildRepo(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::CancelRepoBuild(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
@@ -129,12 +167,24 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    Execution::RunSync(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::CommitSync(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::DeployStack(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchDeployStack(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::DeployStackIfChanged(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchDeployStackIfChanged(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
+    Execution::PullStack(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::StartStack(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
@@ -153,6 +203,12 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    Execution::DestroyStack(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
+    Execution::BatchDestroyStack(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
+    Execution::TestAlerter(data) => {
+      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
+    }
    Execution::Sleep(data) => {
      println!("{}: {data:?}", "Data".dimmed())
    }
@@ -165,138 +221,246 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  info!("Running Execution...");

  let res = match execution {
-    Execution::RunProcedure(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RunBuild(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::CancelBuild(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::Deploy(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StartDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RestartDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PauseDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::UnpauseDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StopDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DestroyDeployment(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::CloneRepo(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PullRepo(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::BuildRepo(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::CancelRepoBuild(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StartContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RestartContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PauseContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::UnpauseContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StopContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DestroyContainer(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StartAllContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RestartAllContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PauseAllContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::UnpauseAllContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StopAllContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneContainers(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DeleteNetwork(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneNetworks(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DeleteImage(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneImages(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DeleteVolume(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneVolumes(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneDockerBuilders(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneBuildx(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PruneSystem(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RunSync(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DeployStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DeployStackIfChanged(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StartStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::RestartStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::PauseStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::UnpauseStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::StopStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
-    Execution::DestroyStack(request) => {
-      komodo_client().execute(request).await
-    }
+    Execution::RunAction(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchRunAction(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::RunProcedure(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchRunProcedure(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::RunBuild(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchRunBuild(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::CancelBuild(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::Deploy(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchDeploy(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::PullDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StartDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::RestartDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PauseDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::UnpauseDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StopDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DestroyDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchDestroyDeployment(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::CloneRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchCloneRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::PullRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchPullRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::BuildRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchBuildRepo(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::CancelRepoBuild(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StartContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::RestartContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PauseContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::UnpauseContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StopContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DestroyContainer(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StartAllContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::RestartAllContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PauseAllContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::UnpauseAllContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StopAllContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneContainers(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DeleteNetwork(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneNetworks(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DeleteImage(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneImages(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DeleteVolume(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneVolumes(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneDockerBuilders(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneBuildx(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PruneSystem(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::RunSync(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::CommitSync(request) => komodo_client()
+      .write(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DeployStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchDeployStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::DeployStackIfChanged(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchDeployStackIfChanged(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::PullStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StartStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::RestartStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::PauseStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::UnpauseStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::StopStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::DestroyStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
+    Execution::BatchDestroyStack(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Batch),
+    Execution::TestAlerter(request) => komodo_client()
+      .execute(request)
+      .await
+      .map(ExecutionResult::Single),
    Execution::Sleep(request) => {
      let duration =
        Duration::from_millis(request.duration_ms as u64);
@@ -308,7 +472,12 @@ pub async fn run(execution: Execution) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  };

  match res {
-    Ok(update) => println!("\n{}: {update:#?}", "SUCCESS".green()),
+    Ok(ExecutionResult::Single(update)) => {
+      println!("\n{}: {update:#?}", "SUCCESS".green())
+    }
+    Ok(ExecutionResult::Batch(update)) => {
+      println!("\n{}: {update:#?}", "SUCCESS".green())
+    }
    Err(e) => println!("{}\n\n{e:#?}", "ERROR".red()),
  }

--- a/bin/cli/src/state.rs
+++ b/bin/cli/src/state.rs
@@ -40,7 +40,9 @@ pub fn komodo_client() -> &'static KomodoClient {
          creds
        }
      };
-    futures::executor::block_on(KomodoClient::new(url, key, secret))
-      .expect("failed to initialize Komodo client")
+    futures::executor::block_on(
+      KomodoClient::new(url, key, secret).with_healthcheck(),
+    )
+    .expect("failed to initialize Komodo client")
  })
 }
--- a/bin/core/Cargo.toml
+++ b/bin/core/Cargo.toml
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ komodo_client = { workspace = true, features = ["mongo"] }
 periphery_client.workspace = true
 environment_file.workspace = true
 formatting.workspace = true
+response.workspace = true
+command.workspace = true
 logger.workspace = true
+cache.workspace = true
 git.workspace = true
 # mogh
 serror = { workspace = true, features = ["axum"] }
@@ -34,9 +37,13 @@ mungos.workspace = true
 slack.workspace = true
 svi.workspace = true
 # external
-axum-server.workspace = true
+aws-credential-types.workspace = true
+tokio-tungstenite.workspace = true
 ordered_hash_map.workspace = true
+english-to-cron.workspace = true
 openidconnect.workspace = true
+jsonwebtoken.workspace = true
+axum-server.workspace = true
 urlencoding.workspace = true
 aws-sdk-ec2.workspace = true
 aws-config.workspace = true
@@ -46,16 +53,22 @@ tower-http.workspace = true
 serde_json.workspace = true
 serde_yaml.workspace = true
 typeshare.workspace = true
+chrono-tz.workspace = true
 octorust.workspace = true
+wildcard.workspace = true
+arc-swap.workspace = true
 dashmap.workspace = true
 tracing.workspace = true
 reqwest.workspace = true
 futures.workspace = true
 nom_pem.workspace = true
-anyhow.workspace = true
 dotenvy.workspace = true
+anyhow.workspace = true
+croner.workspace = true
+chrono.workspace = true
 bcrypt.workspace = true
 base64.workspace = true
+rustls.workspace = true
 tokio.workspace = true
 serde.workspace = true
 regex.workspace = true
@@ -66,5 +79,4 @@ envy.workspace = true
 rand.workspace = true
 hmac.workspace = true
 sha2.workspace = true
-jwt.workspace = true
 hex.workspace = true
--- a/bin/core/aio.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/core/aio.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+## All in one, multi stage compile + runtime Docker build for your architecture.
+
+# Build Core
+FROM rust:1.86.0-bullseye AS core-builder
+
+WORKDIR /builder
+COPY Cargo.toml Cargo.lock ./
+COPY ./lib ./lib
+COPY ./client/core/rs ./client/core/rs
+COPY ./client/periphery ./client/periphery
+COPY ./bin/core ./bin/core
+
+# Compile app
+RUN cargo build -p komodo_core --release
+
+# Build Frontend
+FROM node:20.12-alpine AS frontend-builder
+WORKDIR /builder
+COPY ./frontend ./frontend
+COPY ./client/core/ts ./client
+RUN cd client && yarn && yarn build && yarn link
+RUN cd frontend && yarn link komodo_client && yarn && yarn build
+
+# Final Image
+FROM debian:bullseye-slim
+
+COPY ./bin/core/starship.toml /config/starship.toml
+COPY ./bin/core/debian-deps.sh .
+RUN sh ./debian-deps.sh && rm ./debian-deps.sh
+
+# Setup an application directory
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Copy
+COPY ./config/core.config.toml /config/config.toml
+COPY --from=frontend-builder /builder/frontend/dist /app/frontend
+COPY --from=core-builder /builder/target/release/core /usr/local/bin/core
+COPY --from=denoland/deno:bin /deno /usr/local/bin/deno
+
+# Set $DENO_DIR and preload external Deno deps
+ENV DENO_DIR=/action-cache/deno
+RUN mkdir /action-cache && \
+  cd /action-cache && \
+  deno install jsr:@std/yaml jsr:@std/toml
+
+# Hint at the port
+EXPOSE 9120
+
+# Label for Ghcr
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/moghtech/komodo
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Core"
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
+
+ENTRYPOINT [ "core" ]
--- a/bin/core/alpine.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/core/alpine.Dockerfile
@@ -1,45 +0,0 @@
-## This one produces smaller images,
-## but alpine uses `musl` instead of `glibc`.
-## This makes it take longer / more resources to build,
-## and may negatively affect runtime performance.
-
-# Build Core
-FROM rust:1.81.0-alpine AS core-builder
-WORKDIR /builder
-RUN apk update && apk --no-cache add musl-dev openssl-dev openssl-libs-static
-COPY . .
-RUN cargo build -p komodo_core --release
-
-# Build Frontend
-FROM node:20.12-alpine AS frontend-builder
-WORKDIR /builder
-COPY ./frontend ./frontend
-COPY ./client/core/ts ./client
-RUN cd client && yarn && yarn build && yarn link
-RUN cd frontend && yarn link @komodo/client && yarn && yarn build
-
-# Final Image
-FROM alpine:3.20
-
-# Install Deps
-RUN apk update && apk add --no-cache --virtual .build-deps \
-	openssl ca-certificates git git-lfs
-
-# Setup an application directory
-WORKDIR /app
-
-# Copy
-COPY ./config/core.config.toml /config/config.toml
-COPY --from=core-builder /builder/target/release/core /app
-COPY --from=frontend-builder /builder/frontend/dist /app/frontend
-
-# Hint at the port
-EXPOSE 9120 
-
-# Label for Ghcr
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/mbecker20/komodo
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Core"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
-
-# Using ENTRYPOINT allows cli args to be passed, eg using "command" in docker compose.
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/app/core" ]
--- a/bin/core/debian-deps.sh
+++ b/bin/core/debian-deps.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+## Core deps installer
+
+apt-get update
+apt-get install -y git curl ca-certificates
+
+rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
+
+# Starship prompt
+curl -sS https://starship.rs/install.sh | sh -s -- --yes --bin-dir /usr/local/bin
+echo 'export STARSHIP_CONFIG=/config/starship.toml' >> /root/.bashrc
+echo 'eval "$(starship init bash)"' >> /root/.bashrc
+
--- a/bin/core/debian.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/core/debian.Dockerfile
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-# Build Core
-FROM rust:1.81.0-bullseye AS core-builder
-WORKDIR /builder
-COPY . .
-RUN cargo build -p komodo_core --release
-
-# Build Frontend
-FROM node:20.12-alpine AS frontend-builder
-WORKDIR /builder
-COPY ./frontend ./frontend
-COPY ./client/core/ts ./client
-RUN cd client && yarn && yarn build && yarn link
-RUN cd frontend && yarn link @komodo/client && yarn && yarn build
-
-# Final Image
-FROM debian:bullseye-slim
-
-# Install Deps
-RUN apt update && \
-	apt install -y git ca-certificates && \
-	rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
-
-# Setup an application directory
-WORKDIR /app
-	
-# Copy
-COPY ./config/core.config.toml /config/config.toml
-COPY --from=core-builder /builder/target/release/core /app
-COPY --from=frontend-builder /builder/frontend/dist /app/frontend
-
-# Hint at the port
-EXPOSE 9120
-
-# Label for Ghcr
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/mbecker20/komodo
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Core"
-LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
-
-ENTRYPOINT [ "/app/core" ]
--- a/bin/core/multi-arch.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/core/multi-arch.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+## Assumes the latest binaries for x86_64 and aarch64 are already built (by binaries.Dockerfile).
+## Sets up the necessary runtime container dependencies for Komodo Core.
+## Since theres no heavy build here, QEMU multi-arch builds are fine for this image.
+
+ARG BINARIES_IMAGE=ghcr.io/moghtech/komodo-binaries:latest
+ARG FRONTEND_IMAGE=ghcr.io/moghtech/komodo-frontend:latest
+ARG X86_64_BINARIES=${BINARIES_IMAGE}-x86_64
+ARG AARCH64_BINARIES=${BINARIES_IMAGE}-aarch64
+
+# This is required to work with COPY --from
+FROM ${X86_64_BINARIES} AS x86_64
+FROM ${AARCH64_BINARIES} AS aarch64
+FROM ${FRONTEND_IMAGE} AS frontend
+
+# Final Image
+FROM debian:bullseye-slim
+
+COPY ./bin/core/starship.toml /config/starship.toml
+COPY ./bin/core/debian-deps.sh .
+RUN sh ./debian-deps.sh && rm ./debian-deps.sh
+
+WORKDIR /app
+
+# Copy both binaries initially, but only keep appropriate one for the TARGETPLATFORM.
+COPY --from=x86_64 /core /app/arch/linux/amd64
+COPY --from=aarch64 /core /app/arch/linux/arm64
+ARG TARGETPLATFORM
+RUN mv /app/arch/${TARGETPLATFORM} /usr/local/bin/core && rm -r /app/arch
+
+# Copy default config / static frontend / deno binary
+COPY ./config/core.config.toml /config/config.toml
+COPY --from=frontend /frontend /app/frontend
+COPY --from=denoland/deno:bin /deno /usr/local/bin/deno
+
+# Set $DENO_DIR and preload external Deno deps
+ENV DENO_DIR=/action-cache/deno
+RUN mkdir /action-cache && \
+  cd /action-cache && \
+  deno install jsr:@std/yaml jsr:@std/toml
+
+# Hint at the port
+EXPOSE 9120
+
+# Label for Ghcr
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/moghtech/komodo
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Core"
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
+
+CMD [ "core" ]
--- a/bin/core/single-arch.Dockerfile
+++ b/bin/core/single-arch.Dockerfile
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+## Assumes the latest binaries for the required arch are already built (by binaries.Dockerfile).
+## Sets up the necessary runtime container dependencies for Komodo Core.
+
+ARG BINARIES_IMAGE=ghcr.io/moghtech/komodo-binaries:latest
+
+# This is required to work with COPY --from
+FROM ${BINARIES_IMAGE} AS binaries
+
+# Build Frontend
+FROM node:20.12-alpine AS frontend-builder
+WORKDIR /builder
+COPY ./frontend ./frontend
+COPY ./client/core/ts ./client
+RUN cd client && yarn && yarn build && yarn link
+RUN cd frontend && yarn link komodo_client && yarn && yarn build
+
+FROM debian:bullseye-slim
+
+COPY ./bin/core/starship.toml /config/starship.toml
+COPY ./bin/core/debian-deps.sh .
+RUN sh ./debian-deps.sh && rm ./debian-deps.sh
+	
+# Copy
+COPY ./config/core.config.toml /config/config.toml
+COPY --from=frontend-builder /builder/frontend/dist /app/frontend
+COPY --from=binaries /core /usr/local/bin/core
+COPY --from=denoland/deno:bin /deno /usr/local/bin/deno
+
+# Set $DENO_DIR and preload external Deno deps
+ENV DENO_DIR=/action-cache/deno
+RUN mkdir /action-cache && \
+	cd /action-cache && \
+	deno install jsr:@std/yaml jsr:@std/toml
+
+# Hint at the port
+EXPOSE 9120
+
+# Label for Ghcr
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.source=https://github.com/moghtech/komodo
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.description="Komodo Core"
+LABEL org.opencontainers.image.licenses=GPL-3.0
+
+CMD [ "core" ]
--- a/bin/core/src/alert/discord.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/alert/discord.rs
@@ -11,6 +11,12 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let level = fmt_level(alert.level);
  let content = match &alert.data {
+    AlertData::Test { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Alerter, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | If you see this message, then Alerter **{name}** is **working**\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
    AlertData::ServerUnreachable {
      id,
      name,
@@ -22,7 +28,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      match alert.level {
        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
          format!(
-            "{level} | *{name}*{region} is now *reachable*\n{link}"
+            "{level} | **{name}**{region} is now **reachable**\n{link}"
          )
        }
        SeverityLevel::Critical => {
@@ -31,7 +37,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
            .map(|e| format!("\n**error**: {e:#?}"))
            .unwrap_or_default();
          format!(
-            "{level} | *{name}*{region} is *unreachable* ❌\n{link}{err}"
+            "{level} | **{name}**{region} is **unreachable** ❌\n{link}{err}"
          )
        }
        _ => unreachable!(),
@@ -46,7 +52,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let region = fmt_region(region);
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
      format!(
-        "{level} | *{name}*{region} cpu usage at *{percentage:.1}%*\n{link}"
+        "{level} | **{name}**{region} cpu usage at **{percentage:.1}%**\n{link}"
      )
    }
    AlertData::ServerMem {
@@ -60,7 +66,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
      format!(
-        "{level} | *{name}*{region} memory usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💾\n\nUsing *{used_gb:.1} GiB* / *{total_gb:.1} GiB*\n{link}"
+        "{level} | **{name}**{region} memory usage at **{percentage:.1}%** 💾\n\nUsing **{used_gb:.1} GiB** / **{total_gb:.1} GiB**\n{link}"
      )
    }
    AlertData::ServerDisk {
@@ -75,7 +81,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
      format!(
-        "{level} | *{name}*{region} disk usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💿\nmount point: `{path:?}`\nusing *{used_gb:.1} GiB* / *{total_gb:.1} GiB*\n{link}"
+        "{level} | **{name}**{region} disk usage at **{percentage:.1}%** 💿\nmount point: `{path:?}`\nusing **{used_gb:.1} GiB** / **{total_gb:.1} GiB**\n{link}"
      )
    }
    AlertData::ContainerStateChange {
@@ -88,7 +94,33 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
    } => {
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
      let to = fmt_docker_container_state(to);
-      format!("📦 Deployment *{name}* is now {to}\nserver: {server_name}\nprevious: {from}\n{link}")
+      format!(
+        "📦 Deployment **{name}** is now **{to}**\nserver: **{server_name}**\nprevious: **{from}**\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment **{name}** has an update available\nserver: **{server_name}**\nimage: **{image}**\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment **{name}** was updated automatically ⏫\nserver: **{server_name}**\nimage: **{image}**\n{link}"
+      )
    }
    AlertData::StackStateChange {
      id,
@@ -100,33 +132,109 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
    } => {
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
      let to = fmt_stack_state(to);
-      format!("🥞 Stack *{name}* is now {to}\nserver: {server_name}\nprevious: {from}\n{link}")
+      format!(
+        "🥞 Stack **{name}** is now {to}\nserver: **{server_name}**\nprevious: **{from}**\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      service,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack **{name}** has an update available\nserver: **{server_name}**\nservice: **{service}**\nimage: **{image}**\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      images,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      let images_label =
+        if images.len() > 1 { "images" } else { "image" };
+      let images = images.join(", ");
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack **{name}** was updated automatically ⏫\nserver: **{server_name}**\n{images_label}: **{images}**\n{link}"
+      )
    }
    AlertData::AwsBuilderTerminationFailed {
      instance_id,
      message,
    } => {
-      format!("{level} | Failed to terminated AWS builder instance\ninstance id: *{instance_id}*\n{message}")
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Failed to terminated AWS builder instance\ninstance id: **{instance_id}**\n{message}"
+      )
    }
    AlertData::ResourceSyncPendingUpdates { id, name } => {
      let link =
        resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::ResourceSync, id);
      format!(
-        "{level} | Pending resource sync updates on *{name}*\n{link}"
+        "{level} | Pending resource sync updates on **{name}**\n{link}"
      )
    }
    AlertData::BuildFailed { id, name, version } => {
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Build, id);
-      format!("{level} | Build *{name}* failed\nversion: v{version}\n{link}")
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Build **{name}** failed\nversion: **v{version}**\n{link}"
+      )
    }
    AlertData::RepoBuildFailed { id, name } => {
      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Repo, id);
-      format!("{level} | Repo build for *{name}* failed\n{link}")
+      format!("{level} | Repo build for **{name}** failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ProcedureFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure, id);
+      format!("{level} | Procedure **{name}** failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ActionFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Action, id);
+      format!("{level} | Action **{name}** failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ScheduleRun {
+      resource_type,
+      id,
+      name,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(*resource_type, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | **{name}** ({resource_type}) | Scheduled run started 🕝\n{link}"
+      )
    }
    AlertData::None {} => Default::default(),
  };
  if !content.is_empty() {
-    send_message(url, &content).await?;
+    let vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+    let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut url_interpolated = url.to_string();
+
+    // interpolate variables and secrets into the url
+    interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+      &vars_and_secrets,
+      &mut url_interpolated,
+      &mut global_replacers,
+      &mut secret_replacers,
+    )?;
+
+    send_message(&url_interpolated, &content)
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| {
+        let replacers =
+          secret_replacers.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+        let sanitized_error =
+          svi::replace_in_string(&format!("{e:?}"), &replacers);
+        anyhow::Error::msg(format!(
+          "Error with slack request: {}",
+          sanitized_error
+        ))
+      })?;
  }
  Ok(())
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/alert/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/alert/mod.rs
@@ -1,22 +1,28 @@
 use ::slack::types::Block;
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use derive_variants::ExtractVariant;
 use futures::future::join_all;
 use komodo_client::entities::{
-  alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
+  ResourceTargetVariant,
+  alert::{Alert, AlertData, AlertDataVariant, SeverityLevel},
  alerter::*,
  deployment::DeploymentState,
  stack::StackState,
-  ResourceTargetVariant,
 };
 use mungos::{find::find_collect, mongodb::bson::doc};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
 use tracing::Instrument;

+use crate::helpers::interpolate::interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string;
+use crate::helpers::query::get_variables_and_secrets;
 use crate::{config::core_config, state::db_client};

 mod discord;
+mod ntfy;
+mod pushover;
 mod slack;

+#[instrument(level = "debug")]
 pub async fn send_alerts(alerts: &[Alert]) {
  if alerts.is_empty() {
    return;
@@ -54,14 +60,31 @@ async fn send_alert(alerters: &[Alerter], alert: &Alert) {
    return;
  }

+  let handles = alerters
+    .iter()
+    .map(|alerter| send_alert_to_alerter(alerter, alert));
+
+  join_all(handles)
+    .await
+    .into_iter()
+    .filter_map(|res| res.err())
+    .for_each(|e| error!("{e:#}"));
+}
+
+pub async fn send_alert_to_alerter(
+  alerter: &Alerter,
+  alert: &Alert,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  // Don't send if not enabled
+  if !alerter.config.enabled {
+    return Ok(());
+  }
+
  let alert_type = alert.data.extract_variant();

-  let handles = alerters.iter().map(|alerter| async {
-    // Don't send if not enabled
-    if !alerter.config.enabled {
-      return Ok(());
-    }
-
+  // In the test case, we don't want the filters inside this
+  // block to stop the test from being sent to the alerting endpoint.
+  if alert_type != AlertDataVariant::Test {
    // Don't send if alert type not configured on the alerter
    if !alerter.config.alert_types.is_empty()
      && !alerter.config.alert_types.contains(&alert_type)
@@ -80,40 +103,50 @@ async fn send_alert(alerters: &[Alerter], alert: &Alert) {
    {
      return Ok(());
    }
+  }

-    match &alerter.config.endpoint {
-      AlerterEndpoint::Custom(CustomAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
-        send_custom_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
-          format!(
-            "failed to send alert to custom alerter {}",
-            alerter.name
-          )
-        })
-      }
-      AlerterEndpoint::Slack(SlackAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
-        slack::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
-          format!(
-            "failed to send alert to slack alerter {}",
-            alerter.name
-          )
-        })
-      }
-      AlerterEndpoint::Discord(DiscordAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
-        discord::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
-          format!(
-            "failed to send alert to Discord alerter {}",
-            alerter.name
-          )
-        })
-      }
+  match &alerter.config.endpoint {
+    AlerterEndpoint::Custom(CustomAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
+      send_custom_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+          "Failed to send alert to Custom Alerter {}",
+          alerter.name
+        )
+      })
    }
-  });
-
-  join_all(handles)
-    .await
-    .into_iter()
-    .filter_map(|res| res.err())
-    .for_each(|e| error!("{e:#}"));
+    AlerterEndpoint::Slack(SlackAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
+      slack::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+          "Failed to send alert to Slack Alerter {}",
+          alerter.name
+        )
+      })
+    }
+    AlerterEndpoint::Discord(DiscordAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
+      discord::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+          "Failed to send alert to Discord Alerter {}",
+          alerter.name
+        )
+      })
+    }
+    AlerterEndpoint::Ntfy(NtfyAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
+      ntfy::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+          "Failed to send alert to ntfy Alerter {}",
+          alerter.name
+        )
+      })
+    }
+    AlerterEndpoint::Pushover(PushoverAlerterEndpoint { url }) => {
+      pushover::send_alert(url, alert).await.with_context(|| {
+        format!(
+          "Failed to send alert to Pushover Alerter {}",
+          alerter.name
+        )
+      })
+    }
+  }
 }

 #[instrument(level = "debug")]
@@ -121,11 +154,34 @@ async fn send_custom_alert(
  url: &str,
  alert: &Alert,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+  let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
+  let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
+  let mut url_interpolated = url.to_string();
+
+  // interpolate variables and secrets into the url
+  interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+    &vars_and_secrets,
+    &mut url_interpolated,
+    &mut global_replacers,
+    &mut secret_replacers,
+  )?;
+
  let res = reqwest::Client::new()
-    .post(url)
+    .post(url_interpolated)
    .json(alert)
    .send()
    .await
+    .map_err(|e| {
+      let replacers =
+        secret_replacers.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+      let sanitized_error =
+        svi::replace_in_string(&format!("{e:?}"), &replacers);
+      anyhow::Error::msg(format!(
+        "Error with request: {}",
+        sanitized_error
+      ))
+    })
    .context("failed at post request to alerter")?;
  let status = res.status();
  if !status.is_success() {
@@ -201,6 +257,9 @@ fn resource_link(
    ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure => {
      format!("/procedures/{id}")
    }
+    ResourceTargetVariant::Action => {
+      format!("/actions/{id}")
+    }
    ResourceTargetVariant::ServerTemplate => {
      format!("/server-templates/{id}")
    }
--- a/bin/core/src/alert/ntfy.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/alert/ntfy.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,266 @@
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+
+use super::*;
+
+#[instrument(level = "debug")]
+pub async fn send_alert(
+  url: &str,
+  alert: &Alert,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let level = fmt_level(alert.level);
+  let content = match &alert.data {
+    AlertData::Test { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Alerter, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | If you see this message, then Alerter {} is working\n{link}",
+        name,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerUnreachable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      err,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      match alert.level {
+        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
+          format!(
+            "{level} | {}{} is now reachable\n{link}",
+            name, region
+          )
+        }
+        SeverityLevel::Critical => {
+          let err = err
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|e| format!("\nerror: {:#?}", e))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+          format!(
+            "{level} | {}{} is unreachable ❌\n{link}{err}",
+            name, region
+          )
+        }
+        _ => unreachable!(),
+      }
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerCpu {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      percentage,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} cpu usage at {percentage:.1}%\n{link}",
+        name, region,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerMem {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      used_gb,
+      total_gb,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} memory usage at {percentage:.1}%💾\n\nUsing {used_gb:.1} GiB / {total_gb:.1} GiB\n{link}",
+        name, region,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerDisk {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      path,
+      used_gb,
+      total_gb,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} disk usage at {percentage:.1}%💿\nmount point: {:?}\nusing {used_gb:.1} GiB / {total_gb:.1} GiB\n{link}",
+        name, region, path,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ContainerStateChange {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      from,
+      to,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      let to_state = fmt_docker_container_state(to);
+      format!(
+        "📦Deployment {} is now {}\nserver: {}\nprevious: {}\n{link}",
+        name, to_state, server_name, from,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment {} has an update available\nserver: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment {} was updated automatically\nserver: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackStateChange {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      from,
+      to,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      let to_state = fmt_stack_state(to);
+      format!(
+        "🥞 Stack {} is now {}\nserver: {}\nprevious: {}\n{link}",
+        name, to_state, server_name, from,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      service,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack {} has an update available\nserver: {}\nservice: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, service, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      images,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      let images_label =
+        if images.len() > 1 { "images" } else { "image" };
+      let images_str = images.join(", ");
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack {} was updated automatically ⏫\nserver: {}\n{}: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, images_label, images_str,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::AwsBuilderTerminationFailed {
+      instance_id,
+      message,
+    } => {
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Failed to terminate AWS builder instance\ninstance id: {}\n{}",
+        instance_id, message,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ResourceSyncPendingUpdates { id, name } => {
+      let link =
+        resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::ResourceSync, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Pending resource sync updates on {}\n{link}",
+        name,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::BuildFailed { id, name, version } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Build, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Build {} failed\nversion: v{}\n{link}",
+        name, version,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::RepoBuildFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Repo, id);
+      format!("{level} | Repo build for {} failed\n{link}", name,)
+    }
+    AlertData::ProcedureFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure, id);
+      format!("{level} | Procedure {name} failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ActionFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Action, id);
+      format!("{level} | Action {name} failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ScheduleRun {
+      resource_type,
+      id,
+      name,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(*resource_type, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {name} ({resource_type}) | Scheduled run started 🕝\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::None {} => Default::default(),
+  };
+
+  if !content.is_empty() {
+    send_message(url, content).await?;
+  }
+  Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn send_message(
+  url: &str,
+  content: String,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let response = http_client()
+    .post(url)
+    .header("Title", "ntfy Alert")
+    .body(content)
+    .send()
+    .await
+    .context("Failed to send message")?;
+
+  let status = response.status();
+  if status.is_success() {
+    debug!("ntfy alert sent successfully: {}", status);
+    Ok(())
+  } else {
+    let text = response.text().await.with_context(|| {
+      format!(
+        "Failed to send message to ntfy | {} | failed to get response text",
+        status
+      )
+    })?;
+    Err(anyhow!(
+      "Failed to send message to ntfy | {} | {}",
+      status,
+      text
+    ))
+  }
+}
+
+fn http_client() -> &'static reqwest::Client {
+  static CLIENT: OnceLock<reqwest::Client> = OnceLock::new();
+  CLIENT.get_or_init(reqwest::Client::new)
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/alert/pushover.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/alert/pushover.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+
+use super::*;
+
+#[instrument(level = "debug")]
+pub async fn send_alert(
+  url: &str,
+  alert: &Alert,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let level = fmt_level(alert.level);
+  let content = match &alert.data {
+    AlertData::Test { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Alerter, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | If you see this message, then Alerter {} is working\n{link}",
+        name,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerUnreachable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      err,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      match alert.level {
+        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
+          format!(
+            "{level} | {}{} is now reachable\n{link}",
+            name, region
+          )
+        }
+        SeverityLevel::Critical => {
+          let err = err
+            .as_ref()
+            .map(|e| format!("\nerror: {:#?}", e))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+          format!(
+            "{level} | {}{} is unreachable ❌\n{link}{err}",
+            name, region
+          )
+        }
+        _ => unreachable!(),
+      }
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerCpu {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      percentage,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} cpu usage at {percentage:.1}%\n{link}",
+        name, region,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerMem {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      used_gb,
+      total_gb,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} memory usage at {percentage:.1}%💾\n\nUsing {used_gb:.1} GiB / {total_gb:.1} GiB\n{link}",
+        name, region,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ServerDisk {
+      id,
+      name,
+      region,
+      path,
+      used_gb,
+      total_gb,
+    } => {
+      let region = fmt_region(region);
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id);
+      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {}{} disk usage at {percentage:.1}%💿\nmount point: {:?}\nusing {used_gb:.1} GiB / {total_gb:.1} GiB\n{link}",
+        name, region, path,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ContainerStateChange {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      from,
+      to,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      let to_state = fmt_docker_container_state(to);
+      format!(
+        "📦Deployment {} is now {}\nserver: {}\nprevious: {}\n{link}",
+        name, to_state, server_name, from,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment {} has an update available\nserver: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Deployment {} was updated automatically\nserver: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackStateChange {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      from,
+      to,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      let to_state = fmt_stack_state(to);
+      format!(
+        "🥞 Stack {} is now {}\nserver: {}\nprevious: {}\n{link}",
+        name, to_state, server_name, from,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      service,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack {} has an update available\nserver: {}\nservice: {}\nimage: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, service, image,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::StackAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      server_name,
+      images,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Stack, id);
+      let images_label =
+        if images.len() > 1 { "images" } else { "image" };
+      let images_str = images.join(", ");
+      format!(
+        "⬆ Stack {} was updated automatically ⏫\nserver: {}\n{}: {}\n{link}",
+        name, server_name, images_label, images_str,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::AwsBuilderTerminationFailed {
+      instance_id,
+      message,
+    } => {
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Failed to terminate AWS builder instance\ninstance id: {}\n{}",
+        instance_id, message,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::ResourceSyncPendingUpdates { id, name } => {
+      let link =
+        resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::ResourceSync, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Pending resource sync updates on {}\n{link}",
+        name,
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::BuildFailed { id, name, version } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Build, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | Build {name} failed\nversion: v{version}\n{link}",
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::RepoBuildFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Repo, id);
+      format!("{level} | Repo build for {} failed\n{link}", name,)
+    }
+    AlertData::ProcedureFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure, id);
+      format!("{level} | Procedure {name} failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ActionFailed { id, name } => {
+      let link = resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Action, id);
+      format!("{level} | Action {name} failed\n{link}")
+    }
+    AlertData::ScheduleRun {
+      resource_type,
+      id,
+      name,
+    } => {
+      let link = resource_link(*resource_type, id);
+      format!(
+        "{level} | {name} ({resource_type}) | Scheduled run started 🕝\n{link}"
+      )
+    }
+    AlertData::None {} => Default::default(),
+  };
+
+  if !content.is_empty() {
+    send_message(url, content).await?;
+  }
+  Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn send_message(
+  url: &str,
+  content: String,
+) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  // pushover needs all information to be encoded in the URL. At minimum they need
+  // the user key, the application token, and the message (url encoded).
+  // other optional params here: https://pushover.net/api (just add them to the
+  // webhook url along with the application token and the user key).
+  let content = [("message", content)];
+
+  let response = http_client()
+    .post(url)
+    .form(&content)
+    .send()
+    .await
+    .context("Failed to send message")?;
+
+  let status = response.status();
+  if status.is_success() {
+    debug!("pushover alert sent successfully: {}", status);
+    Ok(())
+  } else {
+    let text = response.text().await.with_context(|| {
+      format!(
+        "Failed to send message to pushover | {} | failed to get response text",
+        status
+      )
+    })?;
+    Err(anyhow!(
+      "Failed to send message to pushover | {} | {}",
+      status,
+      text
+    ))
+  }
+}
+
+fn http_client() -> &'static reqwest::Client {
+  static CLIENT: OnceLock<reqwest::Client> = OnceLock::new();
+  CLIENT.get_or_init(reqwest::Client::new)
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/alert/slack.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/alert/slack.rs
@@ -7,6 +7,22 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
  let level = fmt_level(alert.level);
  let (text, blocks): (_, Option<_>) = match &alert.data {
+    AlertData::Test { id, name } => {
+      let text = format!(
+        "{level} | If you see this message, then Alerter *{name}* is *working*"
+      );
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(level),
+        Block::section(format!(
+          "If you see this message, then Alerter *{name}* is *working*"
+        )),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Alerter,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
    AlertData::ServerUnreachable {
      id,
      name,
@@ -57,7 +73,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let region = fmt_region(region);
      match alert.level {
        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} cpu usage at *{percentage:.1}%*");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} cpu usage at *{percentage:.1}%*"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -71,7 +89,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
          (text, blocks.into())
        }
        _ => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} cpu usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 📈");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} cpu usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 📈"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -97,7 +117,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
      match alert.level {
        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} memory usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💾");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} memory usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💾"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -114,7 +136,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
          (text, blocks.into())
        }
        _ => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} memory usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💾");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} memory usage at *{percentage:.1}%* 💾"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -144,7 +168,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let percentage = 100.0 * used_gb / total_gb;
      match alert.level {
        SeverityLevel::Ok => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} disk usage at *{percentage:.1}%* | mount point: *{path:?}* 💿");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} disk usage at *{percentage:.1}%* | mount point: *{path:?}* 💿"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -153,12 +179,17 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
            Block::section(format!(
              "mount point: {path:?} | using *{used_gb:.1} GiB* / *{total_gb:.1} GiB*"
            )),
-            Block::section(resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id)),
+            Block::section(resource_link(
+              ResourceTargetVariant::Server,
+              id,
+            )),
          ];
          (text, blocks.into())
        }
        _ => {
-          let text = format!("{level} | *{name}*{region} disk usage at *{percentage:.1}%* | mount point: *{path:?}* 💿");
+          let text = format!(
+            "{level} | *{name}*{region} disk usage at *{percentage:.1}%* | mount point: *{path:?}* 💿"
+          );
          let blocks = vec![
            Block::header(level),
            Block::section(format!(
@@ -167,7 +198,10 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
            Block::section(format!(
              "mount point: {path:?} | using *{used_gb:.1} GiB* / *{total_gb:.1} GiB*"
            )),
-            Block::section(resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Server, id)),
+            Block::section(resource_link(
+              ResourceTargetVariant::Server,
+              id,
+            )),
          ];
          (text, blocks.into())
        }
@@ -182,7 +216,7 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      ..
    } => {
      let to = fmt_docker_container_state(to);
-      let text = format!("📦 Container *{name}* is now {to}");
+      let text = format!("📦 Container *{name}* is now *{to}*");
      let blocks = vec![
        Block::header(text.clone()),
        Block::section(format!(
@@ -195,6 +229,48 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      ];
      (text, blocks.into())
    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let text =
+        format!("⬆ Deployment *{name}* has an update available");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(format!(
+          "server: *{server_name}*\nimage: *{image}*",
+        )),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
+    AlertData::DeploymentAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let text =
+        format!("⬆ Deployment *{name}* was updated automatically ⏫");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(format!(
+          "server: *{server_name}*\nimage: *{image}*",
+        )),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
    AlertData::StackStateChange {
      name,
      server_name,
@@ -204,11 +280,56 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      ..
    } => {
      let to = fmt_stack_state(to);
-      let text = format!("🥞 Stack *{name}* is now {to}");
+      let text = format!("🥞 Stack *{name}* is now *{to}*");
      let blocks = vec![
        Block::header(text.clone()),
        Block::section(format!(
-          "server: {server_name}\nprevious: {from}",
+          "server: *{server_name}*\nprevious: *{from}*",
+        )),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Stack,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
+    AlertData::StackImageUpdateAvailable {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      service,
+      image,
+    } => {
+      let text = format!("⬆ Stack *{name}* has an update available");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(format!(
+          "server: *{server_name}*\nservice: *{service}*\nimage: *{image}*",
+        )),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Stack,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
+    AlertData::StackAutoUpdated {
+      id,
+      name,
+      server_name,
+      server_id: _server_id,
+      images,
+    } => {
+      let text =
+        format!("⬆ Stack *{name}* was updated automatically ⏫");
+      let images_label =
+        if images.len() > 1 { "images" } else { "image" };
+      let images = images.join(", ");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(format!(
+          "server: *{server_name}*\n{images_label}: *{images}*",
        )),
        Block::section(resource_link(
          ResourceTargetVariant::Stack,
@@ -233,8 +354,9 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      (text, blocks.into())
    }
    AlertData::ResourceSyncPendingUpdates { id, name } => {
-      let text =
-        format!("{level} | Pending resource sync updates on {name}");
+      let text = format!(
+        "{level} | Pending resource sync updates on *{name}*"
+      );
      let blocks = vec![
        Block::header(text.clone()),
        Block::section(format!(
@@ -251,21 +373,19 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      let text = format!("{level} | Build {name} has failed");
      let blocks = vec![
        Block::header(text.clone()),
-        Block::section(format!(
-          "build id: *{id}*\nbuild name: *{name}*\nversion: v{version}",
+        Block::section(format!("version: *v{version}*",)),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Build,
+          id,
        )),
-        Block::section(resource_link(ResourceTargetVariant::Build, id))
      ];
      (text, blocks.into())
    }
    AlertData::RepoBuildFailed { id, name } => {
      let text =
-        format!("{level} | Repo build for {name} has failed");
+        format!("{level} | Repo build for *{name}* has *failed*");
      let blocks = vec![
        Block::header(text.clone()),
-        Block::section(format!(
-          "repo id: *{id}*\nrepo name: *{name}*",
-        )),
        Block::section(resource_link(
          ResourceTargetVariant::Repo,
          id,
@@ -273,11 +393,69 @@ pub async fn send_alert(
      ];
      (text, blocks.into())
    }
+    AlertData::ProcedureFailed { id, name } => {
+      let text = format!("{level} | Procedure *{name}* has *failed*");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
+    AlertData::ActionFailed { id, name } => {
+      let text = format!("{level} | Action *{name}* has *failed*");
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(resource_link(
+          ResourceTargetVariant::Action,
+          id,
+        )),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
+    AlertData::ScheduleRun {
+      resource_type,
+      id,
+      name,
+    } => {
+      let text = format!(
+        "{level} | *{name}* ({resource_type}) | Scheduled run started 🕝"
+      );
+      let blocks = vec![
+        Block::header(text.clone()),
+        Block::section(resource_link(*resource_type, id)),
+      ];
+      (text, blocks.into())
+    }
    AlertData::None {} => Default::default(),
  };
  if !text.is_empty() {
-    let slack = ::slack::Client::new(url);
-    slack.send_message(text, blocks).await?;
+    let vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+    let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut url_interpolated = url.to_string();
+
+    // interpolate variables and secrets into the url
+    interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+      &vars_and_secrets,
+      &mut url_interpolated,
+      &mut global_replacers,
+      &mut secret_replacers,
+    )?;
+
+    let slack = ::slack::Client::new(url_interpolated);
+    slack.send_message(text, blocks).await.map_err(|e| {
+      let replacers =
+        secret_replacers.into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>();
+      let sanitized_error =
+        svi::replace_in_string(&format!("{e:?}"), &replacers);
+      anyhow::Error::msg(format!(
+        "Error with slack request: {}",
+        sanitized_error
+      ))
+    })?;
  }
  Ok(())
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/auth.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/auth.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 use std::{sync::OnceLock, time::Instant};

-use anyhow::anyhow;
-use axum::{http::HeaderMap, routing::post, Router};
-use axum_extra::{headers::ContentType, TypedHeader};
+use axum::{Router, http::HeaderMap, routing::post};
+use derive_variants::{EnumVariants, ExtractVariant};
 use komodo_client::{api::auth::*, entities::user::User};
-use reqwest::StatusCode;
-use resolver_api::{derive::Resolver, Resolve, Resolver};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use response::Response;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use serror::{AddStatusCode, Json};
+use serror::Json;
 use typeshare::typeshare;
 use uuid::Uuid;

@@ -20,13 +19,21 @@ use crate::{
  },
  config::core_config,
  helpers::query::get_user,
-  state::{jwt_client, State},
+  state::jwt_client,
 };

+pub struct AuthArgs {
+  pub headers: HeaderMap,
+}
+
 #[typeshare]
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolver)]
-#[resolver_target(State)]
-#[resolver_args(HeaderMap)]
+#[derive(
+  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolve, EnumVariants,
+)]
+#[args(AuthArgs)]
+#[response(Response)]
+#[error(serror::Error)]
+#[variant_derive(Debug)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", content = "params")]
 #[allow(clippy::enum_variant_names, clippy::large_enum_variant)]
 pub enum AuthRequest {
@@ -66,27 +73,20 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn handler(
  headers: HeaderMap,
  Json(request): Json<AuthRequest>,
-) -> serror::Result<(TypedHeader<ContentType>, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<axum::response::Response> {
  let timer = Instant::now();
  let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();
-  debug!("/auth request {req_id} | METHOD: {}", request.req_type());
-  let res = State.resolve_request(request, headers).await.map_err(
-    |e| match e {
-      resolver_api::Error::Serialization(e) => {
-        anyhow!("{e:?}").context("response serialization error")
-      }
-      resolver_api::Error::Inner(e) => e,
-    },
+  debug!(
+    "/auth request {req_id} | METHOD: {:?}",
+    request.extract_variant()
  );
+  let res = request.resolve(&AuthArgs { headers }).await;
  if let Err(e) = &res {
-    debug!("/auth request {req_id} | error: {e:#}");
+    debug!("/auth request {req_id} | error: {:#}", e.error);
  }
  let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
  debug!("/auth request {req_id} | resolve time: {elapsed:?}");
-  Ok((
-    TypedHeader(ContentType::json()),
-    res.status_code(StatusCode::UNAUTHORIZED)?,
-  ))
+  res.map(|res| res.0)
 }

 fn login_options_reponse() -> &'static GetLoginOptionsResponse {
@@ -105,45 +105,40 @@ fn login_options_reponse() -> &'static GetLoginOptionsResponse {
        && !config.google_oauth.secret.is_empty(),
      oidc: config.oidc_enabled
        && !config.oidc_provider.is_empty()
-        && !config.oidc_client_id.is_empty()
-        && !config.oidc_client_secret.is_empty(),
+        && !config.oidc_client_id.is_empty(),
      registration_disabled: config.disable_user_registration,
    }
  })
 }

-impl Resolve<GetLoginOptions, HeaderMap> for State {
+impl Resolve<AuthArgs> for GetLoginOptions {
  #[instrument(name = "GetLoginOptions", level = "debug", skip(self))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    _: GetLoginOptions,
-    _: HeaderMap,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetLoginOptionsResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &AuthArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetLoginOptionsResponse> {
    Ok(*login_options_reponse())
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ExchangeForJwt, HeaderMap> for State {
+impl Resolve<AuthArgs> for ExchangeForJwt {
  #[instrument(name = "ExchangeForJwt", level = "debug", skip(self))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ExchangeForJwt { token }: ExchangeForJwt,
-    _: HeaderMap,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ExchangeForJwtResponse> {
-    let jwt = jwt_client().redeem_exchange_token(&token).await?;
-    let res = ExchangeForJwtResponse { jwt };
-    Ok(res)
+    self,
+    _: &AuthArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ExchangeForJwtResponse> {
+    let jwt = jwt_client().redeem_exchange_token(&self.token).await?;
+    Ok(ExchangeForJwtResponse { jwt })
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetUser, HeaderMap> for State {
+impl Resolve<AuthArgs> for GetUser {
  #[instrument(name = "GetUser", level = "debug", skip(self))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetUser {}: GetUser,
-    headers: HeaderMap,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<User> {
-    let user_id = get_user_id_from_headers(&headers).await?;
-    get_user(&user_id).await
+    self,
+    AuthArgs { headers }: &AuthArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<User> {
+    let user_id = get_user_id_from_headers(headers).await?;
+    Ok(get_user(&user_id).await?)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/action.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/action.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,370 @@
+use std::{
+  collections::HashSet,
+  path::{Path, PathBuf},
+  str::FromStr,
+  sync::OnceLock,
+};
+
+use anyhow::Context;
+use command::run_komodo_command;
+use komodo_client::{
+  api::{
+    execute::{BatchExecutionResponse, BatchRunAction, RunAction},
+    user::{CreateApiKey, CreateApiKeyResponse, DeleteApiKey},
+  },
+  entities::{
+    action::Action,
+    alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
+    config::core::CoreConfig,
+    komodo_timestamp,
+    permission::PermissionLevel,
+    update::Update,
+    user::action_user,
+  },
+};
+use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::to_document};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use tokio::fs;
+
+use crate::{
+  alert::send_alerts,
+  api::{execute::ExecuteRequest, user::UserArgs},
+  config::core_config,
+  helpers::{
+    interpolate::{
+      add_interp_update_log,
+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string,
+    },
+    query::get_variables_and_secrets,
+    random_string,
+    update::update_update,
+  },
+  resource::{self, refresh_action_state_cache},
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
+};
+
+use super::ExecuteArgs;
+
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchRunAction {
+  type Resource = Action;
+  fn single_request(action: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::RunAction(RunAction { action })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchRunAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchRunAction", skip(self, user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchRunAction>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RunAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "RunAction", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let mut action = resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+      &self.action,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Execute,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    // get the action state for the action (or insert default).
+    let action_state = action_states()
+      .action
+      .get_or_insert_default(&action.id)
+      .await;
+
+    // This will set action state back to default when dropped.
+    // Will also check to ensure action not already busy before updating.
+    let _action_guard =
+      action_state.update(|state| state.running = true)?;
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    let CreateApiKeyResponse { key, secret } = CreateApiKey {
+      name: update.id.clone(),
+      expires: 0,
+    }
+    .resolve(&UserArgs {
+      user: action_user().to_owned(),
+    })
+    .await?;
+
+    let contents = &mut action.config.file_contents;
+
+    // Wrap the file contents in the execution context.
+    *contents = full_contents(contents, &key, &secret);
+
+    let replacers =
+      interpolate(contents, &mut update, key.clone(), secret.clone())
+        .await?
+        .into_iter()
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+
+    let file = format!("{}.ts", random_string(10));
+    let path = core_config().action_directory.join(&file);
+
+    if let Some(parent) = path.parent() {
+      fs::create_dir_all(parent)
+        .await
+        .with_context(|| format!("Failed to initialize Action file parent directory {parent:?}"))?;
+    }
+
+    fs::write(&path, contents).await.with_context(|| {
+      format!("Failed to write action file to {path:?}")
+    })?;
+
+    let CoreConfig { ssl_enabled, .. } = core_config();
+
+    let https_cert_flag = if *ssl_enabled {
+      " --unsafely-ignore-certificate-errors=localhost"
+    } else {
+      ""
+    };
+
+    let mut res = run_komodo_command(
+      // Keep this stage name as is, the UI will find the latest update log by matching the stage name
+      "Execute Action",
+      None,
+      format!(
+        "deno run --allow-all{https_cert_flag} {}",
+        path.display()
+      ),
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    res.stdout = svi::replace_in_string(&res.stdout, &replacers)
+      .replace(&key, "<ACTION_API_KEY>");
+    res.stderr = svi::replace_in_string(&res.stderr, &replacers)
+      .replace(&secret, "<ACTION_API_SECRET>");
+
+    cleanup_run(file + ".js", &path).await;
+
+    if let Err(e) = (DeleteApiKey { key })
+      .resolve(&UserArgs {
+        user: action_user().to_owned(),
+      })
+      .await
+    {
+      warn!(
+        "Failed to delete API key after action execution | {:#}",
+        e.error
+      );
+    };
+
+    update.logs.push(res);
+    update.finalize();
+
+    // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
+    // and before broadcast with update_update.
+    // The Err case of to_document should be unreachable,
+    // but will fail to update cache in that case.
+    if let Ok(update_doc) = to_document(&update) {
+      let _ = update_one_by_id(
+        &db_client().updates,
+        &update.id,
+        mungos::update::Update::Set(update_doc),
+        None,
+      )
+      .await;
+      refresh_action_state_cache().await;
+    }
+
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    if !update.success && action.config.failure_alert {
+      warn!("action unsuccessful, alerting...");
+      let target = update.target.clone();
+      tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let alert = Alert {
+          id: Default::default(),
+          target,
+          ts: komodo_timestamp(),
+          resolved_ts: Some(komodo_timestamp()),
+          resolved: true,
+          level: SeverityLevel::Warning,
+          data: AlertData::ActionFailed {
+            id: action.id,
+            name: action.name,
+          },
+        };
+        send_alerts(&[alert]).await
+      });
+    }
+
+    Ok(update)
+  }
+}
+
+async fn interpolate(
+  contents: &mut String,
+  update: &mut Update,
+  key: String,
+  secret: String,
+) -> serror::Result<HashSet<(String, String)>> {
+  let mut vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+
+  vars_and_secrets
+    .secrets
+    .insert(String::from("ACTION_API_KEY"), key);
+  vars_and_secrets
+    .secrets
+    .insert(String::from("ACTION_API_SECRET"), secret);
+
+  let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
+  let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
+
+  interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+    &vars_and_secrets,
+    contents,
+    &mut global_replacers,
+    &mut secret_replacers,
+  )?;
+
+  add_interp_update_log(update, &global_replacers, &secret_replacers);
+
+  Ok(secret_replacers)
+}
+
+fn full_contents(contents: &str, key: &str, secret: &str) -> String {
+  let CoreConfig {
+    port, ssl_enabled, ..
+  } = core_config();
+  let protocol = if *ssl_enabled { "https" } else { "http" };
+  let base_url = format!("{protocol}://localhost:{port}");
+  format!(
+    "import {{ KomodoClient }} from '{base_url}/client/lib.js';
+import * as __YAML__ from 'jsr:@std/yaml';
+import * as __TOML__ from 'jsr:@std/toml';
+
+const YAML = {{
+  stringify: __YAML__.stringify,
+  parse: __YAML__.parse,
+  parseAll: __YAML__.parseAll,
+  parseDockerCompose: __YAML__.parse,
+}}
+
+const TOML = {{
+  stringify: __TOML__.stringify,
+  parse: __TOML__.parse,
+  parseResourceToml: __TOML__.parse,
+  parseCargoToml: __TOML__.parse,
+}}
+
+const komodo = KomodoClient('{base_url}', {{
+  type: 'api-key',
+  params: {{ key: '{key}', secret: '{secret}' }}
+}});
+
+async function main() {{
+{contents}
+
+console.log('🦎 Action completed successfully 🦎');
+}}
+
+main()
+.catch(error => {{
+  console.error('🚨 Action exited early with errors 🚨')
+  if (error.status !== undefined && error.result !== undefined) {{
+    console.error('Status:', error.status);
+    console.error(JSON.stringify(error.result, null, 2));
+  }} else {{
+    console.error(JSON.stringify(error, null, 2));
+  }}
+  Deno.exit(1)
+}});"
+  )
+}
+
+/// Cleans up file at given path.
+/// ALSO if $DENO_DIR is set,
+/// will clean up the generated file matching "file"
+async fn cleanup_run(file: String, path: &Path) {
+  if let Err(e) = fs::remove_file(path).await {
+    warn!(
+      "Failed to delete action file after action execution | {e:#}"
+    );
+  }
+  // If $DENO_DIR is set (will be in container),
+  // will clean up the generated file matching "file" (NOT under path)
+  let Some(deno_dir) = deno_dir() else {
+    return;
+  };
+  delete_file(deno_dir.join("gen/file"), file).await;
+}
+
+fn deno_dir() -> Option<&'static Path> {
+  static DENO_DIR: OnceLock<Option<PathBuf>> = OnceLock::new();
+  DENO_DIR
+    .get_or_init(|| {
+      let deno_dir = std::env::var("DENO_DIR").ok()?;
+      PathBuf::from_str(&deno_dir).ok()
+    })
+    .as_deref()
+}
+
+/// file is just the terminating file path,
+/// it may be nested multiple folder under path,
+/// this will find the nested file and delete it.
+/// Assumes the file is only there once.
+fn delete_file(
+  dir: PathBuf,
+  file: String,
+) -> std::pin::Pin<Box<dyn std::future::Future<Output = bool> + Send>>
+{
+  Box::pin(async move {
+    let Ok(mut dir) = fs::read_dir(dir).await else {
+      return false;
+    };
+    // Collect the nested folders for recursing
+    // only after checking all the files in directory.
+    let mut folders = Vec::<PathBuf>::new();
+
+    while let Ok(Some(entry)) = dir.next_entry().await {
+      let Ok(meta) = entry.metadata().await else {
+        continue;
+      };
+      if meta.is_file() {
+        let Ok(name) = entry.file_name().into_string() else {
+          continue;
+        };
+        if name == file {
+          if let Err(e) = fs::remove_file(entry.path()).await {
+            warn!(
+              "Failed to clean up generated file after action execution | {e:#}"
+            );
+          };
+          return true;
+        }
+      } else {
+        folders.push(entry.path());
+      }
+    }
+
+    if folders.len() == 1 {
+      // unwrap ok, folders definitely is not empty
+      let folder = folders.pop().unwrap();
+      delete_file(folder, file).await
+    } else {
+      // Check folders with file.clone
+      for folder in folders {
+        if delete_file(folder, file.clone()).await {
+          return true;
+        }
+      }
+      false
+    }
+  })
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/alerter.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/alerter.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+use formatting::format_serror;
+use komodo_client::{
+  api::execute::TestAlerter,
+  entities::{
+    alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
+    alerter::Alerter,
+    komodo_timestamp,
+    permission::PermissionLevel,
+  },
+};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+
+use crate::{
+  alert::send_alert_to_alerter, helpers::update::update_update,
+  resource::get_check_permissions,
+};
+
+use super::ExecuteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for TestAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "TestAlerter", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> Result<Self::Response, Self::Error> {
+    let alerter = get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
+      &self.alerter,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Execute,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
+    if !alerter.config.enabled {
+      update.push_error_log(
+        "Test Alerter",
+        String::from(
+          "Alerter is disabled. Enable the Alerter to send alerts.",
+        ),
+      );
+      update.finalize();
+      update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+      return Ok(update);
+    }
+
+    let ts = komodo_timestamp();
+
+    let alert = Alert {
+      id: Default::default(),
+      ts,
+      resolved: true,
+      level: SeverityLevel::Ok,
+      target: update.target.clone(),
+      data: AlertData::Test {
+        id: alerter.id.clone(),
+        name: alerter.name.clone(),
+      },
+      resolved_ts: Some(ts),
+    };
+
+    if let Err(e) = send_alert_to_alerter(&alerter, &alert).await {
+      update.push_error_log("Test Alerter", format_serror(&e.into()));
+    } else {
+      update.push_simple_log("Test Alerter", String::from("Alert sent successfully. It should be visible at your alerting destination."));
+    };
+
+    update.finalize();
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    Ok(update)
+  }
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/build.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/build.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
 use std::{collections::HashSet, future::IntoFuture, time::Duration};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use formatting::format_serror;
 use futures::future::join_all;
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::execute::{CancelBuild, Deploy, RunBuild},
+  api::execute::{
+    BatchExecutionResponse, BatchRunBuild, CancelBuild, Deploy,
+    RunBuild,
+  },
  entities::{
    alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
    all_logs_success,
@@ -14,7 +17,7 @@ use komodo_client::{
    komodo_timestamp,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    update::{Log, Update},
-    user::{auto_redeploy_user, User},
+    user::auto_redeploy_user,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -46,28 +49,53 @@ use crate::{
    update::{init_execution_update, update_update},
  },
  resource::{self, refresh_build_state_cache},
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
 };

-use super::ExecuteRequest;
+use super::{ExecuteArgs, ExecuteRequest};

-impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RunBuild", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchRunBuild {
+  type Resource = Build;
+  fn single_request(build: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::RunBuild(RunBuild { build })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchRunBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchRunBuild", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RunBuild { build }: RunBuild,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchRunBuild>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RunBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "RunBuild", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let mut build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
+
    let mut vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+    // Add the $VERSION to variables. Use with [[$VERSION]]
+    vars_and_secrets.variables.insert(
+      String::from("$VERSION"),
+      build.config.version.to_string(),
+    );

    if build.config.builder_id.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Must attach builder to RunBuild"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Must attach builder to RunBuild").into());
    }

    // get the action state for the build (or insert default).
@@ -82,17 +110,12 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
    if build.config.auto_increment_version {
      build.config.version.increment();
    }
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update.version = build.config.version;
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    // Add the $VERSION to variables. Use with [[$VERSION]]
-    if !vars_and_secrets.variables.contains_key("$VERSION") {
-      vars_and_secrets.variables.insert(
-        String::from("$VERSION"),
-        build.config.version.to_string(),
-      );
-    }
-
    let git_token = git_token(
      &build.config.git_provider,
      &build.config.git_account,
@@ -152,7 +175,6 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
    });

    // GET BUILDER PERIPHERY
-
    let (periphery, cleanup_data) = match get_builder_periphery(
      build.name.clone(),
      Some(build.config.version),
@@ -178,9 +200,8 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      }
    };

-    // CLONE REPO
+    // INTERPOLATE VARIABLES
    let secret_replacers = if !build.config.skip_secret_interp {
-      // Interpolate variables / secrets into pre build command
      let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
      let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();

@@ -191,6 +212,34 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
        &mut secret_replacers,
      )?;

+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut build.config.build_args,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut build.config.secret_args,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut build.config.dockerfile,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_extra_args(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut build.config.extra_args,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
      add_interp_update_log(
        &mut update,
        &global_replacers,
@@ -202,84 +251,57 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      Default::default()
    };

-    let res = tokio::select! {
-      res = periphery
-        .request(api::git::CloneRepo {
-          args: (&build).into(),
-          git_token,
-          environment: Default::default(),
-          env_file_path: Default::default(),
-          skip_secret_interp: Default::default(),
-          replacers: secret_replacers.into_iter().collect(),
-        }) => res,
-      _ = cancel.cancelled() => {
-        debug!("build cancelled during clone, cleaning up builder");
-        update.push_error_log("build cancelled", String::from("user cancelled build during repo clone"));
-        cleanup_builder_instance(periphery, cleanup_data, &mut update)
-          .await;
-        info!("builder cleaned up");
-        return handle_early_return(update, build.id, build.name, true).await
-      },
-    };
-
-    let commit_message = match res {
-      Ok(res) => {
-        debug!("finished repo clone");
-        update.logs.extend(res.logs);
-        update.commit_hash =
-          res.commit_hash.unwrap_or_default().to_string();
-        res.commit_message.unwrap_or_default()
-      }
-      Err(e) => {
-        warn!("failed build at clone repo | {e:#}");
-        update.push_error_log(
-          "clone repo",
-          format_serror(&e.context("failed to clone repo").into()),
-        );
-        Default::default()
-      }
-    };
-
-    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
-
-    if all_logs_success(&update.logs) {
-      let secret_replacers = if !build.config.skip_secret_interp {
-        // Interpolate variables / secrets into build args
-        let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
-        let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
-
-        interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
-          &vars_and_secrets,
-          &mut build.config.build_args,
-          &mut global_replacers,
-          &mut secret_replacers,
-        )?;
-
-        interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
-          &vars_and_secrets,
-          &mut build.config.secret_args,
-          &mut global_replacers,
-          &mut secret_replacers,
-        )?;
-
-        interpolate_variables_secrets_into_extra_args(
-          &vars_and_secrets,
-          &mut build.config.extra_args,
-          &mut global_replacers,
-          &mut secret_replacers,
-        )?;
-
-        add_interp_update_log(
-          &mut update,
-          &global_replacers,
-          &secret_replacers,
-        );
-
-        secret_replacers
-      } else {
-        Default::default()
+    let commit_message = if !build.config.files_on_host
+      && !build.config.repo.is_empty()
+    {
+      // CLONE REPO
+      let res = tokio::select! {
+        res = periphery
+          .request(api::git::CloneRepo {
+            args: (&build).into(),
+            git_token,
+            environment: Default::default(),
+            env_file_path: Default::default(),
+            skip_secret_interp: Default::default(),
+            replacers: Default::default(),
+          }) => res,
+        _ = cancel.cancelled() => {
+          debug!("build cancelled during clone, cleaning up builder");
+          update.push_error_log("build cancelled", String::from("user cancelled build during repo clone"));
+          cleanup_builder_instance(cleanup_data, &mut update)
+            .await;
+          info!("builder cleaned up");
+          return handle_early_return(update, build.id, build.name, true).await
+        },
      };

+      let commit_message = match res {
+        Ok(res) => {
+          debug!("finished repo clone");
+          update.logs.extend(res.logs);
+          update.commit_hash =
+            res.commit_hash.unwrap_or_default().to_string();
+          res.commit_message.unwrap_or_default()
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+          warn!("failed build at clone repo | {e:#}");
+          update.push_error_log(
+            "clone repo",
+            format_serror(&e.context("failed to clone repo").into()),
+          );
+          Default::default()
+        }
+      };
+
+      update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+      Some(commit_message)
+    } else {
+      None
+    };
+
+    if all_logs_success(&update.logs) {
+      // RUN BUILD
      let res = tokio::select! {
        res = periphery
          .request(api::build::Build {
@@ -296,7 +318,7 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
        _ = cancel.cancelled() => {
          info!("build cancelled during build, cleaning up builder");
          update.push_error_log("build cancelled", String::from("user cancelled build during docker build"));
-          cleanup_builder_instance(periphery, cleanup_data, &mut update)
+          cleanup_builder_instance(cleanup_data, &mut update)
            .await;
          return handle_early_return(update, build.id, build.name, true).await
        },
@@ -340,8 +362,9 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
    // stop the cancel listening task from going forever
    cancel.cancel();

-    cleanup_builder_instance(periphery, cleanup_data, &mut update)
-      .await;
+    // If building on temporary cloud server (AWS),
+    // this will terminate the server.
+    cleanup_builder_instance(cleanup_data, &mut update).await;

    // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
    // and before broadcast with add_update.
@@ -387,7 +410,7 @@ impl Resolve<RunBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      });
    }

-    Ok(update)
+    Ok(update.clone())
  }
 }

@@ -397,7 +420,7 @@ async fn handle_early_return(
  build_id: String,
  build_name: String,
  is_cancel: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+) -> serror::Result<Update> {
  update.finalize();
  // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
  // and before broadcast with add_update.
@@ -435,10 +458,9 @@ async fn handle_early_return(
      send_alerts(&[alert]).await
    });
  }
-  Ok(update)
+  Ok(update.clone())
 }

-#[instrument(skip_all)]
 pub async fn validate_cancel_build(
  request: &ExecuteRequest,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
@@ -485,16 +507,15 @@ pub async fn validate_cancel_build(
  Ok(())
 }

-impl Resolve<CancelBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CancelBuild", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for CancelBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "CancelBuild", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CancelBuild { build }: CancelBuild,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -507,9 +528,11 @@ impl Resolve<CancelBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      .and_then(|s| s.get().ok().map(|s| s.building))
      .unwrap_or_default()
    {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Build is not building."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Build is not building.").into());
    }

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update.push_simple_log(
      "cancel triggered",
      "the build cancel has been triggered",
@@ -535,7 +558,9 @@ impl Resolve<CancelBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      )
      .await
      {
-        warn!("failed to set CancelBuild Update status Complete after timeout | {e:#}")
+        warn!(
+          "failed to set CancelBuild Update status Complete after timeout | {e:#}"
+        )
      }
    });

@@ -573,16 +598,13 @@ async fn handle_post_build_redeploy(build_id: &str) {
          let user = auto_redeploy_user().to_owned();
          let res = async {
            let update = init_execution_update(&req, &user).await?;
-            State
-              .resolve(
-                Deploy {
-                  deployment: deployment.id.clone(),
-                  stop_signal: None,
-                  stop_time: None,
-                },
-                (user, update),
-              )
-              .await
+            Deploy {
+              deployment: deployment.id.clone(),
+              stop_signal: None,
+              stop_time: None,
+            }
+            .resolve(&ExecuteArgs { user, update })
+            .await
          }
          .await;
          Some((deployment.id.clone(), res))
@@ -596,7 +618,10 @@ async fn handle_post_build_redeploy(build_id: &str) {
      continue;
    };
    if let Err(e) = res {
-      warn!("failed post build redeploy for deployment {id}: {e:#}");
+      warn!(
+        "failed post build redeploy for deployment {id}: {:#}",
+        e.error
+      );
    }
  }
 }
@@ -616,14 +641,17 @@ async fn validate_account_extract_registry_token(
      },
    ..
  }: &Build,
-) -> anyhow::Result<Option<String>> {
+) -> serror::Result<Option<String>> {
  if domain.is_empty() {
    return Ok(None);
  }
  if account.is_empty() {
-    return Err(anyhow!(
-      "Must attach account to use registry provider {domain}"
-    ));
+    return Err(
+      anyhow!(
+        "Must attach account to use registry provider {domain}"
+      )
+      .into(),
+    );
  }

  let registry_token = registry_token(domain, account).await.with_context(
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/deployment.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/deployment.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,21 @@
-use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::OnceLock};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use cache::TimeoutCache;
 use formatting::format_serror;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::execute::*,
  entities::{
+    Version,
    build::{Build, ImageRegistryConfig},
    deployment::{
-      extract_registry_domain, Deployment, DeploymentImage,
+      Deployment, DeploymentImage, extract_registry_domain,
    },
-    get_image_name,
+    get_image_name, komodo_timestamp, optional_string,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    server::Server,
    update::{Log, Update},
    user::User,
-    Version,
  },
 };
 use periphery_client::api;
@@ -34,9 +35,35 @@ use crate::{
  },
  monitor::update_cache_for_server,
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, State},
+  state::action_states,
 };

+use super::{ExecuteArgs, ExecuteRequest};
+
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchDeploy {
+  type Resource = Deployment;
+  fn single_request(deployment: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::Deploy(Deploy {
+      deployment,
+      stop_signal: None,
+      stop_time: None,
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchDeploy {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchDeploy", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchDeploy>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
 async fn setup_deployment_execution(
  deployment: &str,
  user: &User,
@@ -49,28 +76,27 @@ async fn setup_deployment_execution(
  .await?;

  if deployment.config.server_id.is_empty() {
-    return Err(anyhow!("deployment has no server configured"));
+    return Err(anyhow!("Deployment has no Server configured"));
  }

  let server =
    resource::get::<Server>(&deployment.config.server_id).await?;

+  if !server.config.enabled {
+    return Err(anyhow!("Attached Server is not enabled"));
+  }
+
  Ok((deployment, server))
 }

-impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "Deploy", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for Deploy {
+  #[instrument(name = "Deploy", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    Deploy {
-      deployment,
-      stop_signal,
-      stop_time,
-    }: Deploy,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (mut deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -83,16 +109,11 @@ impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.deploying = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    periphery
-      .health_check()
-      .await
-      .context("Failed server health check, stopping run.")?;
-
    // This block resolves the attached Build to an actual versioned image
    let (version, registry_token) = match &deployment.config.image {
      DeploymentImage::Build { build_id, version } => {
@@ -104,12 +125,7 @@ impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
        } else {
          *version
        };
-        // Remove ending patch if it is 0, this means use latest patch.
-        let version_str = if version.patch == 0 {
-          format!("{}.{}", version.major, version.minor)
-        } else {
-          version.to_string()
-        };
+        let version_str = version.to_string();
        // Potentially add the build image_tag postfix
        let version_str = if build.config.image_tag.is_empty() {
          version_str
@@ -217,11 +233,11 @@ impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
    update.version = version;
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    match periphery
+    match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::Deploy {
        deployment,
-        stop_signal,
-        stop_time,
+        stop_signal: self.stop_signal,
+        stop_time: self.stop_time,
        registry_token,
        replacers: secret_replacers.into_iter().collect(),
      })
@@ -230,10 +246,8 @@ impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
      Ok(log) => update.logs.push(log),
      Err(e) => {
        update.push_error_log(
-          "deploy container",
-          format_serror(
-            &e.context("failed to deploy container").into(),
-          ),
+          "Deploy Container",
+          format_serror(&e.into()),
        );
      }
    };
@@ -247,15 +261,164 @@ impl Resolve<Deploy, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StartDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+/// Wait this long after a pull to allow another pull through
+const PULL_TIMEOUT: i64 = 5_000;
+type ServerId = String;
+type Image = String;
+type PullCache = TimeoutCache<(ServerId, Image), Log>;
+
+fn pull_cache() -> &'static PullCache {
+  static PULL_CACHE: OnceLock<PullCache> = OnceLock::new();
+  PULL_CACHE.get_or_init(Default::default)
+}
+
+pub async fn pull_deployment_inner(
+  deployment: Deployment,
+  server: &Server,
+) -> anyhow::Result<Log> {
+  let (image, account, token) = match deployment.config.image {
+    DeploymentImage::Build { build_id, version } => {
+      let build = resource::get::<Build>(&build_id).await?;
+      let image_name = get_image_name(&build)
+        .context("failed to create image name")?;
+      let version = if version.is_none() {
+        build.config.version.to_string()
+      } else {
+        version.to_string()
+      };
+      // Potentially add the build image_tag postfix
+      let version = if build.config.image_tag.is_empty() {
+        version
+      } else {
+        format!("{version}-{}", build.config.image_tag)
+      };
+      // replace image with corresponding build image.
+      let image = format!("{image_name}:{version}");
+      if build.config.image_registry.domain.is_empty() {
+        (image, None, None)
+      } else {
+        let ImageRegistryConfig {
+          domain, account, ..
+        } = build.config.image_registry;
+        let account =
+          if deployment.config.image_registry_account.is_empty() {
+            account
+          } else {
+            deployment.config.image_registry_account
+          };
+        let token = if !account.is_empty() {
+          registry_token(&domain, &account).await.with_context(
+              || format!("Failed to get git token in call to db. Stopping run. | {domain} | {account}"),
+            )?
+        } else {
+          None
+        };
+        (image, optional_string(&account), token)
+      }
+    }
+    DeploymentImage::Image { image } => {
+      let domain = extract_registry_domain(&image)?;
+      let token = if !deployment
+        .config
+        .image_registry_account
+        .is_empty()
+      {
+        registry_token(&domain, &deployment.config.image_registry_account).await.with_context(
+            || format!("Failed to get git token in call to db. Stopping run. | {domain} | {}", deployment.config.image_registry_account),
+          )?
+      } else {
+        None
+      };
+      (
+        image,
+        optional_string(&deployment.config.image_registry_account),
+        token,
+      )
+    }
+  };
+
+  // Acquire the pull lock for this image on the server
+  let lock = pull_cache()
+    .get_lock((server.id.clone(), image.clone()))
+    .await;
+
+  // Lock the path lock, prevents simultaneous pulls by
+  // ensuring simultaneous pulls will wait for first to finish
+  // and checking cached results.
+  let mut locked = lock.lock().await;
+
+  // Early return from cache if lasted pulled with PULL_TIMEOUT
+  if locked.last_ts + PULL_TIMEOUT > komodo_timestamp() {
+    return locked.clone_res();
+  }
+
+  let res = async {
+    let log = match periphery_client(server)?
+      .request(api::image::PullImage {
+        name: image,
+        account,
+        token,
+      })
+      .await
+    {
+      Ok(log) => log,
+      Err(e) => Log::error("Pull image", format_serror(&e.into())),
+    };
+
+    update_cache_for_server(server).await;
+    anyhow::Ok(log)
+  }
+  .await;
+
+  // Set the cache with results. Any other calls waiting on the lock will
+  // then immediately also use this same result.
+  locked.set(&res, komodo_timestamp());
+
+  res
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PullDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "PullDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StartDeployment { deployment }: StartDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;
+
+    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
+    let action_state = action_states()
+      .deployment
+      .get_or_insert_default(&deployment.id)
+      .await;
+
+    // Will check to ensure deployment not already busy before updating, and return Err if so.
+    // The returned guard will set the action state back to default when dropped.
+    let _action_guard =
+      action_state.update(|state| state.pulling = true)?;
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();
+    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    let log = pull_deployment_inner(deployment, &server).await?;
+
+    update.logs.push(log);
+    update.finalize();
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    Ok(update)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StartDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "StartDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let (deployment, server) =
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -268,12 +431,12 @@ impl Resolve<StartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.starting = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::StartContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
      })
@@ -295,15 +458,14 @@ impl Resolve<StartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RestartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RestartDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RestartDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "RestartDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RestartDeployment { deployment }: RestartDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -316,12 +478,12 @@ impl Resolve<RestartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.restarting = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::RestartContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
      })
@@ -345,15 +507,14 @@ impl Resolve<RestartDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PauseDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PauseDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "PauseDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PauseDeployment { deployment }: PauseDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -366,12 +527,12 @@ impl Resolve<PauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pausing = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::PauseContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
      })
@@ -393,15 +554,14 @@ impl Resolve<PauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UnpauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for UnpauseDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UnpauseDeployment { deployment }: UnpauseDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -414,12 +574,12 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.unpausing = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::UnpauseContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
      })
@@ -443,19 +603,14 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StopDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StopDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StopDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "StopDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StopDeployment {
-      deployment,
-      signal,
-      time,
-    }: StopDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -468,18 +623,20 @@ impl Resolve<StopDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.stopping = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::StopContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
-        signal: signal
+        signal: self
+          .signal
          .unwrap_or(deployment.config.termination_signal)
          .into(),
-        time: time
+        time: self
+          .time
          .unwrap_or(deployment.config.termination_timeout)
          .into(),
      })
@@ -501,19 +658,41 @@ impl Resolve<StopDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DestroyDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DestroyDeployment", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DestroyDeployment {
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchDestroyDeployment {
+  type Resource = Deployment;
+  fn single_request(deployment: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::DestroyDeployment(DestroyDeployment {
      deployment,
-      signal,
-      time,
-    }: DestroyDeployment,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+      signal: None,
+      time: None,
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchDestroyDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchDestroyDeployment", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchDestroyDeployment>(
+        &self.pattern,
+        user,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DestroyDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "DestroyDeployment", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (deployment, server) =
-      setup_deployment_execution(&deployment, &user).await?;
+      setup_deployment_execution(&self.deployment, user).await?;

    // get the action state for the deployment (or insert default).
    let action_state = action_states()
@@ -526,18 +705,20 @@ impl Resolve<DestroyDeployment, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.destroying = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

-    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-
-    let log = match periphery
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::RemoveContainer {
        name: deployment.name,
-        signal: signal
+        signal: self
+          .signal
          .unwrap_or(deployment.config.termination_signal)
          .into(),
-        time: time
+        time: self
+          .time
          .unwrap_or(deployment.config.termination_timeout)
          .into(),
      })
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/mod.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,22 @@
-use std::time::Instant;
+use std::{pin::Pin, time::Instant};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use axum::{middleware, routing::post, Extension, Router};
+use anyhow::Context;
+use axum::{Extension, Router, middleware, routing::post};
+use axum_extra::{TypedHeader, headers::ContentType};
 use derive_variants::{EnumVariants, ExtractVariant};
 use formatting::format_serror;
+use futures::future::join_all;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::execute::*,
  entities::{
+    Operation,
    update::{Log, Update},
    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mungos::by_id::find_one_by_id;
-use resolver_api::{derive::Resolver, Resolver};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use response::JsonString;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serror::Json;
 use typeshare::typeshare;
@@ -21,9 +25,12 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
  auth::auth_request,
  helpers::update::{init_execution_update, update_update},
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  resource::{KomodoResource, list_full_for_user_using_pattern},
+  state::db_client,
 };

+mod action;
+mod alerter;
 mod build;
 mod deployment;
 mod procedure;
@@ -33,13 +40,23 @@ mod server_template;
 mod stack;
 mod sync;

+pub use {
+  deployment::pull_deployment_inner, stack::pull_stack_inner,
+};
+
+pub struct ExecuteArgs {
+  pub user: User,
+  pub update: Update,
+}
+
 #[typeshare]
 #[derive(
-  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolver, EnumVariants,
+  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolve, EnumVariants,
 )]
 #[variant_derive(Debug)]
-#[resolver_target(State)]
-#[resolver_args((User, Update))]
+#[args(ExecuteArgs)]
+#[response(JsonString)]
+#[error(serror::Error)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", content = "params")]
 pub enum ExecuteRequest {
  // ==== SERVER ====
@@ -67,39 +84,58 @@ pub enum ExecuteRequest {

  // ==== DEPLOYMENT ====
  Deploy(Deploy),
+  BatchDeploy(BatchDeploy),
+  PullDeployment(PullDeployment),
  StartDeployment(StartDeployment),
  RestartDeployment(RestartDeployment),
  PauseDeployment(PauseDeployment),
  UnpauseDeployment(UnpauseDeployment),
  StopDeployment(StopDeployment),
  DestroyDeployment(DestroyDeployment),
+  BatchDestroyDeployment(BatchDestroyDeployment),

  // ==== STACK ====
  DeployStack(DeployStack),
+  BatchDeployStack(BatchDeployStack),
  DeployStackIfChanged(DeployStackIfChanged),
+  BatchDeployStackIfChanged(BatchDeployStackIfChanged),
+  PullStack(PullStack),
  StartStack(StartStack),
  RestartStack(RestartStack),
  StopStack(StopStack),
  PauseStack(PauseStack),
  UnpauseStack(UnpauseStack),
  DestroyStack(DestroyStack),
+  BatchDestroyStack(BatchDestroyStack),

  // ==== BUILD ====
  RunBuild(RunBuild),
+  BatchRunBuild(BatchRunBuild),
  CancelBuild(CancelBuild),

  // ==== REPO ====
  CloneRepo(CloneRepo),
+  BatchCloneRepo(BatchCloneRepo),
  PullRepo(PullRepo),
+  BatchPullRepo(BatchPullRepo),
  BuildRepo(BuildRepo),
+  BatchBuildRepo(BatchBuildRepo),
  CancelRepoBuild(CancelRepoBuild),

  // ==== PROCEDURE ====
  RunProcedure(RunProcedure),
+  BatchRunProcedure(BatchRunProcedure),
+
+  // ==== ACTION ====
+  RunAction(RunAction),
+  BatchRunAction(BatchRunAction),

  // ==== SERVER TEMPLATE ====
  LaunchServer(LaunchServer),

+  // ==== ALERTER ====
+  TestAlerter(TestAlerter),
+
  // ==== SYNC ====
  RunSync(RunSync),
 }
@@ -113,50 +149,88 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn handler(
  Extension(user): Extension<User>,
  Json(request): Json<ExecuteRequest>,
-) -> serror::Result<Json<Update>> {
-  let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+) -> serror::Result<(TypedHeader<ContentType>, String)> {
+  let res = match inner_handler(request, user).await? {
+    ExecutionResult::Single(update) => serde_json::to_string(&update)
+      .context("Failed to serialize Update")?,
+    ExecutionResult::Batch(res) => res,
+  };
+  Ok((TypedHeader(ContentType::json()), res))
+}

-  // need to validate no cancel is active before any update is created.
-  build::validate_cancel_build(&request).await?;
+pub enum ExecutionResult {
+  Single(Update),
+  /// The batch contents will be pre serialized here
+  Batch(String),
+}

-  let update = init_execution_update(&request, &user).await?;
+pub fn inner_handler(
+  request: ExecuteRequest,
+  user: User,
+) -> Pin<
+  Box<
+    dyn std::future::Future<Output = anyhow::Result<ExecutionResult>>
+      + Send,
+  >,
+> {
+  Box::pin(async move {
+    let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();

-  let handle =
-    tokio::spawn(task(req_id, request, user, update.clone()));
+    // need to validate no cancel is active before any update is created.
+    build::validate_cancel_build(&request).await?;

-  tokio::spawn({
-    let update_id = update.id.clone();
-    async move {
-      let log = match handle.await {
-        Ok(Err(e)) => {
-          warn!("/execute request {req_id} task error: {e:#}",);
-          Log::error("task error", format_serror(&e.into()))
-        }
-        Err(e) => {
-          warn!("/execute request {req_id} spawn error: {e:?}",);
-          Log::error("spawn error", format!("{e:#?}"))
-        }
-        _ => return,
-      };
-      let res = async {
-        let mut update =
-          find_one_by_id(&db_client().updates, &update_id)
-            .await
-            .context("failed to query to db")?
-            .context("no update exists with given id")?;
-        update.logs.push(log);
-        update.finalize();
-        update_update(update).await
-      }
-      .await;
+    let update = init_execution_update(&request, &user).await?;

-      if let Err(e) = res {
-        warn!("failed to update update with task error log | {e:#}");
-      }
+    // This will be the case for the Batch exections,
+    // they don't have their own updates.
+    // The batch calls also call "inner_handler" themselves,
+    // and in their case will spawn tasks, so that isn't necessary
+    // here either.
+    if update.operation == Operation::None {
+      return Ok(ExecutionResult::Batch(
+        task(req_id, request, user, update).await?,
+      ));
    }
-  });

-  Ok(Json(update))
+    let handle =
+      tokio::spawn(task(req_id, request, user, update.clone()));
+
+    tokio::spawn({
+      let update_id = update.id.clone();
+      async move {
+        let log = match handle.await {
+          Ok(Err(e)) => {
+            warn!("/execute request {req_id} task error: {e:#}",);
+            Log::error("task error", format_serror(&e.into()))
+          }
+          Err(e) => {
+            warn!("/execute request {req_id} spawn error: {e:?}",);
+            Log::error("spawn error", format!("{e:#?}"))
+          }
+          _ => return,
+        };
+        let res = async {
+          let mut update =
+            find_one_by_id(&db_client().updates, &update_id)
+              .await
+              .context("failed to query to db")?
+              .context("no update exists with given id")?;
+          update.logs.push(log);
+          update.finalize();
+          update_update(update).await
+        }
+        .await;
+
+        if let Err(e) = res {
+          warn!(
+            "failed to update update with task error log | {e:#}"
+          );
+        }
+      }
+    });
+
+    Ok(ExecutionResult::Single(update))
+  })
 }

 #[instrument(
@@ -177,15 +251,14 @@ async fn task(
  info!("/execute request {req_id} | user: {}", user.username);
  let timer = Instant::now();

-  let res = State
-    .resolve_request(request, (user, update))
-    .await
-    .map_err(|e| match e {
-      resolver_api::Error::Serialization(e) => {
-        anyhow!("{e:?}").context("response serialization error")
-      }
-      resolver_api::Error::Inner(e) => e,
-    });
+  let res = match request.resolve(&ExecuteArgs { user, update }).await
+  {
+    Err(e) => Err(e.error),
+    Ok(JsonString::Err(e)) => Err(
+      anyhow::Error::from(e).context("failed to serialize response"),
+    ),
+    Ok(JsonString::Ok(res)) => Ok(res),
+  };

  if let Err(e) = &res {
    warn!("/execute request {req_id} error: {e:#}");
@@ -196,3 +269,40 @@ async fn task(

  res
 }
+
+trait BatchExecute {
+  type Resource: KomodoResource;
+  fn single_request(name: String) -> ExecuteRequest;
+}
+
+async fn batch_execute<E: BatchExecute>(
+  pattern: &str,
+  user: &User,
+) -> anyhow::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+  let resources = list_full_for_user_using_pattern::<E::Resource>(
+    pattern,
+    Default::default(),
+    user,
+    &[],
+  )
+  .await?;
+  let futures = resources.into_iter().map(|resource| {
+    let user = user.clone();
+    async move {
+      inner_handler(E::single_request(resource.name.clone()), user)
+        .await
+        .map(|r| {
+          let ExecutionResult::Single(update) = r else {
+            unreachable!()
+          };
+          update
+        })
+        .map_err(|e| BatchExecutionResponseItemErr {
+          name: resource.name,
+          error: e.into(),
+        })
+        .into()
+    }
+  });
+  Ok(join_all(futures).await)
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/procedure.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/procedure.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,17 @@
 use std::pin::Pin;

-use formatting::{bold, colored, format_serror, muted, Color};
+use formatting::{Color, bold, colored, format_serror, muted};
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::execute::RunProcedure,
+  api::execute::{
+    BatchExecutionResponse, BatchRunProcedure, RunProcedure,
+  },
  entities::{
-    permission::PermissionLevel, procedure::Procedure,
-    update::Update, user::User,
+    alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
+    komodo_timestamp,
+    permission::PermissionLevel,
+    procedure::Procedure,
+    update::Update,
+    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::to_document};
@@ -13,19 +19,44 @@ use resolver_api::Resolve;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;

 use crate::{
+  alert::send_alerts,
  helpers::{procedure::execute_procedure, update::update_update},
  resource::{self, refresh_procedure_state_cache},
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<RunProcedure, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RunProcedure", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+use super::{ExecuteArgs, ExecuteRequest};
+
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchRunProcedure {
+  type Resource = Procedure;
+  fn single_request(procedure: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::RunProcedure(RunProcedure { procedure })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchRunProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchRunProcedure", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RunProcedure { procedure }: RunProcedure,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    resolve_inner(procedure, user, update).await
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchRunProcedure>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RunProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "RunProcedure", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(
+      resolve_inner(self.procedure, user.clone(), update.clone())
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

@@ -111,6 +142,26 @@ fn resolve_inner(

    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

+    if !update.success && procedure.config.failure_alert {
+      warn!("procedure unsuccessful, alerting...");
+      let target = update.target.clone();
+      tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let alert = Alert {
+          id: Default::default(),
+          target,
+          ts: komodo_timestamp(),
+          resolved_ts: Some(komodo_timestamp()),
+          resolved: true,
+          level: SeverityLevel::Warning,
+          data: AlertData::ProcedureFailed {
+            id: procedure.id,
+            name: procedure.name,
+          },
+        };
+        send_alerts(&[alert]).await
+      });
+    }
+
    Ok(update)
  })
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/repo.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/repo.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 use std::{collections::HashSet, future::IntoFuture, time::Duration};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use formatting::format_serror;
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::execute::*,
+  api::{execute::*, write::RefreshRepoCache},
  entities::{
    alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
    builder::{Builder, BuilderConfig},
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
    repo::Repo,
    server::Server,
    update::{Log, Update},
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -28,6 +27,7 @@ use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;

 use crate::{
  alert::send_alerts,
+  api::write::WriteArgs,
  helpers::{
    builder::{cleanup_builder_instance, get_builder_periphery},
    channel::repo_cancel_channel,
@@ -42,21 +42,40 @@ use crate::{
    update::update_update,
  },
  resource::{self, refresh_repo_state_cache},
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
 };

-use super::ExecuteRequest;
+use super::{ExecuteArgs, ExecuteRequest};

-impl Resolve<CloneRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CloneRepo", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchCloneRepo {
+  type Resource = Repo;
+  fn single_request(repo: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::CloneRepo(CloneRepo { repo })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchCloneRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchCloneRepo", skip( user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CloneRepo { repo }: CloneRepo,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchCloneRepo>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for CloneRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "CloneRepo", skip( user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let mut repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -70,10 +89,11 @@ impl Resolve<CloneRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.cloning = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    if repo.config.server_id.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("repo has no server attached"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("repo has no server attached").into());
    }

    let git_token = git_token(
@@ -123,20 +143,51 @@ impl Resolve<CloneRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
      update_last_pulled_time(&repo.name).await;
    }

+    if let Err(e) = (RefreshRepoCache { repo: repo.id })
+      .resolve(&WriteArgs { user: user.clone() })
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
+      .context("Failed to refresh repo cache")
+    {
+      update.push_error_log(
+        "Refresh Repo cache",
+        format_serror(&e.into()),
+      );
+    };
+
    handle_server_update_return(update).await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PullRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PullRepo", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchPullRepo {
+  type Resource = Repo;
+  fn single_request(repo: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::CloneRepo(CloneRepo { repo })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchPullRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchPullRepo", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PullRepo { repo }: PullRepo,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchPullRepo>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PullRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "PullRepo", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let mut repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -150,10 +201,12 @@ impl Resolve<PullRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pulling = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    if repo.config.server_id.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("repo has no server attached"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("repo has no server attached").into());
    }

    let git_token = git_token(
@@ -207,6 +260,18 @@ impl Resolve<PullRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
      update_last_pulled_time(&repo.name).await;
    }

+    if let Err(e) = (RefreshRepoCache { repo: repo.id })
+      .resolve(&WriteArgs { user: user.clone() })
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
+      .context("Failed to refresh repo cache")
+    {
+      update.push_error_log(
+        "Refresh Repo cache",
+        format_serror(&e.into()),
+      );
+    };
+
    handle_server_update_return(update).await
  }
 }
@@ -214,7 +279,7 @@ impl Resolve<PullRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
 #[instrument(skip_all, fields(update_id = update.id))]
 async fn handle_server_update_return(
  update: Update,
-) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+) -> serror::Result<Update> {
  // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
  // and before broadcast with add_update.
  // The Err case of to_document should be unreachable,
@@ -249,22 +314,41 @@ async fn update_last_pulled_time(repo_name: &str) {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<BuildRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "BuildRepo", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchBuildRepo {
+  type Resource = Repo;
+  fn single_request(repo: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::CloneRepo(CloneRepo { repo })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchBuildRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchBuildRepo", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    BuildRepo { repo }: BuildRepo,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchBuildRepo>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BuildRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "BuildRepo", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let mut repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

    if repo.config.builder_id.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Must attach builder to BuildRepo"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Must attach builder to BuildRepo").into());
    }

    // get the action state for the repo (or insert default).
@@ -276,6 +360,7 @@ impl Resolve<BuildRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.building = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let git_token = git_token(
@@ -377,7 +462,7 @@ impl Resolve<BuildRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
      _ = cancel.cancelled() => {
        debug!("build cancelled during clone, cleaning up builder");
        update.push_error_log("build cancelled", String::from("user cancelled build during repo clone"));
-        cleanup_builder_instance(periphery, cleanup_data, &mut update)
+        cleanup_builder_instance(cleanup_data, &mut update)
          .await;
        info!("builder cleaned up");
        return handle_builder_early_return(update, repo.id, repo.name, true).await
@@ -421,8 +506,9 @@ impl Resolve<BuildRepo, (User, Update)> for State {
    // stop the cancel listening task from going forever
    cancel.cancel();

-    cleanup_builder_instance(periphery, cleanup_data, &mut update)
-      .await;
+    // If building on temporary cloud server (AWS),
+    // this will terminate the server.
+    cleanup_builder_instance(cleanup_data, &mut update).await;

    // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
    // and before broadcast with add_update.
@@ -471,7 +557,7 @@ async fn handle_builder_early_return(
  repo_id: String,
  repo_name: String,
  is_cancel: bool,
-) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+) -> serror::Result<Update> {
  update.finalize();
  // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
  // and before broadcast with add_update.
@@ -559,16 +645,15 @@ pub async fn validate_cancel_repo_build(
  Ok(())
 }

-impl Resolve<CancelRepoBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CancelRepoBuild", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for CancelRepoBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "CancelRepoBuild", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CancelRepoBuild { repo }: CancelRepoBuild,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -581,9 +666,11 @@ impl Resolve<CancelRepoBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      .and_then(|s| s.get().ok().map(|s| s.building))
      .unwrap_or_default()
    {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Repo is not building."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Repo is not building.").into());
    }

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update.push_simple_log(
      "cancel triggered",
      "the repo build cancel has been triggered",
@@ -609,7 +696,9 @@ impl Resolve<CancelRepoBuild, (User, Update)> for State {
      )
      .await
      {
-        warn!("failed to set CancelRepoBuild Update status Complete after timeout | {e:#}")
+        warn!(
+          "failed to set CancelRepoBuild Update status Complete after timeout | {e:#}"
+        )
      }
    });

--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/server.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/server.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    server::Server,
    update::{Log, Update},
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use periphery_client::api;
@@ -17,19 +16,20 @@ use crate::{
  helpers::{periphery_client, update::update_update},
  monitor::update_cache_for_server,
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, State},
+  state::action_states,
 };

-impl Resolve<StartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
+use super::ExecuteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StartContainer {
  #[instrument(name = "StartContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StartContainer { server, container }: StartContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -45,13 +45,17 @@ impl Resolve<StartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.starting_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::container::StartContainer { name: container })
+      .request(api::container::StartContainer {
+        name: self.container,
+      })
      .await
    {
      Ok(log) => log,
@@ -71,16 +75,15 @@ impl Resolve<StartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RestartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RestartContainer {
  #[instrument(name = "RestartContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RestartContainer { server, container }: RestartContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -96,13 +99,17 @@ impl Resolve<RestartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.restarting_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::container::RestartContainer { name: container })
+      .request(api::container::RestartContainer {
+        name: self.container,
+      })
      .await
    {
      Ok(log) => log,
@@ -124,16 +131,15 @@ impl Resolve<RestartContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PauseContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PauseContainer {
+  #[instrument(name = "PauseContainer", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PauseContainer { server, container }: PauseContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -149,13 +155,17 @@ impl Resolve<PauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pausing_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::container::PauseContainer { name: container })
+      .request(api::container::PauseContainer {
+        name: self.container,
+      })
      .await
    {
      Ok(log) => log,
@@ -175,16 +185,15 @@ impl Resolve<PauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UnpauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for UnpauseContainer {
+  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseContainer", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UnpauseContainer { server, container }: UnpauseContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -200,13 +209,17 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.unpausing_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::container::UnpauseContainer { name: container })
+      .request(api::container::UnpauseContainer {
+        name: self.container,
+      })
      .await
    {
      Ok(log) => log,
@@ -228,21 +241,15 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StopContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StopContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StopContainer {
+  #[instrument(name = "StopContainer", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StopContainer {
-      server,
-      container,
-      signal,
-      time,
-    }: StopContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -258,6 +265,8 @@ impl Resolve<StopContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.stopping_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

@@ -265,9 +274,9 @@ impl Resolve<StopContainer, (User, Update)> for State {

    let log = match periphery
      .request(api::container::StopContainer {
-        name: container,
-        signal,
-        time,
+        name: self.container,
+        signal: self.signal,
+        time: self.time,
      })
      .await
    {
@@ -288,21 +297,21 @@ impl Resolve<StopContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DestroyContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DestroyContainer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DestroyContainer {
+  #[instrument(name = "DestroyContainer", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DestroyContainer {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let DestroyContainer {
      server,
      container,
      signal,
      time,
-    }: DestroyContainer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    } = self;
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
      &server,
-      &user,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -318,6 +327,8 @@ impl Resolve<DestroyContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update after setting action state, this way frontend gets correct state.
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

@@ -348,16 +359,15 @@ impl Resolve<DestroyContainer, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StartAllContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StartAllContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "StartAllContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StartAllContainers { server }: StartAllContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -373,6 +383,8 @@ impl Resolve<StartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.starting_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let logs = periphery_client(&server)?
@@ -397,16 +409,15 @@ impl Resolve<StartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RestartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RestartAllContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RestartAllContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "RestartAllContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RestartAllContainers { server }: RestartAllContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -422,10 +433,12 @@ impl Resolve<RestartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.restarting_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let logs = periphery_client(&server)?
-      .request(api::container::StartAllContainers {})
+      .request(api::container::RestartAllContainers {})
      .await
      .context("failed to restart all containers on host")?;

@@ -448,16 +461,15 @@ impl Resolve<RestartAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PauseAllContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PauseAllContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "PauseAllContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PauseAllContainers { server }: PauseAllContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -473,6 +485,8 @@ impl Resolve<PauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pausing_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let logs = periphery_client(&server)?
@@ -497,16 +511,15 @@ impl Resolve<PauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UnpauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseAllContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for UnpauseAllContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseAllContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UnpauseAllContainers { server }: UnpauseAllContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -520,12 +533,14 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    // Will check to ensure server not already busy before updating, and return Err if so.
    // The returned guard will set the action state back to default when dropped.
    let _action_guard = action_state
-      .update(|state| state.starting_containers = true)?;
+      .update(|state| state.unpausing_containers = true)?;
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();

    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let logs = periphery_client(&server)?
-      .request(api::container::StartAllContainers {})
+      .request(api::container::UnpauseAllContainers {})
      .await
      .context("failed to unpause all containers on host")?;

@@ -548,16 +563,15 @@ impl Resolve<UnpauseAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StopAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StopAllContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StopAllContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "StopAllContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StopAllContainers { server }: StopAllContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -573,6 +587,8 @@ impl Resolve<StopAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard = action_state
      .update(|state| state.stopping_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let logs = periphery_client(&server)?
@@ -597,16 +613,15 @@ impl Resolve<StopAllContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneContainers", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneContainers {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneContainers", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneContainers { server }: PruneContainers,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -622,6 +637,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_containers = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -652,37 +669,43 @@ impl Resolve<PruneContainers, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteNetwork, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteNetwork", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DeleteNetwork {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteNetwork", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteNetwork { server, name }: DeleteNetwork,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::network::DeleteNetwork { name: name.clone() })
+      .request(api::network::DeleteNetwork {
+        name: self.name.clone(),
+      })
      .await
      .context(format!(
-        "failed to delete network {name} on server {}",
-        server.name
+        "failed to delete network {} on server {}",
+        self.name, server.name
      )) {
      Ok(log) => log,
      Err(e) => Log::error(
        "delete network",
        format_serror(
-          &e.context(format!("failed to delete network {name}"))
-            .into(),
+          &e.context(format!(
+            "failed to delete network {}",
+            self.name
+          ))
+          .into(),
        ),
      ),
    };
@@ -697,16 +720,15 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteNetwork, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneNetworks, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneNetworks", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneNetworks {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneNetworks", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneNetworks { server }: PruneNetworks,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -722,6 +744,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneNetworks, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_networks = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -750,36 +774,40 @@ impl Resolve<PruneNetworks, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteImage, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteImage", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DeleteImage {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteImage", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteImage { server, name }: DeleteImage,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::image::DeleteImage { name: name.clone() })
+      .request(api::image::DeleteImage {
+        name: self.name.clone(),
+      })
      .await
      .context(format!(
-        "failed to delete image {name} on server {}",
-        server.name
+        "failed to delete image {} on server {}",
+        self.name, server.name
      )) {
      Ok(log) => log,
      Err(e) => Log::error(
        "delete image",
        format_serror(
-          &e.context(format!("failed to delete image {name}")).into(),
+          &e.context(format!("failed to delete image {}", self.name))
+            .into(),
        ),
      ),
    };
@@ -794,16 +822,15 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteImage, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneImages, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneImages", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneImages {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneImages", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneImages { server }: PruneImages,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -819,6 +846,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneImages, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_images = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -845,37 +874,43 @@ impl Resolve<PruneImages, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteVolume, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteVolume", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DeleteVolume {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteVolume", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteVolume { server, name }: DeleteVolume,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let log = match periphery
-      .request(api::volume::DeleteVolume { name: name.clone() })
+      .request(api::volume::DeleteVolume {
+        name: self.name.clone(),
+      })
      .await
      .context(format!(
-        "failed to delete volume {name} on server {}",
-        server.name
+        "failed to delete volume {} on server {}",
+        self.name, server.name
      )) {
      Ok(log) => log,
      Err(e) => Log::error(
        "delete volume",
        format_serror(
-          &e.context(format!("failed to delete volume {name}"))
-            .into(),
+          &e.context(format!(
+            "failed to delete volume {}",
+            self.name
+          ))
+          .into(),
        ),
      ),
    };
@@ -890,16 +925,15 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteVolume, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneVolumes, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneVolumes", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneVolumes {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneVolumes", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneVolumes { server }: PruneVolumes,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -915,6 +949,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneVolumes, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_volumes = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -941,16 +977,15 @@ impl Resolve<PruneVolumes, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneDockerBuilders, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneDockerBuilders", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneDockerBuilders {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneDockerBuilders", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneDockerBuilders { server }: PruneDockerBuilders,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -966,6 +1001,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneDockerBuilders, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_builders = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -992,16 +1029,15 @@ impl Resolve<PruneDockerBuilders, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneBuildx, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneBuildx", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneBuildx {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneBuildx", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneBuildx { server }: PruneBuildx,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -1017,6 +1053,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneBuildx, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_buildx = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
@@ -1043,16 +1081,15 @@ impl Resolve<PruneBuildx, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PruneSystem, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PruneSystem", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PruneSystem {
+  #[instrument(name = "PruneSystem", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PruneSystem { server }: PruneSystem,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -1068,6 +1105,8 @@ impl Resolve<PruneSystem, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.pruning_system = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/server_template.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/server_template.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use formatting::format_serror;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::{execute::LaunchServer, write::CreateServer},
@@ -7,51 +7,51 @@ use komodo_client::{
    server::PartialServerConfig,
    server_template::{ServerTemplate, ServerTemplateConfig},
    update::Update,
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  api::write::WriteArgs,
  cloud::{
    aws::ec2::launch_ec2_instance, hetzner::launch_hetzner_server,
  },
  helpers::update::update_update,
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<LaunchServer, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "LaunchServer", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+use super::ExecuteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for LaunchServer {
+  #[instrument(name = "LaunchServer", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    LaunchServer {
-      name,
-      server_template,
-    }: LaunchServer,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    // validate name isn't already taken by another server
    if db_client()
      .servers
      .find_one(doc! {
-        "name": &name
+        "name": &self.name
      })
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for servers")?
      .is_some()
    {
-      return Err(anyhow!("name is already taken"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("name is already taken").into());
    }

    let template = resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
-      &server_template,
-      &user,
+      &self.server_template,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update.push_simple_log(
      "launching server",
      format!("{:#?}", template.config),
@@ -63,24 +63,24 @@ impl Resolve<LaunchServer, (User, Update)> for State {
        let region = config.region.clone();
        let use_https = config.use_https;
        let port = config.port;
-        let instance = match launch_ec2_instance(&name, config).await
-        {
-          Ok(instance) => instance,
-          Err(e) => {
-            update.push_error_log(
-              "launch server",
-              format!("failed to launch aws instance\n\n{e:#?}"),
-            );
-            update.finalize();
-            update_update(update.clone()).await?;
-            return Ok(update);
-          }
-        };
+        let instance =
+          match launch_ec2_instance(&self.name, config).await {
+            Ok(instance) => instance,
+            Err(e) => {
+              update.push_error_log(
+                "launch server",
+                format!("failed to launch aws instance\n\n{e:#?}"),
+              );
+              update.finalize();
+              update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+              return Ok(update);
+            }
+          };
        update.push_simple_log(
          "launch server",
          format!(
-            "successfully launched server {name} on ip {}",
-            instance.ip
+            "successfully launched server {} on ip {}",
+            self.name, instance.ip
          ),
        );
        let protocol = if use_https { "https" } else { "http" };
@@ -95,24 +95,24 @@ impl Resolve<LaunchServer, (User, Update)> for State {
        let datacenter = config.datacenter;
        let use_https = config.use_https;
        let port = config.port;
-        let server = match launch_hetzner_server(&name, config).await
-        {
-          Ok(server) => server,
-          Err(e) => {
-            update.push_error_log(
-              "launch server",
-              format!("failed to launch hetzner server\n\n{e:#?}"),
-            );
-            update.finalize();
-            update_update(update.clone()).await?;
-            return Ok(update);
-          }
-        };
+        let server =
+          match launch_hetzner_server(&self.name, config).await {
+            Ok(server) => server,
+            Err(e) => {
+              update.push_error_log(
+                "launch server",
+                format!("failed to launch hetzner server\n\n{e:#?}"),
+              );
+              update.finalize();
+              update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+              return Ok(update);
+            }
+          };
        update.push_simple_log(
          "launch server",
          format!(
-            "successfully launched server {name} on ip {}",
-            server.ip
+            "successfully launched server {} on ip {}",
+            self.name, server.ip
          ),
        );
        let protocol = if use_https { "https" } else { "http" };
@@ -125,7 +125,13 @@ impl Resolve<LaunchServer, (User, Update)> for State {
      }
    };

-    match self.resolve(CreateServer { name, config }, user).await {
+    match (CreateServer {
+      name: self.name,
+      config,
+    })
+    .resolve(&WriteArgs { user: user.clone() })
+    .await
+    {
      Ok(server) => {
        update.push_simple_log(
          "create server",
@@ -136,7 +142,9 @@ impl Resolve<LaunchServer, (User, Update)> for State {
      Err(e) => {
        update.push_error_log(
          "create server",
-          format_serror(&e.context("failed to create server").into()),
+          format_serror(
+            &e.error.context("failed to create server").into(),
+          ),
        );
      }
    };
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/stack.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/stack.rs
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ use komodo_client::{
  api::{execute::*, write::RefreshStackCache},
  entities::{
    permission::PermissionLevel,
+    server::Server,
    stack::{Stack, StackInfo},
-    update::Update,
-    user::User,
+    update::{Log, Update},
  },
 };
 use mungos::mongodb::bson::{doc, to_document};
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ use periphery_client::api::compose::*;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  api::write::WriteArgs,
  helpers::{
    interpolate::{
      add_interp_update_log,
@@ -29,23 +30,45 @@ use crate::{
  },
  monitor::update_cache_for_server,
  resource,
-  stack::{
-    execute::execute_compose, get_stack_and_server,
-    services::extract_services_into_res,
-  },
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  stack::{execute::execute_compose, get_stack_and_server},
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeployStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+use super::{ExecuteArgs, ExecuteRequest};
+
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchDeployStack {
+  type Resource = Stack;
+  fn single_request(stack: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::DeployStack(DeployStack {
+      stack,
+      services: Vec::new(),
+      stop_time: None,
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchDeployStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchDeployStack", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeployStack { stack, stop_time }: DeployStack,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchDeployStack>(&self.pattern, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DeployStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeployStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let (mut stack, server) = get_stack_and_server(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
      true,
    )
@@ -60,8 +83,20 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.deploying = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

+    if !self.services.is_empty() {
+      update.logs.push(Log::simple(
+        "Service/s",
+        format!(
+          "Execution requested for Stack service/s {}",
+          self.services.join(", ")
+        ),
+      ))
+    }
+
    let git_token = crate::helpers::git_token(
      &stack.config.git_provider,
      &stack.config.git_account,
@@ -85,6 +120,13 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
      let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
      let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();

+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut stack.config.file_contents,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
        &vars_and_secrets,
        &mut stack.config.environment,
@@ -113,6 +155,13 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
        &mut secret_replacers,
      )?;

+      interpolate_variables_secrets_into_system_command(
+        &vars_and_secrets,
+        &mut stack.config.post_deploy,
+        &mut global_replacers,
+        &mut secret_replacers,
+      )?;
+
      add_interp_update_log(
        &mut update,
        &global_replacers,
@@ -127,15 +176,17 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
    let ComposeUpResponse {
      logs,
      deployed,
+      services,
      file_contents,
      missing_files,
      remote_errors,
+      compose_config,
      commit_hash,
      commit_message,
    } = periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(ComposeUp {
        stack: stack.clone(),
-        service: None,
+        services: self.services,
        git_token,
        registry_token,
        replacers: secret_replacers.into_iter().collect(),
@@ -145,24 +196,11 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
    update.logs.extend(logs);

    let update_info = async {
-      let latest_services = if !file_contents.is_empty() {
-        let mut services = Vec::new();
-        for contents in &file_contents {
-          if let Err(e) = extract_services_into_res(
-            &stack.project_name(true),
-            &contents.contents,
-            &mut services,
-          ) {
-            update.push_error_log(
-              "extract services",
-              format_serror(&e.context(format!("Failed to extract stack services for compose file path {}. Things probably won't work correctly", contents.path)).into())
-            );
-          }
-        }
-        services
-      } else {
+      let latest_services = if services.is_empty() {
        // maybe better to do something else here for services.
        stack.info.latest_services.clone()
+      } else {
+        services
      };

      // This ensures to get the latest project name,
@@ -172,12 +210,14 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
      let (
        deployed_services,
        deployed_contents,
+        deployed_config,
        deployed_hash,
        deployed_message,
      ) = if deployed {
        (
          Some(latest_services.clone()),
          Some(file_contents.clone()),
+          compose_config,
          commit_hash.clone(),
          commit_message.clone(),
        )
@@ -185,6 +225,7 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
        (
          stack.info.deployed_services,
          stack.info.deployed_contents,
+          stack.info.deployed_config,
          stack.info.deployed_hash,
          stack.info.deployed_message,
        )
@@ -195,6 +236,7 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
        deployed_project_name: project_name.into(),
        deployed_services,
        deployed_contents,
+        deployed_config,
        deployed_hash,
        deployed_message,
        latest_services,
@@ -246,26 +288,49 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStack, (User, Update)> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeployStackIfChanged, (User, Update)> for State {
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchDeployStackIfChanged {
+  type Resource = Stack;
+  fn single_request(stack: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::DeployStackIfChanged(DeployStackIfChanged {
+      stack,
+      stop_time: None,
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchDeployStackIfChanged {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchDeployStackIfChanged", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeployStackIfChanged { stack, stop_time }: DeployStackIfChanged,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      super::batch_execute::<BatchDeployStackIfChanged>(
+        &self.pattern,
+        user,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DeployStackIfChanged {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeployStackIfChanged", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
-    State
-      .resolve(
-        RefreshStackCache {
-          stack: stack.id.clone(),
-        },
-        user.clone(),
-      )
-      .await?;
+    RefreshStackCache {
+      stack: stack.id.clone(),
+    }
+    .resolve(&WriteArgs { user: user.clone() })
+    .await?;
    let stack = resource::get::<Stack>(&stack.id).await?;
    let changed = match (
      &stack.info.deployed_contents,
@@ -292,6 +357,8 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStackIfChanged, (User, Update)> for State {
      _ => false,
    };

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    if !changed {
      update.push_simple_log(
        "Diff compose files",
@@ -305,138 +372,275 @@ impl Resolve<DeployStackIfChanged, (User, Update)> for State {
    // This is usually done in crate::helpers::update::init_execution_update.
    update.id = add_update_without_send(&update).await?;

-    State
-      .resolve(
-        DeployStack {
-          stack: stack.name,
-          stop_time,
-        },
-        (user, update),
-      )
-      .await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<StartStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StartStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StartStack { stack, service }: StartStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    execute_compose::<StartStack>(
-      &stack,
-      service,
-      &user,
-      |state| state.starting = true,
+    DeployStack {
+      stack: stack.name,
+      services: Vec::new(),
+      stop_time: self.stop_time,
+    }
+    .resolve(&ExecuteArgs {
+      user: user.clone(),
      update,
-      (),
-    )
+    })
    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RestartStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RestartStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+pub async fn pull_stack_inner(
+  mut stack: Stack,
+  services: Vec<String>,
+  server: &Server,
+  mut update: Option<&mut Update>,
+) -> anyhow::Result<ComposePullResponse> {
+  if let Some(update) = update.as_mut() {
+    if !services.is_empty() {
+      update.logs.push(Log::simple(
+        "Service/s",
+        format!(
+          "Execution requested for Stack service/s {}",
+          services.join(", ")
+        ),
+      ))
+    }
+  }
+
+  let git_token = crate::helpers::git_token(
+      &stack.config.git_provider,
+      &stack.config.git_account,
+      |https| stack.config.git_https = https,
+    ).await.with_context(
+      || format!("Failed to get git token in call to db. Stopping run. | {} | {}", stack.config.git_provider, stack.config.git_account),
+    )?;
+
+  let registry_token = crate::helpers::registry_token(
+      &stack.config.registry_provider,
+      &stack.config.registry_account,
+    ).await.with_context(
+      || format!("Failed to get registry token in call to db. Stopping run. | {} | {}", stack.config.registry_provider, stack.config.registry_account),
+    )?;
+
+  // interpolate variables / secrets
+  if !stack.config.skip_secret_interp {
+    let vars_and_secrets = get_variables_and_secrets().await?;
+
+    let mut global_replacers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut secret_replacers = HashSet::new();
+
+    interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+      &vars_and_secrets,
+      &mut stack.config.file_contents,
+      &mut global_replacers,
+      &mut secret_replacers,
+    )?;
+
+    interpolate_variables_secrets_into_string(
+      &vars_and_secrets,
+      &mut stack.config.environment,
+      &mut global_replacers,
+      &mut secret_replacers,
+    )?;
+
+    if let Some(update) = update {
+      add_interp_update_log(
+        update,
+        &global_replacers,
+        &secret_replacers,
+      );
+    }
+  };
+
+  let res = periphery_client(server)?
+    .request(ComposePull {
+      stack,
+      services,
+      git_token,
+      registry_token,
+    })
+    .await?;
+
+  // Ensure cached stack state up to date by updating server cache
+  update_cache_for_server(server).await;
+
+  Ok(res)
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PullStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "PullStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RestartStack { stack, service }: RestartStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let (stack, server) = get_stack_and_server(
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Execute,
+      true,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    // get the action state for the stack (or insert default).
+    let action_state =
+      action_states().stack.get_or_insert_default(&stack.id).await;
+
+    // Will check to ensure stack not already busy before updating, and return Err if so.
+    // The returned guard will set the action state back to default when dropped.
+    let _action_guard =
+      action_state.update(|state| state.pulling = true)?;
+
+    let mut update = update.clone();
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    let res = pull_stack_inner(
+      stack,
+      self.services,
+      &server,
+      Some(&mut update),
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    update.logs.extend(res.logs);
+    update.finalize();
+    update_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    Ok(update)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StartStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "StartStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    execute_compose::<StartStack>(
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
+      |state| state.starting = true,
+      update.clone(),
+      (),
+    )
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RestartStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "RestartStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    execute_compose::<RestartStack>(
-      &stack,
-      service,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
      |state| {
        state.restarting = true;
      },
-      update,
+      update.clone(),
      (),
    )
    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<PauseStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "PauseStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for PauseStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "PauseStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PauseStack { stack, service }: PauseStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    execute_compose::<PauseStack>(
-      &stack,
-      service,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
      |state| state.pausing = true,
-      update,
+      update.clone(),
      (),
    )
    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UnpauseStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for UnpauseStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "UnpauseStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UnpauseStack { stack, service }: UnpauseStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    execute_compose::<UnpauseStack>(
-      &stack,
-      service,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
      |state| state.unpausing = true,
-      update,
+      update.clone(),
      (),
    )
    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<StopStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "StopStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for StopStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "StopStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    StopStack {
-      stack,
-      stop_time,
-      service,
-    }: StopStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    execute_compose::<StopStack>(
-      &stack,
-      service,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
      |state| state.stopping = true,
-      update,
-      stop_time,
+      update.clone(),
+      self.stop_time,
    )
    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DestroyStack, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DestroyStack", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DestroyStack {
+impl super::BatchExecute for BatchDestroyStack {
+  type Resource = Stack;
+  fn single_request(stack: String) -> ExecuteRequest {
+    ExecuteRequest::DestroyStack(DestroyStack {
      stack,
-      remove_orphans,
-      stop_time,
-    }: DestroyStack,
-    (user, update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    execute_compose::<DestroyStack>(
-      &stack,
-      None,
-      &user,
-      |state| state.destroying = true,
-      update,
-      (stop_time, remove_orphans),
-    )
-    .await
+      services: Vec::new(),
+      remove_orphans: false,
+      stop_time: None,
+    })
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for BatchDestroyStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "BatchDestroyStack", skip(user), fields(user_id = user.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, .. }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BatchExecutionResponse> {
+    super::batch_execute::<BatchDestroyStack>(&self.pattern, user)
+      .await
+      .map_err(Into::into)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for DestroyStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "DestroyStack", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    execute_compose::<DestroyStack>(
+      &self.stack,
+      self.services,
+      user,
+      |state| state.destroying = true,
+      update.clone(),
+      (self.stop_time, self.remove_orphans),
+    )
+    .await
+    .map_err(Into::into)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/execute/sync.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/execute/sync.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 use std::{collections::HashMap, str::FromStr};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use formatting::{colored, format_serror, Color};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use formatting::{Color, colored, format_serror};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::{execute::RunSync, write::RefreshResourceSyncPending},
  entities::{
-    self,
+    self, ResourceTargetVariant,
+    action::Action,
    alerter::Alerter,
    build::Build,
    builder::Builder,
@@ -19,45 +20,44 @@ use komodo_client::{
    stack::Stack,
    sync::ResourceSync,
    update::{Log, Update},
-    user::{sync_user, User},
-    ResourceTargetVariant,
+    user::sync_user,
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
-use mungos::{
-  by_id::update_one_by_id,
-  mongodb::bson::{oid::ObjectId, to_document},
-};
+use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::oid::ObjectId};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  api::write::WriteArgs,
  helpers::{query::get_id_to_tags, update::update_update},
-  resource::{self, refresh_resource_sync_state_cache},
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  resource,
+  state::{action_states, db_client},
  sync::{
-    deploy::{
-      build_deploy_cache, deploy_from_cache, SyncDeployParams,
-    },
-    execute::{get_updates_for_execution, ExecuteResourceSync},
-    remote::RemoteResources,
    AllResourcesById, ResourceSyncTrait,
+    deploy::{
+      SyncDeployParams, build_deploy_cache, deploy_from_cache,
+    },
+    execute::{ExecuteResourceSync, get_updates_for_execution},
+    remote::RemoteResources,
  },
 };

-impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RunSync", skip(self, user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
+use super::ExecuteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ExecuteArgs> for RunSync {
+  #[instrument(name = "RunSync", skip(user, update), fields(user_id = user.id, update_id = update.id))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RunSync {
+    self,
+    ExecuteArgs { user, update }: &ExecuteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let RunSync {
      sync,
      resource_type: match_resource_type,
      resources: match_resources,
-    }: RunSync,
-    (user, mut update): (User, Update),
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    } = self;
    let sync = resource::get_check_permissions::<
      entities::sync::ResourceSync,
-    >(&sync, &user, PermissionLevel::Execute)
+    >(&sync, user, PermissionLevel::Execute)
    .await?;

    // get the action state for the sync (or insert default).
@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.syncing = true)?;

+    let mut update = update.clone();
+
    // Send update here for FE to recheck action state
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

@@ -89,7 +91,9 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    if !file_errors.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Found file errors. Cannot execute sync."));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Found file errors. Cannot execute sync.").into(),
+      );
    }

    let resources = resources?;
@@ -126,6 +130,10 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
                .procedures
                .get(&name_or_id)
                .map(|p| p.name.clone()),
+              ResourceTargetVariant::Action => all_resources
+                .actions
+                .get(&name_or_id)
+                .map(|p| p.name.clone()),
              ResourceTargetVariant::Repo => all_resources
                .repos
                .get(&name_or_id)
@@ -198,7 +206,7 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {

    let delete = sync.config.managed || sync.config.delete;

-    let (servers_to_create, servers_to_update, servers_to_delete) =
+    let server_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Server>(
        resources.servers,
        delete,
@@ -208,22 +216,11 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (
-      deployments_to_create,
-      deployments_to_update,
-      deployments_to_delete,
-    ) = get_updates_for_execution::<Deployment>(
-      resources.deployments,
-      delete,
-      &all_resources,
-      match_resource_type,
-      match_resources.as_deref(),
-      &id_to_tags,
-      &sync.config.match_tags,
-    )
-    .await?;
-    let (stacks_to_create, stacks_to_update, stacks_to_delete) =
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let stack_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Stack>(
        resources.stacks,
        delete,
@@ -233,8 +230,25 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (builds_to_create, builds_to_update, builds_to_delete) =
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let deployment_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
+      get_updates_for_execution::<Deployment>(
+        resources.deployments,
+        delete,
+        &all_resources,
+        match_resource_type,
+        match_resources.as_deref(),
+        &id_to_tags,
+        &sync.config.match_tags,
+      )
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let build_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Build>(
        resources.builds,
        delete,
@@ -244,8 +258,11 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (repos_to_create, repos_to_update, repos_to_delete) =
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let repo_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Repo>(
        resources.repos,
        delete,
@@ -255,22 +272,39 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (
-      procedures_to_create,
-      procedures_to_update,
-      procedures_to_delete,
-    ) = get_updates_for_execution::<Procedure>(
-      resources.procedures,
-      delete,
-      &all_resources,
-      match_resource_type,
-      match_resources.as_deref(),
-      &id_to_tags,
-      &sync.config.match_tags,
-    )
-    .await?;
-    let (builders_to_create, builders_to_update, builders_to_delete) =
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let procedure_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
+      get_updates_for_execution::<Procedure>(
+        resources.procedures,
+        delete,
+        &all_resources,
+        match_resource_type,
+        match_resources.as_deref(),
+        &id_to_tags,
+        &sync.config.match_tags,
+      )
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let action_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
+      get_updates_for_execution::<Action>(
+        resources.actions,
+        delete,
+        &all_resources,
+        match_resource_type,
+        match_resources.as_deref(),
+        &id_to_tags,
+        &sync.config.match_tags,
+      )
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let builder_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Builder>(
        resources.builders,
        delete,
@@ -280,8 +314,11 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (alerters_to_create, alerters_to_update, alerters_to_delete) =
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let alerter_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
      get_updates_for_execution::<Alerter>(
        resources.alerters,
        delete,
@@ -291,35 +328,38 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
        &id_to_tags,
        &sync.config.match_tags,
      )
-      .await?;
-    let (
-      server_templates_to_create,
-      server_templates_to_update,
-      server_templates_to_delete,
-    ) = get_updates_for_execution::<ServerTemplate>(
-      resources.server_templates,
-      delete,
-      &all_resources,
-      match_resource_type,
-      match_resources.as_deref(),
-      &id_to_tags,
-      &sync.config.match_tags,
-    )
-    .await?;
-    let (
-      resource_syncs_to_create,
-      resource_syncs_to_update,
-      resource_syncs_to_delete,
-    ) = get_updates_for_execution::<entities::sync::ResourceSync>(
-      resources.resource_syncs,
-      delete,
-      &all_resources,
-      match_resource_type,
-      match_resources.as_deref(),
-      &id_to_tags,
-      &sync.config.match_tags,
-    )
-    .await?;
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let server_template_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
+      get_updates_for_execution::<ServerTemplate>(
+        resources.server_templates,
+        delete,
+        &all_resources,
+        match_resource_type,
+        match_resources.as_deref(),
+        &id_to_tags,
+        &sync.config.match_tags,
+      )
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };
+    let resource_sync_deltas = if sync.config.include_resources {
+      get_updates_for_execution::<entities::sync::ResourceSync>(
+        resources.resource_syncs,
+        delete,
+        &all_resources,
+        match_resource_type,
+        match_resources.as_deref(),
+        &id_to_tags,
+        &sync.config.match_tags,
+      )
+      .await?
+    } else {
+      Default::default()
+    };

    let (
      variables_to_create,
@@ -327,12 +367,11 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
      variables_to_delete,
    ) = if match_resource_type.is_none()
      && match_resources.is_none()
-      && sync.config.match_tags.is_empty()
+      && sync.config.include_variables
    {
      crate::sync::variables::get_updates_for_execution(
        resources.variables,
-        // Delete doesn't work with variables when match tags are set
-        sync.config.match_tags.is_empty() && delete,
+        delete,
      )
      .await?
    } else {
@@ -344,12 +383,11 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
      user_groups_to_delete,
    ) = if match_resource_type.is_none()
      && match_resources.is_none()
-      && sync.config.match_tags.is_empty()
+      && sync.config.include_user_groups
    {
      crate::sync::user_groups::get_updates_for_execution(
        resources.user_groups,
-        // Delete doesn't work with user groups when match tags are set
-        sync.config.match_tags.is_empty() && delete,
+        delete,
        &all_resources,
      )
      .await?
@@ -358,36 +396,17 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
    };

    if deploy_cache.is_empty()
-      && resource_syncs_to_create.is_empty()
-      && resource_syncs_to_update.is_empty()
-      && resource_syncs_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && server_templates_to_create.is_empty()
-      && server_templates_to_update.is_empty()
-      && server_templates_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && servers_to_create.is_empty()
-      && servers_to_update.is_empty()
-      && servers_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && deployments_to_create.is_empty()
-      && deployments_to_update.is_empty()
-      && deployments_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && stacks_to_create.is_empty()
-      && stacks_to_update.is_empty()
-      && stacks_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && builds_to_create.is_empty()
-      && builds_to_update.is_empty()
-      && builds_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && builders_to_create.is_empty()
-      && builders_to_update.is_empty()
-      && builders_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && alerters_to_create.is_empty()
-      && alerters_to_update.is_empty()
-      && alerters_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && repos_to_create.is_empty()
-      && repos_to_update.is_empty()
-      && repos_to_delete.is_empty()
-      && procedures_to_create.is_empty()
-      && procedures_to_update.is_empty()
-      && procedures_to_delete.is_empty()
+      && resource_sync_deltas.no_changes()
+      && server_template_deltas.no_changes()
+      && server_deltas.no_changes()
+      && deployment_deltas.no_changes()
+      && stack_deltas.no_changes()
+      && build_deltas.no_changes()
+      && builder_deltas.no_changes()
+      && alerter_deltas.no_changes()
+      && repo_deltas.no_changes()
+      && procedure_deltas.no_changes()
+      && action_deltas.no_changes()
      && user_groups_to_create.is_empty()
      && user_groups_to_update.is_empty()
      && user_groups_to_delete.is_empty()
@@ -430,102 +449,57 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
    );
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      ResourceSync::execute_sync_updates(
-        resource_syncs_to_create,
-        resource_syncs_to_update,
-        resource_syncs_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      ResourceSync::execute_sync_updates(resource_sync_deltas).await,
    );
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      ServerTemplate::execute_sync_updates(
-        server_templates_to_create,
-        server_templates_to_update,
-        server_templates_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      ServerTemplate::execute_sync_updates(server_template_deltas)
+        .await,
    );
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Server::execute_sync_updates(
-        servers_to_create,
-        servers_to_update,
-        servers_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Server::execute_sync_updates(server_deltas).await,
    );
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Alerter::execute_sync_updates(
-        alerters_to_create,
-        alerters_to_update,
-        alerters_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Alerter::execute_sync_updates(alerter_deltas).await,
+    );
+    maybe_extend(
+      &mut update.logs,
+      Action::execute_sync_updates(action_deltas).await,
    );

    // Dependent on server
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Builder::execute_sync_updates(
-        builders_to_create,
-        builders_to_update,
-        builders_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Builder::execute_sync_updates(builder_deltas).await,
    );
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Repo::execute_sync_updates(
-        repos_to_create,
-        repos_to_update,
-        repos_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Repo::execute_sync_updates(repo_deltas).await,
    );

    // Dependant on builder
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Build::execute_sync_updates(
-        builds_to_create,
-        builds_to_update,
-        builds_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Build::execute_sync_updates(build_deltas).await,
    );

    // Dependant on server / build
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Deployment::execute_sync_updates(
-        deployments_to_create,
-        deployments_to_update,
-        deployments_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Deployment::execute_sync_updates(deployment_deltas).await,
    );
    // stack only depends on server, but maybe will depend on build later.
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Stack::execute_sync_updates(
-        stacks_to_create,
-        stacks_to_update,
-        stacks_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Stack::execute_sync_updates(stack_deltas).await,
    );

    // Dependant on everything
    maybe_extend(
      &mut update.logs,
-      Procedure::execute_sync_updates(
-        procedures_to_create,
-        procedures_to_update,
-        procedures_to_delete,
-      )
-      .await,
+      Procedure::execute_sync_updates(procedure_deltas).await,
    );

    // Execute the deploy cache
@@ -553,39 +527,27 @@ impl Resolve<RunSync, (User, Update)> for State {
      )
    }

-    if let Err(e) = State
-      .resolve(
-        RefreshResourceSyncPending { sync: sync.id },
-        sync_user().to_owned(),
-      )
+    if let Err(e) = (RefreshResourceSyncPending { sync: sync.id })
+      .resolve(&WriteArgs {
+        user: sync_user().to_owned(),
+      })
      .await
    {
-      warn!("failed to refresh sync {} after run | {e:#}", sync.name);
+      warn!(
+        "failed to refresh sync {} after run | {:#}",
+        sync.name, e.error
+      );
      update.push_error_log(
        "refresh sync",
        format_serror(
-          &e.context("failed to refresh sync pending after run")
+          &e.error
+            .context("failed to refresh sync pending after run")
            .into(),
        ),
      );
    }

    update.finalize();
-
-    // Need to manually update the update before cache refresh,
-    // and before broadcast with add_update.
-    // The Err case of to_document should be unreachable,
-    // but will fail to update cache in that case.
-    if let Ok(update_doc) = to_document(&update) {
-      let _ = update_one_by_id(
-        &db.updates,
-        &update.id,
-        mungos::update::Update::Set(update_doc),
-        None,
-      )
-      .await;
-      refresh_resource_sync_state_cache().await;
-    }
    update_update(update.clone()).await?;

    Ok(update)
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/action.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/action.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+use anyhow::Context;
+use komodo_client::{
+  api::read::*,
+  entities::{
+    action::{
+      Action, ActionActionState, ActionListItem, ActionState,
+    },
+    permission::PermissionLevel,
+  },
+};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+
+use crate::{
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags,
+  resource,
+  state::{action_state_cache, action_states},
+};
+
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetAction {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Action> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+        &self.action,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListActions {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<ActionListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Action>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullActions {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullActionsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Action>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetActionActionState {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ActionActionState> {
+    let action = resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+      &self.action,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let action_state = action_states()
+      .action
+      .get(&action.id)
+      .await
+      .unwrap_or_default()
+      .get()?;
+    Ok(action_state)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetActionsSummary {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetActionsSummaryResponse> {
+    let actions = resource::list_full_for_user::<Action>(
+      Default::default(),
+      user,
+      &[],
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get actions from db")?;
+
+    let mut res = GetActionsSummaryResponse::default();
+
+    let cache = action_state_cache();
+    let action_states = action_states();
+
+    for action in actions {
+      res.total += 1;
+
+      match (
+        cache.get(&action.id).await.unwrap_or_default(),
+        action_states
+          .action
+          .get(&action.id)
+          .await
+          .unwrap_or_default()
+          .get()?,
+      ) {
+        (_, action_states) if action_states.running => {
+          res.running += 1;
+        }
+        (ActionState::Ok, _) => res.ok += 1,
+        (ActionState::Failed, _) => res.failed += 1,
+        (ActionState::Unknown, _) => res.unknown += 1,
+        // will never come off the cache in the running state, since that comes from action states
+        (ActionState::Running, _) => unreachable!(),
+      }
+    }
+
+    Ok(res)
+  }
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/alert.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/alert.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@ use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{
    GetAlert, GetAlertResponse, ListAlerts, ListAlertsResponse,
  },
-  entities::{deployment::Deployment, server::Server, user::User},
+  entities::{
+    deployment::Deployment, server::Server, stack::Stack,
+    sync::ResourceSync,
+  },
 };
 use mungos::{
  by_id::find_one_by_id,
@@ -13,29 +16,35 @@ use mungos::{
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  config::core_config,
-  resource::get_resource_ids_for_user,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  config::core_config, resource::get_resource_ids_for_user,
+  state::db_client,
 };

+use super::ReadArgs;
+
 const NUM_ALERTS_PER_PAGE: u64 = 100;

-impl Resolve<ListAlerts, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListAlerts {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListAlerts { query, page }: ListAlerts,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListAlertsResponse> {
-    let mut query = query.unwrap_or_default();
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListAlertsResponse> {
+    let mut query = self.query.unwrap_or_default();
    if !user.admin && !core_config().transparent_mode {
      let server_ids =
-        get_resource_ids_for_user::<Server>(&user).await?;
+        get_resource_ids_for_user::<Server>(user).await?;
+      let stack_ids =
+        get_resource_ids_for_user::<Stack>(user).await?;
      let deployment_ids =
-        get_resource_ids_for_user::<Deployment>(&user).await?;
+        get_resource_ids_for_user::<Deployment>(user).await?;
+      let sync_ids =
+        get_resource_ids_for_user::<ResourceSync>(user).await?;
      query.extend(doc! {
        "$or": [
          { "target.type": "Server", "target.id": { "$in": &server_ids } },
+          { "target.type": "Stack", "target.id": { "$in": &stack_ids } },
          { "target.type": "Deployment", "target.id": { "$in": &deployment_ids } },
+          { "target.type": "ResourceSync", "target.id": { "$in": &sync_ids } },
        ]
      });
    }
@@ -46,7 +55,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListAlerts, User> for State {
      FindOptions::builder()
        .sort(doc! { "ts": -1 })
        .limit(NUM_ALERTS_PER_PAGE as i64)
-        .skip(page * NUM_ALERTS_PER_PAGE)
+        .skip(self.page * NUM_ALERTS_PER_PAGE)
        .build(),
    )
    .await
@@ -55,7 +64,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListAlerts, User> for State {
    let next_page = if alerts.len() < NUM_ALERTS_PER_PAGE as usize {
      None
    } else {
-      Some((page + 1) as i64)
+      Some((self.page + 1) as i64)
    };

    let res = ListAlertsResponse { next_page, alerts };
@@ -64,15 +73,16 @@ impl Resolve<ListAlerts, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetAlert, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetAlert {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetAlert { id }: GetAlert,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetAlertResponse> {
-    find_one_by_id(&db_client().alerts, &id)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to query db for alert")?
-      .context("no alert found with given id")
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetAlertResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      find_one_by_id(&db_client().alerts, &self.id)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for alert")?
+        .context("no alert found with given id")?,
+    )
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/alerter.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/alerter.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
  entities::{
    alerter::{Alerter, AlerterListItem},
    permission::PermissionLevel,
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::Document;
@@ -12,60 +11,78 @@ use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags, resource, state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<GetAlerter, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetAlerter {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetAlerter { alerter }: GetAlerter,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Alerter> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
-      &alerter,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Alerter> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
+        &self.alerter,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListAlerters, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListAlerters {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListAlerters { query }: ListAlerters,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<AlerterListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Alerter>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<AlerterListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Alerter>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullAlerters, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullAlerters {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullAlerters { query }: ListFullAlerters,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullAlertersResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Alerter>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullAlertersResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Alerter>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetAlertersSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetAlertersSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetAlertersSummary {}: GetAlertersSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetAlertersSummaryResponse> {
-    let query =
-      match resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Alerter>(&user)
-        .await?
-      {
-        Some(ids) => doc! {
-          "_id": { "$in": ids }
-        },
-        None => Document::new(),
-      };
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetAlertersSummaryResponse> {
+    let query = match resource::get_resource_object_ids_for_user::<
+      Alerter,
+    >(user)
+    .await?
+    {
+      Some(ids) => doc! {
+        "_id": { "$in": ids }
+      },
+      None => Document::new(),
+    };
    let total = db_client()
      .alerters
      .count_documents(query)
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/build.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/build.rs
@@ -6,12 +6,11 @@ use futures::TryStreamExt;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::*,
  entities::{
+    Operation,
    build::{Build, BuildActionState, BuildListItem, BuildState},
    config::core::CoreConfig,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    update::UpdateStatus,
-    user::User,
-    Operation,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -22,56 +21,75 @@ use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags,
  resource,
  state::{
-    action_states, build_state_cache, db_client, github_client, State,
+    action_states, build_state_cache, db_client, github_client,
  },
 };

-impl Resolve<GetBuild, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuild {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuild { build }: GetBuild,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Build> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Build> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
+        &self.build,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListBuilds, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListBuilds {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListBuilds { query }: ListBuilds,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<BuildListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Build>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<BuildListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Build>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullBuilds, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullBuilds {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullBuilds { query }: ListFullBuilds,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullBuildsResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullBuildsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetBuildActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuildActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuildActionState { build }: GetBuildActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<BuildActionState> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<BuildActionState> {
    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -85,15 +103,15 @@ impl Resolve<GetBuildActionState, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetBuildsSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuildsSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuildsSummary {}: GetBuildsSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetBuildsSummaryResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetBuildsSummaryResponse> {
    let builds = resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(
      Default::default(),
-      &user,
+      user,
+      &[],
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to get all builds")?;
@@ -132,16 +150,15 @@ impl Resolve<GetBuildsSummary, User> for State {

 const ONE_DAY_MS: i64 = 86400000;

-impl Resolve<GetBuildMonthlyStats, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuildMonthlyStats {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuildMonthlyStats { page }: GetBuildMonthlyStats,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetBuildMonthlyStatsResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetBuildMonthlyStatsResponse> {
    let curr_ts = unix_timestamp_ms() as i64;
    let next_day = curr_ts - curr_ts % ONE_DAY_MS + ONE_DAY_MS;

-    let close_ts = next_day - page as i64 * 30 * ONE_DAY_MS;
+    let close_ts = next_day - self.page as i64 * 30 * ONE_DAY_MS;
    let open_ts = close_ts - 30 * ONE_DAY_MS;

    let mut build_updates = db_client()
@@ -189,21 +206,21 @@ fn ms_to_hour(duration: i64) -> f64 {
  duration as f64 / MS_TO_HOUR_DIVISOR
 }

-impl Resolve<ListBuildVersions, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListBuildVersions {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListBuildVersions {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<BuildVersionResponseItem>> {
+    let ListBuildVersions {
      build,
      major,
      minor,
      patch,
      limit,
-    }: ListBuildVersions,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<BuildVersionResponseItem>> {
+    } = self;
    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
      &build,
-      &user,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -246,15 +263,21 @@ impl Resolve<ListBuildVersions, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListCommonBuildExtraArgs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListCommonBuildExtraArgs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListCommonBuildExtraArgs { query }: ListCommonBuildExtraArgs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListCommonBuildExtraArgsResponse> {
-    let builds = resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(query, &user)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListCommonBuildExtraArgsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let builds = resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(
+      self.query, user, &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;

    // first collect with guaranteed uniqueness
    let mut res = HashSet::<String>::new();
@@ -271,12 +294,11 @@ impl Resolve<ListCommonBuildExtraArgs, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetBuildWebhookEnabled, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuildWebhookEnabled {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuildWebhookEnabled { build }: GetBuildWebhookEnabled,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetBuildWebhookEnabledResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetBuildWebhookEnabledResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
      return Ok(GetBuildWebhookEnabledResponse {
        managed: false,
@@ -285,8 +307,8 @@ impl Resolve<GetBuildWebhookEnabled, User> for State {
    };

    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/builder.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/builder.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
  entities::{
    builder::{Builder, BuilderListItem},
    permission::PermissionLevel,
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::Document;
@@ -12,60 +11,78 @@ use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags, resource, state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<GetBuilder, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuilder {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuilder { builder }: GetBuilder,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Builder> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
-      &builder,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Builder> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
+        &self.builder,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListBuilders, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListBuilders {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListBuilders { query }: ListBuilders,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<BuilderListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Builder>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<BuilderListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Builder>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullBuilders, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullBuilders {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullBuilders { query }: ListFullBuilders,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullBuildersResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Builder>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullBuildersResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Builder>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetBuildersSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetBuildersSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetBuildersSummary {}: GetBuildersSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetBuildersSummaryResponse> {
-    let query =
-      match resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Builder>(&user)
-        .await?
-      {
-        Some(ids) => doc! {
-          "_id": { "$in": ids }
-        },
-        None => Document::new(),
-      };
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetBuildersSummaryResponse> {
+    let query = match resource::get_resource_object_ids_for_user::<
+      Builder,
+    >(user)
+    .await?
+    {
+      Some(ids) => doc! {
+        "_id": { "$in": ids }
+      },
+      None => Document::new(),
+    };
    let total = db_client()
      .builders
      .count_documents(query)
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/deployment.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/deployment.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use std::{cmp, collections::HashSet};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::*,
  entities::{
@@ -12,62 +12,89 @@ use komodo_client::{
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    server::Server,
    update::Log,
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use periphery_client::api;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  helpers::periphery_client,
+  helpers::{periphery_client, query::get_all_tags},
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, deployment_status_cache, State},
+  state::{action_states, deployment_status_cache},
 };

-impl Resolve<GetDeployment, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeployment {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeployment { deployment }: GetDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Deployment> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-      &deployment,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
+        &self.deployment,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListDeployments, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListDeployments {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListDeployments { query }: ListDeployments,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<DeploymentListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Deployment>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<DeploymentListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let only_update_available = self.query.specific.update_available;
+    let deployments = resource::list_for_user::<Deployment>(
+      self.query, user, &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let deployments = if only_update_available {
+      deployments
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|deployment| deployment.info.update_available)
+        .collect()
+    } else {
+      deployments
+    };
+    Ok(deployments)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullDeployments, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullDeployments {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullDeployments { query }: ListFullDeployments,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullDeploymentsResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Deployment>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullDeploymentsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Deployment>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetDeploymentContainer, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeploymentContainer {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeploymentContainer { deployment }: GetDeploymentContainer,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetDeploymentContainerResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetDeploymentContainerResponse> {
    let deployment = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-      &deployment,
-      &user,
+      &self.deployment,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -85,23 +112,23 @@ impl Resolve<GetDeploymentContainer, User> for State {

 const MAX_LOG_LENGTH: u64 = 5000;

-impl Resolve<GetDeploymentLog, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeploymentLog {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeploymentLog {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Log> {
+    let GetDeploymentLog {
      deployment,
      tail,
      timestamps,
-    }: GetDeploymentLog,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Log> {
+    } = self;
    let Deployment {
      name,
      config: DeploymentConfig { server_id, .. },
      ..
    } = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
      &deployment,
-      &user,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -109,36 +136,37 @@ impl Resolve<GetDeploymentLog, User> for State {
      return Ok(Log::default());
    }
    let server = resource::get::<Server>(&server_id).await?;
-    periphery_client(&server)?
+    let res = periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::GetContainerLog {
        name,
        tail: cmp::min(tail, MAX_LOG_LENGTH),
        timestamps,
      })
      .await
-      .context("failed at call to periphery")
+      .context("failed at call to periphery")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<SearchDeploymentLog, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for SearchDeploymentLog {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    SearchDeploymentLog {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Log> {
+    let SearchDeploymentLog {
      deployment,
      terms,
      combinator,
      invert,
      timestamps,
-    }: SearchDeploymentLog,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Log> {
+    } = self;
    let Deployment {
      name,
      config: DeploymentConfig { server_id, .. },
      ..
    } = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
      &deployment,
-      &user,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -146,7 +174,7 @@ impl Resolve<SearchDeploymentLog, User> for State {
      return Ok(Log::default());
    }
    let server = resource::get::<Server>(&server_id).await?;
-    periphery_client(&server)?
+    let res = periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::GetContainerLogSearch {
        name,
        terms,
@@ -155,46 +183,48 @@ impl Resolve<SearchDeploymentLog, User> for State {
        timestamps,
      })
      .await
-      .context("failed at call to periphery")
+      .context("failed at call to periphery")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetDeploymentStats, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeploymentStats {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeploymentStats { deployment }: GetDeploymentStats,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ContainerStats> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ContainerStats> {
    let Deployment {
      name,
      config: DeploymentConfig { server_id, .. },
      ..
    } = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-      &deployment,
-      &user,
+      &self.deployment,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
    if server_id.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("deployment has no server attached"));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("deployment has no server attached").into(),
+      );
    }
    let server = resource::get::<Server>(&server_id).await?;
-    periphery_client(&server)?
+    let res = periphery_client(&server)?
      .request(api::container::GetContainerStats { name })
      .await
-      .context("failed to get stats from periphery")
+      .context("failed to get stats from periphery")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetDeploymentActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeploymentActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeploymentActionState { deployment }: GetDeploymentActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeploymentActionState> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeploymentActionState> {
    let deployment = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-      &deployment,
-      &user,
+      &self.deployment,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -208,15 +238,15 @@ impl Resolve<GetDeploymentActionState, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetDeploymentsSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDeploymentsSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDeploymentsSummary {}: GetDeploymentsSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetDeploymentsSummaryResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetDeploymentsSummaryResponse> {
    let deployments = resource::list_full_for_user::<Deployment>(
      Default::default(),
-      &user,
+      user,
+      &[],
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to get deployments from db")?;
@@ -248,16 +278,21 @@ impl Resolve<GetDeploymentsSummary, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgs { query }: ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgsResponse> {
-    let deployments =
-      resource::list_full_for_user::<Deployment>(query, &user)
-        .await
-        .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListCommonDeploymentExtraArgsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let deployments = resource::list_full_for_user::<Deployment>(
+      self.query, user, &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;

    // first collect with guaranteed uniqueness
    let mut res = HashSet::<String>::new();
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/mod.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::OnceLock, time::Instant};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use axum::{middleware, routing::post, Extension, Router};
-use axum_extra::{headers::ContentType, TypedHeader};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use axum::{Extension, Router, middleware, routing::post};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::*,
  entities::{
+    ResourceTarget,
    build::Build,
    builder::{Builder, BuilderConfig},
    config::{DockerRegistry, GitProvider},
@@ -13,12 +13,10 @@ use komodo_client::{
    server::Server,
    sync::ResourceSync,
    user::User,
-    ResourceTarget,
  },
 };
-use resolver_api::{
-  derive::Resolver, Resolve, ResolveToString, Resolver,
-};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use response::Response;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serror::Json;
 use typeshare::typeshare;
@@ -26,9 +24,10 @@ use uuid::Uuid;

 use crate::{
  auth::auth_request, config::core_config, helpers::periphery_client,
-  resource, state::State,
+  resource,
 };

+mod action;
 mod alert;
 mod alerter;
 mod build;
@@ -38,7 +37,6 @@ mod permission;
 mod procedure;
 mod provider;
 mod repo;
-mod search;
 mod server;
 mod server_template;
 mod stack;
@@ -50,15 +48,18 @@ mod user;
 mod user_group;
 mod variable;

+pub struct ReadArgs {
+  pub user: User,
+}
+
 #[typeshare]
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolver)]
-#[resolver_target(State)]
-#[resolver_args(User)]
+#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolve)]
+#[args(ReadArgs)]
+#[response(Response)]
+#[error(serror::Error)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", content = "params")]
 enum ReadRequest {
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  GetVersion(GetVersion),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  GetCoreInfo(GetCoreInfo),
  ListSecrets(ListSecrets),
  ListGitProvidersFromConfig(ListGitProvidersFromConfig),
@@ -78,9 +79,6 @@ enum ReadRequest {
  GetUserGroup(GetUserGroup),
  ListUserGroups(ListUserGroups),

-  // ==== SEARCH ====
-  FindResources(FindResources),
-
  // ==== PROCEDURE ====
  GetProceduresSummary(GetProceduresSummary),
  GetProcedure(GetProcedure),
@@ -88,6 +86,13 @@ enum ReadRequest {
  ListProcedures(ListProcedures),
  ListFullProcedures(ListFullProcedures),

+  // ==== ACTION ====
+  GetActionsSummary(GetActionsSummary),
+  GetAction(GetAction),
+  GetActionActionState(GetActionActionState),
+  ListActions(ListActions),
+  ListFullActions(ListFullActions),
+
  // ==== SERVER TEMPLATE ====
  GetServerTemplate(GetServerTemplate),
  GetServerTemplatesSummary(GetServerTemplatesSummary),
@@ -111,17 +116,14 @@ enum ReadRequest {
  InspectDockerImage(InspectDockerImage),
  ListDockerImageHistory(ListDockerImageHistory),
  InspectDockerVolume(InspectDockerVolume),
+  GetDockerContainersSummary(GetDockerContainersSummary),
  ListAllDockerContainers(ListAllDockerContainers),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListDockerContainers(ListDockerContainers),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListDockerNetworks(ListDockerNetworks),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListDockerImages(ListDockerImages),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListDockerVolumes(ListDockerVolumes),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListComposeProjects(ListComposeProjects),
+  ListTerminals(ListTerminals),

  // ==== DEPLOYMENT ====
  GetDeploymentsSummary(GetDeploymentsSummary),
@@ -167,8 +169,8 @@ enum ReadRequest {
  GetStack(GetStack),
  GetStackActionState(GetStackActionState),
  GetStackWebhooksEnabled(GetStackWebhooksEnabled),
-  GetStackServiceLog(GetStackServiceLog),
-  SearchStackServiceLog(SearchStackServiceLog),
+  GetStackLog(GetStackLog),
+  SearchStackLog(SearchStackLog),
  ListStacks(ListStacks),
  ListFullStacks(ListFullStacks),
  ListStackServices(ListStackServices),
@@ -204,11 +206,8 @@ enum ReadRequest {
  GetAlert(GetAlert),

  // ==== SERVER STATS ====
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  GetSystemInformation(GetSystemInformation),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  GetSystemStats(GetSystemStats),
-  #[to_string_resolver]
  ListSystemProcesses(ListSystemProcesses),

  // ==== VARIABLE ====
@@ -232,54 +231,35 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn handler(
  Extension(user): Extension<User>,
  Json(request): Json<ReadRequest>,
-) -> serror::Result<(TypedHeader<ContentType>, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<axum::response::Response> {
  let timer = Instant::now();
  let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();
  debug!("/read request | user: {}", user.username);
-  let res =
-    State
-      .resolve_request(request, user)
-      .await
-      .map_err(|e| match e {
-        resolver_api::Error::Serialization(e) => {
-          anyhow!("{e:?}").context("response serialization error")
-        }
-        resolver_api::Error::Inner(e) => e,
-      });
+  let res = request.resolve(&ReadArgs { user }).await;
  if let Err(e) = &res {
-    debug!("/read request {req_id} error: {e:#}");
+    debug!("/read request {req_id} error: {:#}", e.error);
  }
  let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
  debug!("/read request {req_id} | resolve time: {elapsed:?}");
-  Ok((TypedHeader(ContentType::json()), res?))
+  res.map(|res| res.0)
 }

-fn version() -> &'static String {
-  static VERSION: OnceLock<String> = OnceLock::new();
-  VERSION.get_or_init(|| {
-    serde_json::to_string(&GetVersionResponse {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetVersion {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetVersionResponse> {
+    Ok(GetVersionResponse {
      version: env!("CARGO_PKG_VERSION").to_string(),
    })
-    .context("failed to serialize GetVersionResponse")
-    .unwrap()
-  })
-}
-
-impl ResolveToString<GetVersion, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve_to_string(
-    &self,
-    GetVersion {}: GetVersion,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-    Ok(version().to_string())
  }
 }

-fn core_info() -> &'static String {
-  static CORE_INFO: OnceLock<String> = OnceLock::new();
+fn core_info() -> &'static GetCoreInfoResponse {
+  static CORE_INFO: OnceLock<GetCoreInfoResponse> = OnceLock::new();
  CORE_INFO.get_or_init(|| {
    let config = core_config();
-    let info = GetCoreInfoResponse {
+    GetCoreInfoResponse {
      title: config.title.clone(),
      monitoring_interval: config.monitoring_interval,
      webhook_base_url: if config.webhook_base_url.is_empty() {
@@ -297,40 +277,36 @@ fn core_info() -> &'static String {
        .iter()
        .map(|i| i.namespace.to_string())
        .collect(),
-    };
-    serde_json::to_string(&info)
-      .context("failed to serialize GetCoreInfoResponse")
-      .unwrap()
+    }
  })
 }

-impl ResolveToString<GetCoreInfo, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve_to_string(
-    &self,
-    GetCoreInfo {}: GetCoreInfo,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-    Ok(core_info().to_string())
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetCoreInfo {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetCoreInfoResponse> {
+    Ok(core_info().clone())
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListSecrets, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListSecrets {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListSecrets { target }: ListSecrets,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListSecretsResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListSecretsResponse> {
    let mut secrets = core_config()
      .secrets
      .keys()
      .cloned()
      .collect::<HashSet<_>>();

-    if let Some(target) = target {
+    if let Some(target) = self.target {
      let server_id = match target {
        ResourceTarget::Server(id) => Some(id),
        ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
          match resource::get::<Builder>(&id).await?.config {
+            BuilderConfig::Url(_) => None,
            BuilderConfig::Server(config) => Some(config.server_id),
            BuilderConfig::Aws(config) => {
              secrets.extend(config.secrets);
@@ -339,7 +315,9 @@ impl Resolve<ListSecrets, User> for State {
          }
        }
        _ => {
-          return Err(anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`"))
+          return Err(
+            anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`").into(),
+          );
        }
      };
      if let Some(id) = server_id {
@@ -364,21 +342,21 @@ impl Resolve<ListSecrets, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListGitProvidersFromConfig, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListGitProvidersFromConfig {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListGitProvidersFromConfig { target }: ListGitProvidersFromConfig,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListGitProvidersFromConfigResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListGitProvidersFromConfigResponse> {
    let mut providers = core_config().git_providers.clone();

-    if let Some(target) = target {
+    if let Some(target) = self.target {
      match target {
        ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
          merge_git_providers_for_server(&mut providers, &id).await?;
        }
        ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
          match resource::get::<Builder>(&id).await?.config {
+            BuilderConfig::Url(_) => {}
            BuilderConfig::Server(config) => {
              merge_git_providers_for_server(
                &mut providers,
@@ -395,7 +373,9 @@ impl Resolve<ListGitProvidersFromConfig, User> for State {
          }
        }
        _ => {
-          return Err(anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`"))
+          return Err(
+            anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`").into(),
+          );
        }
      }
    }
@@ -403,12 +383,18 @@ impl Resolve<ListGitProvidersFromConfig, User> for State {
    let (builds, repos, syncs) = tokio::try_join!(
      resource::list_full_for_user::<Build>(
        Default::default(),
-        &user
+        user,
+        &[]
+      ),
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(
+        Default::default(),
+        user,
+        &[]
      ),
-      resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(Default::default(), &user),
      resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
        Default::default(),
-        &user
+        user,
+        &[]
      ),
    )?;

@@ -455,15 +441,14 @@ impl Resolve<ListGitProvidersFromConfig, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig { target }: ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfigResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfigResponse> {
    let mut registries = core_config().docker_registries.clone();

-    if let Some(target) = target {
+    if let Some(target) = self.target {
      match target {
        ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
          merge_docker_registries_for_server(&mut registries, &id)
@@ -471,6 +456,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig, User> for State {
        }
        ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
          match resource::get::<Builder>(&id).await?.config {
+            BuilderConfig::Url(_) => {}
            BuilderConfig::Server(config) => {
              merge_docker_registries_for_server(
                &mut registries,
@@ -487,7 +473,9 @@ impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig, User> for State {
          }
        }
        _ => {
-          return Err(anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`"))
+          return Err(
+            anyhow!("target must be `Server` or `Builder`").into(),
+          );
        }
      }
    }
@@ -501,7 +489,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistriesFromConfig, User> for State {
 async fn merge_git_providers_for_server(
  providers: &mut Vec<GitProvider>,
  server_id: &str,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+) -> serror::Result<()> {
  let server = resource::get::<Server>(server_id).await?;
  let more = periphery_client(&server)?
    .request(periphery_client::api::ListGitProviders {})
@@ -539,7 +527,7 @@ fn merge_git_providers(
 async fn merge_docker_registries_for_server(
  registries: &mut Vec<DockerRegistry>,
  server_id: &str,
-) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+) -> serror::Result<()> {
  let server = resource::get::<Server>(server_id).await?;
  let more = periphery_client(&server)?
    .request(periphery_client::api::ListDockerRegistries {})
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/permission.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/permission.rs
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{
    GetPermissionLevel, GetPermissionLevelResponse, ListPermissions,
    ListPermissionsResponse, ListUserTargetPermissions,
    ListUserTargetPermissionsResponse,
  },
-  entities::{permission::PermissionLevel, user::User},
+  entities::permission::PermissionLevel,
 };
 use mungos::{find::find_collect, mongodb::bson::doc};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  helpers::query::get_user_permission_on_target,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  helpers::query::get_user_permission_on_target, state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<ListPermissions, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListPermissions {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListPermissions {}: ListPermissions,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListPermissionsResponse> {
-    find_collect(
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListPermissionsResponse> {
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().permissions,
      doc! {
        "user_target.type": "User",
@@ -30,34 +30,33 @@ impl Resolve<ListPermissions, User> for State {
      None,
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to query db for permissions")
+    .context("failed to query db for permissions")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetPermissionLevel, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetPermissionLevel {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetPermissionLevel { target }: GetPermissionLevel,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetPermissionLevelResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetPermissionLevelResponse> {
    if user.admin {
      return Ok(PermissionLevel::Write);
    }
-    get_user_permission_on_target(&user, &target).await
+    Ok(get_user_permission_on_target(user, &self.target).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListUserTargetPermissions, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListUserTargetPermissions {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListUserTargetPermissions { user_target }: ListUserTargetPermissions,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListUserTargetPermissionsResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListUserTargetPermissionsResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only").into());
    }
-    let (variant, id) = user_target.extract_variant_id();
-    find_collect(
+    let (variant, id) = self.user_target.extract_variant_id();
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().permissions,
      doc! {
        "user_target.type": variant.as_ref(),
@@ -66,6 +65,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUserTargetPermissions, User> for State {
      None,
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to query db for permissions")
+    .context("failed to query db for permissions")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/procedure.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/procedure.rs
@@ -4,60 +4,81 @@ use komodo_client::{
  entities::{
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    procedure::{Procedure, ProcedureState},
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags,
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, procedure_state_cache, State},
+  state::{action_states, procedure_state_cache},
 };

-impl Resolve<GetProcedure, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetProcedure {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetProcedure { procedure }: GetProcedure,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetProcedureResponse> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
-      &procedure,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetProcedureResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
+        &self.procedure,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListProcedures, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListProcedures {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListProcedures { query }: ListProcedures,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListProceduresResponse> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Procedure>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListProceduresResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Procedure>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullProcedures, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullProcedures {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullProcedures { query }: ListFullProcedures,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullProceduresResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Procedure>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullProceduresResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Procedure>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetProceduresSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetProceduresSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetProceduresSummary {}: GetProceduresSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetProceduresSummaryResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetProceduresSummaryResponse> {
    let procedures = resource::list_full_for_user::<Procedure>(
      Default::default(),
-      &user,
+      user,
+      &[],
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to get procedures from db")?;
@@ -94,15 +115,14 @@ impl Resolve<GetProceduresSummary, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetProcedureActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetProcedureActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetProcedureActionState { procedure }: GetProcedureActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetProcedureActionStateResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetProcedureActionStateResponse> {
    let procedure = resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
-      &procedure,
-      &user,
+      &self.procedure,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/provider.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/provider.rs
@@ -1,59 +1,54 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use komodo_client::{
-  api::read::{
-    GetDockerRegistryAccount, GetDockerRegistryAccountResponse,
-    GetGitProviderAccount, GetGitProviderAccountResponse,
-    ListDockerRegistryAccounts, ListDockerRegistryAccountsResponse,
-    ListGitProviderAccounts, ListGitProviderAccountsResponse,
-  },
-  entities::user::User,
-};
-use mongo_indexed::{doc, Document};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use komodo_client::api::read::*;
+use mongo_indexed::{Document, doc};
 use mungos::{
  by_id::find_one_by_id, find::find_collect,
  mongodb::options::FindOptions,
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::state::{db_client, State};
+use crate::state::db_client;

-impl Resolve<GetGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetGitProviderAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetGitProviderAccount { id }: GetGitProviderAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetGitProviderAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetGitProviderAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Only admins can read git provider accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only admins can read git provider accounts").into(),
+      );
    }
-    find_one_by_id(&db_client().git_accounts, &id)
+    let res = find_one_by_id(&db_client().git_accounts, &self.id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for git provider accounts")?
-      .context("did not find git provider account with the given id")
+      .context(
+        "did not find git provider account with the given id",
+      )?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListGitProviderAccounts, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListGitProviderAccounts {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListGitProviderAccounts { domain, username }: ListGitProviderAccounts,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListGitProviderAccountsResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListGitProviderAccountsResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Only admins can read git provider accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only admins can read git provider accounts").into(),
+      );
    }
    let mut filter = Document::new();
-    if let Some(domain) = domain {
+    if let Some(domain) = self.domain {
      filter.insert("domain", domain);
    }
-    if let Some(username) = username {
+    if let Some(username) = self.username {
      filter.insert("username", username);
    }
-    find_collect(
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().git_accounts,
      filter,
      FindOptions::builder()
@@ -61,49 +56,52 @@ impl Resolve<ListGitProviderAccounts, User> for State {
        .build(),
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to query db for git provider accounts")
+    .context("failed to query db for git provider accounts")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetDockerRegistryAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetDockerRegistryAccount { id }: GetDockerRegistryAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Only admins can read docker registry accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only admins can read docker registry accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }
-    find_one_by_id(&db_client().registry_accounts, &id)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to query db for docker registry accounts")?
-      .context(
-        "did not find docker registry account with the given id",
-      )
+    let res =
+      find_one_by_id(&db_client().registry_accounts, &self.id)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for docker registry accounts")?
+        .context(
+          "did not find docker registry account with the given id",
+        )?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistryAccounts, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListDockerRegistryAccounts {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListDockerRegistryAccounts { domain, username }: ListDockerRegistryAccounts,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListDockerRegistryAccountsResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListDockerRegistryAccountsResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Only admins can read docker registry accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only admins can read docker registry accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }
    let mut filter = Document::new();
-    if let Some(domain) = domain {
+    if let Some(domain) = self.domain {
      filter.insert("domain", domain);
    }
-    if let Some(username) = username {
+    if let Some(username) = self.username {
      filter.insert("username", username);
    }
-    find_collect(
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().registry_accounts,
      filter,
      FindOptions::builder()
@@ -111,6 +109,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListDockerRegistryAccounts, User> for State {
        .build(),
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to query db for docker registry accounts")
+    .context("failed to query db for docker registry accounts")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/repo.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/repo.rs
@@ -5,61 +5,79 @@ use komodo_client::{
    config::core::CoreConfig,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    repo::{Repo, RepoActionState, RepoListItem, RepoState},
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags,
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, github_client, repo_state_cache, State},
+  state::{action_states, github_client, repo_state_cache},
 };

-impl Resolve<GetRepo, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetRepo {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetRepo { repo }: GetRepo,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Repo> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Repo> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
+        &self.repo,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListRepos, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListRepos {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListRepos { query }: ListRepos,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<RepoListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Repo>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<RepoListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<Repo>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullRepos, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullRepos {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullRepos { query }: ListFullRepos,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullReposResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullReposResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetRepoActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetRepoActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetRepoActionState { repo }: GetRepoActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<RepoActionState> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<RepoActionState> {
    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -73,16 +91,18 @@ impl Resolve<GetRepoActionState, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetReposSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetReposSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetReposSummary {}: GetReposSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetReposSummaryResponse> {
-    let repos =
-      resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(Default::default(), &user)
-        .await
-        .context("failed to get repos from db")?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetReposSummaryResponse> {
+    let repos = resource::list_full_for_user::<Repo>(
+      Default::default(),
+      user,
+      &[],
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get repos from db")?;

    let mut res = GetReposSummaryResponse::default();

@@ -126,12 +146,11 @@ impl Resolve<GetReposSummary, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetRepoWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetRepoWebhooksEnabled {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetRepoWebhooksEnabled { repo }: GetRepoWebhooksEnabled,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetRepoWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetRepoWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
      return Ok(GetRepoWebhooksEnabledResponse {
        managed: false,
@@ -142,8 +161,8 @@ impl Resolve<GetRepoWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
    };

    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/search.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/search.rs
@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-use komodo_client::{
-  api::read::{FindResources, FindResourcesResponse},
-  entities::{
-    build::Build, deployment::Deployment, procedure::Procedure,
-    repo::Repo, server::Server, user::User, ResourceTargetVariant,
-  },
-};
-use resolver_api::Resolve;
-
-use crate::{resource, state::State};
-
-const FIND_RESOURCE_TYPES: [ResourceTargetVariant; 5] = [
-  ResourceTargetVariant::Server,
-  ResourceTargetVariant::Build,
-  ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment,
-  ResourceTargetVariant::Repo,
-  ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure,
-];
-
-impl Resolve<FindResources, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    FindResources { query, resources }: FindResources,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<FindResourcesResponse> {
-    let mut res = FindResourcesResponse::default();
-    let resource_types = if resources.is_empty() {
-      FIND_RESOURCE_TYPES.to_vec()
-    } else {
-      resources
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter(|r| {
-          !matches!(
-            r,
-            ResourceTargetVariant::System
-              | ResourceTargetVariant::Builder
-              | ResourceTargetVariant::Alerter
-          )
-        })
-        .collect()
-    };
-    for resource_type in resource_types {
-      match resource_type {
-        ResourceTargetVariant::Server => {
-          res.servers = resource::list_for_user_using_document::<
-            Server,
-          >(query.clone(), &user)
-          .await?;
-        }
-        ResourceTargetVariant::Deployment => {
-          res.deployments = resource::list_for_user_using_document::<
-            Deployment,
-          >(query.clone(), &user)
-          .await?;
-        }
-        ResourceTargetVariant::Build => {
-          res.builds =
-            resource::list_for_user_using_document::<Build>(
-              query.clone(),
-              &user,
-            )
-            .await?;
-        }
-        ResourceTargetVariant::Repo => {
-          res.repos = resource::list_for_user_using_document::<Repo>(
-            query.clone(),
-            &user,
-          )
-          .await?;
-        }
-        ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure => {
-          res.procedures = resource::list_for_user_using_document::<
-            Procedure,
-          >(query.clone(), &user)
-          .await?;
-        }
-        _ => {}
-      }
-    }
-    Ok(res)
-  }
-}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/server.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/server.rs
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/server_template.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/server_template.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
  api::read::*,
  entities::{
    permission::PermissionLevel, server_template::ServerTemplate,
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::Document;
@@ -11,54 +10,73 @@ use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags, resource, state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<GetServerTemplate, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetServerTemplate {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetServerTemplate { server_template }: GetServerTemplate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetServerTemplateResponse> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
-      &server_template,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetServerTemplateResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
+        &self.server_template,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListServerTemplates, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListServerTemplates {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListServerTemplates { query }: ListServerTemplates,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListServerTemplatesResponse> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListServerTemplatesResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullServerTemplates, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullServerTemplates {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullServerTemplates { query }: ListFullServerTemplates,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullServerTemplatesResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullServerTemplatesResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetServerTemplatesSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetServerTemplatesSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetServerTemplatesSummary {}: GetServerTemplatesSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetServerTemplatesSummaryResponse> {
-    let query = match resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetServerTemplatesSummaryResponse> {
+    let query = match resource::get_resource_object_ids_for_user::<
      ServerTemplate,
-    >(&user)
+    >(user)
    .await?
    {
      Some(ids) => doc! {
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/stack.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/stack.rs
@@ -7,46 +7,47 @@ use komodo_client::{
    config::core::CoreConfig,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    stack::{Stack, StackActionState, StackListItem, StackState},
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use periphery_client::api::compose::{
-  GetComposeServiceLog, GetComposeServiceLogSearch,
+  GetComposeLog, GetComposeLogSearch,
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
-  helpers::periphery_client,
+  helpers::{periphery_client, query::get_all_tags},
  resource,
  stack::get_stack_and_server,
-  state::{action_states, github_client, stack_status_cache, State},
+  state::{action_states, github_client, stack_status_cache},
 };

-impl Resolve<GetStack, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetStack {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetStack { stack }: GetStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Stack> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Stack> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
+        &self.stack,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListStackServices, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListStackServices {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListStackServices { stack }: ListStackServices,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListStackServicesResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListStackServicesResponse> {
    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -63,79 +64,79 @@ impl Resolve<ListStackServices, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetStackServiceLog, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetStackLog {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetStackServiceLog {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetStackLogResponse> {
+    let GetStackLog {
      stack,
-      service,
+      services,
      tail,
      timestamps,
-    }: GetStackServiceLog,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetStackServiceLogResponse> {
-    let (stack, server) = get_stack_and_server(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
-      true,
-    )
-    .await?;
-    periphery_client(&server)?
-      .request(GetComposeServiceLog {
+    } = self;
+    let (stack, server) =
+      get_stack_and_server(&stack, user, PermissionLevel::Read, true)
+        .await?;
+    let res = periphery_client(&server)?
+      .request(GetComposeLog {
        project: stack.project_name(false),
-        service,
+        services,
        tail,
        timestamps,
      })
      .await
-      .context("failed to get stack service log from periphery")
+      .context("Failed to get stack log from periphery")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<SearchStackServiceLog, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for SearchStackLog {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    SearchStackServiceLog {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<SearchStackLogResponse> {
+    let SearchStackLog {
      stack,
-      service,
+      services,
      terms,
      combinator,
      invert,
      timestamps,
-    }: SearchStackServiceLog,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<SearchStackServiceLogResponse> {
-    let (stack, server) = get_stack_and_server(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
-      true,
-    )
-    .await?;
-    periphery_client(&server)?
-      .request(GetComposeServiceLogSearch {
+    } = self;
+    let (stack, server) =
+      get_stack_and_server(&stack, user, PermissionLevel::Read, true)
+        .await?;
+    let res = periphery_client(&server)?
+      .request(GetComposeLogSearch {
        project: stack.project_name(false),
-        service,
+        services,
        terms,
        combinator,
        invert,
        timestamps,
      })
      .await
-      .context("failed to get stack service log from periphery")
+      .context("Failed to search stack log from periphery")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListCommonStackExtraArgs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListCommonStackExtraArgs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListCommonStackExtraArgs { query }: ListCommonStackExtraArgs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListCommonStackExtraArgsResponse> {
-    let stacks = resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(query, &user)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListCommonStackExtraArgsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let stacks = resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(
+      self.query, user, &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;

    // first collect with guaranteed uniqueness
    let mut res = HashSet::<String>::new();
@@ -152,15 +153,21 @@ impl Resolve<ListCommonStackExtraArgs, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgs { query }: ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgsResponse> {
-    let stacks = resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(query, &user)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let stacks = resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(
+      self.query, user, &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to get resources matching query")?;

    // first collect with guaranteed uniqueness
    let mut res = HashSet::<String>::new();
@@ -177,35 +184,65 @@ impl Resolve<ListCommonStackBuildExtraArgs, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListStacks, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListStacks {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListStacks { query }: ListStacks,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<StackListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<Stack>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<StackListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    let only_update_available = self.query.specific.update_available;
+    let stacks =
+      resource::list_for_user::<Stack>(self.query, user, &all_tags)
+        .await?;
+    let stacks = if only_update_available {
+      stacks
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter(|stack| {
+          stack
+            .info
+            .services
+            .iter()
+            .any(|service| service.update_available)
+        })
+        .collect()
+    } else {
+      stacks
+    };
+    Ok(stacks)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullStacks, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullStacks {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullStacks { query }: ListFullStacks,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullStacksResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullStacksResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetStackActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetStackActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetStackActionState { stack }: GetStackActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<StackActionState> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<StackActionState> {
    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -219,15 +256,15 @@ impl Resolve<GetStackActionState, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetStacksSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetStacksSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetStacksSummary {}: GetStacksSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetStacksSummaryResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetStacksSummaryResponse> {
    let stacks = resource::list_full_for_user::<Stack>(
      Default::default(),
-      &user,
+      user,
+      &[],
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to get stacks from db")?;
@@ -252,12 +289,11 @@ impl Resolve<GetStacksSummary, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetStackWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetStackWebhooksEnabled {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetStackWebhooksEnabled { stack }: GetStackWebhooksEnabled,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetStackWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetStackWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
      return Ok(GetStackWebhooksEnabledResponse {
        managed: false,
@@ -267,8 +303,8 @@ impl Resolve<GetStackWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
    };

    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/sync.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/sync.rs
@@ -6,65 +6,82 @@ use komodo_client::{
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    sync::{
      ResourceSync, ResourceSyncActionState, ResourceSyncListItem,
-      ResourceSyncState,
    },
-    user::User,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
+  helpers::query::get_all_tags,
  resource,
-  state::{
-    action_states, github_client, resource_sync_state_cache, State,
-  },
+  state::{action_states, github_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<GetResourceSync, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetResourceSync {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetResourceSync { sync }: GetResourceSync,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ResourceSync> {
-    resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
-      &sync,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Read,
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ResourceSync> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
+        &self.sync,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Read,
+      )
+      .await?,
    )
-    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListResourceSyncs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListResourceSyncs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListResourceSyncs { query }: ListResourceSyncs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<ResourceSyncListItem>> {
-    resource::list_for_user::<ResourceSync>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Vec<ResourceSyncListItem>> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListFullResourceSyncs, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListFullResourceSyncs {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListFullResourceSyncs { query }: ListFullResourceSyncs,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListFullResourceSyncsResponse> {
-    resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(query, &user).await
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListFullResourceSyncsResponse> {
+    let all_tags = if self.query.tags.is_empty() {
+      vec![]
+    } else {
+      get_all_tags(None).await?
+    };
+    Ok(
+      resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
+        self.query, user, &all_tags,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetResourceSyncActionState, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetResourceSyncActionState {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetResourceSyncActionState { sync }: GetResourceSyncActionState,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ResourceSyncActionState> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ResourceSyncActionState> {
    let sync = resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
-      &sync,
-      &user,
+      &self.sync,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -78,23 +95,22 @@ impl Resolve<GetResourceSyncActionState, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetResourceSyncsSummary, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetResourceSyncsSummary {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetResourceSyncsSummary {}: GetResourceSyncsSummary,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetResourceSyncsSummaryResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetResourceSyncsSummaryResponse> {
    let resource_syncs =
      resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
        Default::default(),
-        &user,
+        user,
+        &[],
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to get resource_syncs from db")?;

    let mut res = GetResourceSyncsSummaryResponse::default();

-    let cache = resource_sync_state_cache();
    let action_states = action_states();

    for resource_sync in resource_syncs {
@@ -113,42 +129,29 @@ impl Resolve<GetResourceSyncsSummary, User> for State {
        res.failed += 1;
        continue;
      }
-
-      match (
-        cache.get(&resource_sync.id).await.unwrap_or_default(),
-        action_states
-          .resource_sync
-          .get(&resource_sync.id)
-          .await
-          .unwrap_or_default()
-          .get()?,
-      ) {
-        (_, action_states) if action_states.syncing => {
-          res.syncing += 1;
-        }
-        (ResourceSyncState::Ok, _) => res.ok += 1,
-        (ResourceSyncState::Failed, _) => res.failed += 1,
-        (ResourceSyncState::Unknown, _) => res.unknown += 1,
-        // will never come off the cache in the building state, since that comes from action states
-        (ResourceSyncState::Syncing, _) => {
-          unreachable!()
-        }
-        (ResourceSyncState::Pending, _) => {
-          unreachable!()
-        }
+      if action_states
+        .resource_sync
+        .get(&resource_sync.id)
+        .await
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .get()?
+        .syncing
+      {
+        res.syncing += 1;
+        continue;
      }
+      res.ok += 1;
    }

    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetSyncWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetSyncWebhooksEnabled {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetSyncWebhooksEnabled { sync }: GetSyncWebhooksEnabled,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetSyncWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetSyncWebhooksEnabledResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
      return Ok(GetSyncWebhooksEnabledResponse {
        managed: false,
@@ -158,8 +161,8 @@ impl Resolve<GetSyncWebhooksEnabled, User> for State {
    };

    let sync = resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
-      &sync,
-      &user,
+      &self.sync,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Read,
    )
    .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/tag.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/tag.rs
@@ -1,39 +1,31 @@
 use anyhow::Context;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{GetTag, ListTags},
-  entities::{tag::Tag, user::User},
+  entities::tag::Tag,
 };
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
 use mungos::{find::find_collect, mongodb::options::FindOptions};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{
-  helpers::query::get_tag,
-  state::{db_client, State},
-};
+use crate::{helpers::query::get_tag, state::db_client};

-impl Resolve<GetTag, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetTag { tag }: GetTag,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Tag> {
-    get_tag(&tag).await
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetTag {
+  async fn resolve(self, _: &ReadArgs) -> serror::Result<Tag> {
+    Ok(get_tag(&self.tag).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListTags, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListTags { query }: ListTags,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<Tag>> {
-    find_collect(
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListTags {
+  async fn resolve(self, _: &ReadArgs) -> serror::Result<Vec<Tag>> {
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().tags,
-      query,
+      self.query,
      FindOptions::builder().sort(doc! { "name": 1 }).build(),
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to get tags from db")
+    .context("failed to get tags from db")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/toml.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/toml.rs
@@ -1,186 +1,217 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
 use anyhow::Context;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{
    ExportAllResourcesToToml, ExportAllResourcesToTomlResponse,
    ExportResourcesToToml, ExportResourcesToTomlResponse,
-    GetUserGroup, ListUserTargetPermissions,
+    ListUserGroups,
  },
  entities::{
-    alerter::Alerter,
-    build::Build,
-    builder::Builder,
-    deployment::Deployment,
-    permission::{PermissionLevel, UserTarget},
-    procedure::Procedure,
-    repo::Repo,
-    resource::ResourceQuery,
-    server::Server,
-    server_template::ServerTemplate,
-    stack::Stack,
-    sync::ResourceSync,
-    toml::{PermissionToml, ResourcesToml, UserGroupToml},
-    user::User,
-    ResourceTarget,
+    ResourceTarget, action::Action, alerter::Alerter, build::Build,
+    builder::Builder, deployment::Deployment,
+    permission::PermissionLevel, procedure::Procedure, repo::Repo,
+    resource::ResourceQuery, server::Server,
+    server_template::ServerTemplate, stack::Stack,
+    sync::ResourceSync, toml::ResourcesToml, user::User,
  },
 };
 use mungos::find::find_collect;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  helpers::query::{get_id_to_tags, get_user_user_group_ids},
+  helpers::query::{
+    get_all_tags, get_id_to_tags, get_user_user_group_ids,
+  },
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
  sync::{
-    toml::{convert_resource, ToToml, TOML_PRETTY_OPTIONS},
    AllResourcesById,
+    toml::{TOML_PRETTY_OPTIONS, ToToml, convert_resource},
+    user_groups::convert_user_groups,
  },
 };

-impl Resolve<ExportAllResourcesToToml, User> for State {
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ExportAllResourcesToToml { tags }: ExportAllResourcesToToml,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ExportAllResourcesToTomlResponse> {
-    let mut targets = Vec::<ResourceTarget>::new();
+use super::ReadArgs;

-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Alerter>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Alerter(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Builder>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Builder(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Server>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Server(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Deployment>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Deployment(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Stack>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Stack(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Build>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Build(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Repo>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Repo(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<Procedure>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Procedure(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(resource.id)),
-    );
-    targets.extend(
-      resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
-        ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags.clone()).build(),
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      // These will already be filtered by [ExportResourcesToToml]
-      .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(resource.id)),
-    );
-
-    let user_groups = if user.admin && tags.is_empty() {
-      find_collect(&db_client().user_groups, None, None)
-        .await
-        .context("failed to query db for user groups")?
-        .into_iter()
-        .map(|user_group| user_group.id)
-        .collect()
-    } else {
-      get_user_user_group_ids(&user.id).await?
-    };
-
-    self
-      .resolve(
-        ExportResourcesToToml {
-          targets,
-          user_groups,
-          include_variables: tags.is_empty(),
-        },
-        user,
-      )
-      .await
-  }
+async fn get_all_targets(
+  tags: &[String],
+  user: &User,
+) -> anyhow::Result<Vec<ResourceTarget>> {
+  let mut targets = Vec::<ResourceTarget>::new();
+  let all_tags = if tags.is_empty() {
+    vec![]
+  } else {
+    get_all_tags(None).await?
+  };
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Alerter>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Alerter(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Builder>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Builder(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Server>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Server(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Stack>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Stack(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Deployment>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Deployment(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Build>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Build(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Repo>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Repo(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Procedure>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Procedure(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<Action>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::Action(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(resource.id)),
+  );
+  targets.extend(
+    resource::list_full_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
+      ResourceQuery::builder().tags(tags).build(),
+      user,
+      &all_tags,
+    )
+    .await?
+    .into_iter()
+    // These will already be filtered by [ExportResourcesToToml]
+    .map(|resource| ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(resource.id)),
+  );
+  Ok(targets)
 }

-impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ExportAllResourcesToToml {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
+    self,
+    args: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ExportAllResourcesToTomlResponse> {
+    let targets = if self.include_resources {
+      get_all_targets(&self.tags, &args.user).await?
+    } else {
+      Vec::new()
+    };
+
+    let user_groups = if self.include_user_groups {
+      if args.user.admin {
+        find_collect(&db_client().user_groups, None, None)
+          .await
+          .context("failed to query db for user groups")?
+          .into_iter()
+          .map(|user_group| user_group.id)
+          .collect()
+      } else {
+        get_user_user_group_ids(&args.user.id).await?
+      }
+    } else {
+      Vec::new()
+    };
+
    ExportResourcesToToml {
+      targets,
+      user_groups,
+      include_variables: self.include_variables,
+    }
+    .resolve(args)
+    .await
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ExportResourcesToToml {
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    args: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ExportResourcesToTomlResponse> {
+    let ExportResourcesToToml {
      targets,
      user_groups,
      include_variables,
-    }: ExportResourcesToToml,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ExportResourcesToTomlResponse> {
+    } = self;
    let mut res = ResourcesToml::default();
    let all = AllResourcesById::load().await?;
    let id_to_tags = get_id_to_tags(None).await?;
+    let ReadArgs { user } = args;
    for target in targets {
      match target {
        ResourceTarget::Alerter(id) => {
          let alerter = resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -194,7 +225,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(id) => {
          let sync = resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -213,9 +244,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(id) => {
          let template = resource::get_check_permissions::<
            ServerTemplate,
-          >(
-            &id, &user, PermissionLevel::Read
-          )
+          >(&id, user, PermissionLevel::Read)
          .await?;
          res.server_templates.push(
            convert_resource::<ServerTemplate>(
@@ -229,7 +258,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
          let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -244,7 +273,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
          let mut builder =
            resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
              &id,
-              &user,
+              user,
              PermissionLevel::Read,
            )
            .await?;
@@ -259,7 +288,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::Build(id) => {
          let mut build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -275,7 +304,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
          let mut deployment = resource::get_check_permissions::<
            Deployment,
          >(
-            &id, &user, PermissionLevel::Read
+            &id, user, PermissionLevel::Read
          )
          .await?;
          Deployment::replace_ids(&mut deployment, &all);
@@ -289,7 +318,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::Repo(id) => {
          let mut repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -304,7 +333,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
        ResourceTarget::Stack(id) => {
          let mut stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
            &id,
-            &user,
+            user,
            PermissionLevel::Read,
          )
          .await?;
@@ -320,7 +349,7 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
          let mut procedure = resource::get_check_permissions::<
            Procedure,
          >(
-            &id, &user, PermissionLevel::Read
+            &id, user, PermissionLevel::Read
          )
          .await?;
          Procedure::replace_ids(&mut procedure, &all);
@@ -331,11 +360,26 @@ impl Resolve<ExportResourcesToToml, User> for State {
            &id_to_tags,
          ));
        }
+        ResourceTarget::Action(id) => {
+          let mut action = resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+            &id,
+            user,
+            PermissionLevel::Read,
+          )
+          .await?;
+          Action::replace_ids(&mut action, &all);
+          res.actions.push(convert_resource::<Action>(
+            action,
+            false,
+            vec![],
+            &id_to_tags,
+          ));
+        }
        ResourceTarget::System(_) => continue,
      };
    }

-    add_user_groups(user_groups, &mut res, &all, &user)
+    add_user_groups(user_groups, &mut res, &all, args)
      .await
      .context("failed to add user groups")?;

@@ -365,124 +409,20 @@ async fn add_user_groups(
  user_groups: Vec<String>,
  res: &mut ResourcesToml,
  all: &AllResourcesById,
-  user: &User,
+  args: &ReadArgs,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
-  let db = db_client();
-
-  let usernames = find_collect(&db.users, None, None)
-    .await?
+  let user_groups = ListUserGroups {}
+    .resolve(args)
+    .await
+    .map_err(|e| e.error)?
    .into_iter()
-    .map(|user| (user.id, user.username))
-    .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();
-
-  for user_group in user_groups {
-    let ug = State
-      .resolve(GetUserGroup { user_group }, user.clone())
-      .await?;
-    // this method is admin only, but we already know user can see user group if above does not return Err
-    let permissions = State
-      .resolve(
-        ListUserTargetPermissions {
-          user_target: UserTarget::UserGroup(ug.id),
-        },
-        User {
-          admin: true,
-          ..Default::default()
-        },
-      )
-      .await?
-      .into_iter()
-      .map(|mut permission| {
-        match &mut permission.resource_target {
-          ResourceTarget::Build(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .builds
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .builders
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Deployment(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .deployments
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .servers
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Repo(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .repos
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Alerter(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .alerters
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Procedure(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .procedures
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .templates
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .syncs
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::Stack(id) => {
-            *id = all
-              .stacks
-              .get(id)
-              .map(|r| r.name.clone())
-              .unwrap_or_default()
-          }
-          ResourceTarget::System(_) => {}
-        }
-        PermissionToml {
-          target: permission.resource_target,
-          level: permission.level,
-        }
-      })
-      .collect();
-    res.user_groups.push(UserGroupToml {
-      name: ug.name,
-      users: ug
-        .users
-        .into_iter()
-        .filter_map(|user_id| usernames.get(&user_id).cloned())
-        .collect(),
-      all: ug.all,
-      permissions,
+    .filter(|ug| {
+      user_groups.contains(&ug.name) || user_groups.contains(&ug.id)
    });
-  }
+  let mut ug = Vec::with_capacity(user_groups.size_hint().0);
+  convert_user_groups(user_groups, all, &mut ug).await?;
+  res.user_groups = ug.into_iter().map(|ug| ug.1).collect();
+
  Ok(())
 }

@@ -539,6 +479,14 @@ fn serialize_resources_toml(
    Procedure::push_to_toml_string(procedure, &mut toml)?;
  }

+  for action in resources.actions {
+    if !toml.is_empty() {
+      toml.push_str("\n\n##\n\n");
+    }
+    toml.push_str("[[action]]\n");
+    Action::push_to_toml_string(action, &mut toml)?;
+  }
+
  for alerter in resources.alerters {
    if !toml.is_empty() {
      toml.push_str("\n\n##\n\n");
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/update.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/update.rs
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{GetUpdate, ListUpdates, ListUpdatesResponse},
  entities::{
+    ResourceTarget,
+    action::Action,
    alerter::Alerter,
    build::Build,
    builder::Builder,
@@ -17,7 +19,6 @@ use komodo_client::{
    sync::ResourceSync,
    update::{Update, UpdateListItem},
    user::User,
-    ResourceTarget,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -27,25 +28,22 @@ use mungos::{
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{
-  config::core_config,
-  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
-};
+use crate::{config::core_config, resource, state::db_client};
+
+use super::ReadArgs;

 const UPDATES_PER_PAGE: i64 = 100;

-impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListUpdates {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListUpdates { query, page }: ListUpdates,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListUpdatesResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListUpdatesResponse> {
    let query = if user.admin || core_config().transparent_mode {
-      query
+      self.query
    } else {
      let server_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Server>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Server>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -55,7 +53,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Server" });

      let deployment_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Deployment>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Deployment>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -65,7 +63,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Deployment" });

      let stack_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Stack>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Stack>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -75,7 +73,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Stack" });

      let build_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Build>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Build>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -85,7 +83,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Build" });

      let repo_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Repo>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Repo>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -95,7 +93,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Repo" });

      let procedure_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Procedure>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Procedure>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -104,8 +102,18 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          })
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Procedure" });

+      let action_query =
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Action>(user)
+          .await?
+          .map(|ids| {
+            doc! {
+              "target.type": "Action", "target.id": { "$in": ids }
+            }
+          })
+          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Action" });
+
      let builder_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Builder>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Builder>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -115,7 +123,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Builder" });

      let alerter_query =
-        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Alerter>(&user)
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<Alerter>(user)
          .await?
          .map(|ids| {
            doc! {
@@ -124,29 +132,29 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          })
          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "Alerter" });

-      let server_template_query = resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .map(|ids| {
-        doc! {
-          "target.type": "ServerTemplate", "target.id": { "$in": ids }
-        }
-      })
-      .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "ServerTemplate" });
+      let server_template_query =
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<ServerTemplate>(user)
+          .await?
+          .map(|ids| {
+            doc! {
+              "target.type": "ServerTemplate", "target.id": { "$in": ids }
+            }
+          })
+          .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "ServerTemplate" });

-      let resource_sync_query = resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
-        &user,
-      )
-      .await?
-      .map(|ids| {
-        doc! {
-          "target.type": "ResourceSync", "target.id": { "$in": ids }
-        }
-      })
-      .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "ResourceSync" });
+      let resource_sync_query =
+        resource::get_resource_ids_for_user::<ResourceSync>(
+          user,
+        )
+        .await?
+        .map(|ids| {
+          doc! {
+            "target.type": "ResourceSync", "target.id": { "$in": ids }
+          }
+        })
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| doc! { "target.type": "ResourceSync" });

-      let mut query = query.unwrap_or_default();
+      let mut query = self.query.unwrap_or_default();
      query.extend(doc! {
        "$or": [
          server_query,
@@ -155,6 +163,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
          build_query,
          repo_query,
          procedure_query,
+          action_query,
          alerter_query,
          builder_query,
          server_template_query,
@@ -176,7 +185,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
      query,
      FindOptions::builder()
        .sort(doc! { "start_ts": -1 })
-        .skip(page as u64 * UPDATES_PER_PAGE as u64)
+        .skip(self.page as u64 * UPDATES_PER_PAGE as u64)
        .limit(UPDATES_PER_PAGE)
        .build(),
    )
@@ -208,7 +217,7 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
    .collect::<Vec<_>>();

    let next_page = if updates.len() == UPDATES_PER_PAGE as usize {
-      Some(page + 1)
+      Some(self.page + 1)
    } else {
      None
    };
@@ -217,13 +226,12 @@ impl Resolve<ListUpdates, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetUpdate {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetUpdate { id }: GetUpdate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    let update = find_one_by_id(&db_client().updates, &id)
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let update = find_one_by_id(&db_client().updates, &self.id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query to db")?
      .context("no update exists with given id")?;
@@ -232,14 +240,14 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
    }
    match &update.target {
      ResourceTarget::System(_) => {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "user must be admin to view system updates"
-        ))
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!("user must be admin to view system updates").into(),
+        );
      }
      ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -247,7 +255,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Deployment(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -255,7 +263,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Build(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -263,7 +271,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Repo(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -271,7 +279,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -279,7 +287,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Alerter(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -287,7 +295,15 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Procedure(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
+          PermissionLevel::Read,
+        )
+        .await?;
+      }
+      ResourceTarget::Action(id) => {
+        resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+          id,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -295,7 +311,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -303,7 +319,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
@@ -311,7 +327,7 @@ impl Resolve<GetUpdate, User> for State {
      ResourceTarget::Stack(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
          id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Read,
        )
        .await?;
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/user.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/user.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::read::{
    FindUser, FindUserResponse, GetUsername, GetUsernameResponse,
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use komodo_client::{
    ListApiKeysForServiceUserResponse, ListApiKeysResponse,
    ListUsers, ListUsersResponse,
  },
-  entities::user::{User, UserConfig},
+  entities::user::{UserConfig, admin_service_user},
 };
 use mungos::{
  by_id::find_one_by_id,
@@ -15,18 +15,23 @@ use mungos::{
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{
-  helpers::query::get_user,
-  state::{db_client, State},
-};
+use crate::{helpers::query::get_user, state::db_client};

-impl Resolve<GetUsername, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetUsername {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetUsername { user_id }: GetUsername,
-    _: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetUsernameResponse> {
-    let user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &user_id)
+    self,
+    _: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetUsernameResponse> {
+    if let Some(user) = admin_service_user(&self.user_id) {
+      return Ok(GetUsernameResponse {
+        username: user.username,
+        avatar: None,
+      });
+    }
+
+    let user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &self.user_id)
      .await
      .context("failed at mongo query for user")?
      .context("no user found with id")?;
@@ -44,27 +49,27 @@ impl Resolve<GetUsername, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<FindUser, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for FindUser {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    FindUser { user }: FindUser,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<FindUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user: admin }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<FindUserResponse> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This method is admin only."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This method is admin only.").into());
    }
-    get_user(&user).await
+    Ok(get_user(&self.user).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListUsers, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListUsers {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListUsers {}: ListUsers,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListUsersResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListUsersResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("this route is only accessable by admins"));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("this route is only accessable by admins").into(),
+      );
    }
    let mut users = find_collect(
      &db_client().users,
@@ -78,12 +83,11 @@ impl Resolve<ListUsers, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListApiKeys, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListApiKeys {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListApiKeys {}: ListApiKeys,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListApiKeysResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListApiKeysResponse> {
    let api_keys = find_collect(
      &db_client().api_keys,
      doc! { "user_id": &user.id },
@@ -101,20 +105,19 @@ impl Resolve<ListApiKeys, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListApiKeysForServiceUser, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListApiKeysForServiceUser {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListApiKeysForServiceUser { user }: ListApiKeysForServiceUser,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListApiKeysForServiceUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user: admin }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListApiKeysForServiceUserResponse> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This method is admin only."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This method is admin only.").into());
    }

-    let user = get_user(&user).await?;
+    let user = get_user(&self.user).await?;

    let UserConfig::Service { .. } = user.config else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Given user is not service user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Given user is not service user").into());
    };
    let api_keys = find_collect(
      &db_client().api_keys,
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/user_group.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/user_group.rs
@@ -1,64 +1,60 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

 use anyhow::Context;
-use komodo_client::{
-  api::read::{
-    GetUserGroup, GetUserGroupResponse, ListUserGroups,
-    ListUserGroupsResponse,
-  },
-  entities::user::User,
-};
+use komodo_client::api::read::*;
 use mungos::{
  find::find_collect,
  mongodb::{
-    bson::{doc, oid::ObjectId, Document},
+    bson::{Document, doc, oid::ObjectId},
    options::FindOptions,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::state::{db_client, State};
+use crate::state::db_client;

-impl Resolve<GetUserGroup, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetUserGroup { user_group }: GetUserGroup,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetUserGroupResponse> {
-    let mut filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user_group) {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetUserGroupResponse> {
+    let mut filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user_group) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &user_group },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &self.user_group },
    };
    // Don't allow non admin users to get UserGroups they aren't a part of.
    if !user.admin {
      // Filter for only UserGroups which contain the users id
      filter.insert("users", &user.id);
    }
-    db_client()
+    let res = db_client()
      .user_groups
      .find_one(filter)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for user groups")?
-      .context("no UserGroup found with given name or id")
+      .context("no UserGroup found with given name or id")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListUserGroups, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListUserGroups {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListUserGroups {}: ListUserGroups,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListUserGroupsResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListUserGroupsResponse> {
    let mut filter = Document::new();
    if !user.admin {
      filter.insert("users", &user.id);
    }
-    find_collect(
+    let res = find_collect(
      &db_client().user_groups,
      filter,
      FindOptions::builder().sort(doc! { "name": 1 }).build(),
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")
+    .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/read/variable.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/read/variable.rs
@@ -1,27 +1,19 @@
 use anyhow::Context;
-use komodo_client::{
-  api::read::{
-    GetVariable, GetVariableResponse, ListVariables,
-    ListVariablesResponse,
-  },
-  entities::user::User,
-};
+use komodo_client::api::read::*;
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
 use mungos::{find::find_collect, mongodb::options::FindOptions};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{
-  helpers::query::get_variable,
-  state::{db_client, State},
-};
+use crate::{helpers::query::get_variable, state::db_client};

-impl Resolve<GetVariable, User> for State {
+use super::ReadArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for GetVariable {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    GetVariable { name }: GetVariable,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<GetVariableResponse> {
-    let mut variable = get_variable(&name).await?;
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<GetVariableResponse> {
+    let mut variable = get_variable(&self.name).await?;
    if !variable.is_secret || user.admin {
      return Ok(variable);
    }
@@ -30,12 +22,11 @@ impl Resolve<GetVariable, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<ListVariables, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<ReadArgs> for ListVariables {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    ListVariables {}: ListVariables,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ListVariablesResponse> {
+    self,
+    ReadArgs { user }: &ReadArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ListVariablesResponse> {
    let variables = find_collect(
      &db_client().variables,
      None,
--- a/bin/core/src/api/user.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/user.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,16 @@
 use std::{collections::VecDeque, time::Instant};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use axum::{middleware, routing::post, Extension, Json, Router};
-use axum_extra::{headers::ContentType, TypedHeader};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use axum::{Extension, Json, Router, middleware, routing::post};
+use derive_variants::EnumVariants;
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::user::{
-    CreateApiKey, CreateApiKeyResponse, DeleteApiKey,
-    DeleteApiKeyResponse, PushRecentlyViewed,
-    PushRecentlyViewedResponse, SetLastSeenUpdate,
-    SetLastSeenUpdateResponse,
-  },
+  api::user::*,
  entities::{api_key::ApiKey, komodo_timestamp, user::User},
 };
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
 use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::to_bson};
-use resolver_api::{derive::Resolver, Resolve, Resolver};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use response::Response;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use typeshare::typeshare;
 use uuid::Uuid;
@@ -22,13 +18,20 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use crate::{
  auth::auth_request,
  helpers::{query::get_user, random_string},
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
 };

+pub struct UserArgs {
+  pub user: User,
+}
+
 #[typeshare]
-#[derive(Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolver)]
-#[resolver_target(State)]
-#[resolver_args(User)]
+#[derive(
+  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolve, EnumVariants,
+)]
+#[args(UserArgs)]
+#[response(Response)]
+#[error(serror::Error)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", content = "params")]
 enum UserRequest {
  PushRecentlyViewed(PushRecentlyViewed),
@@ -47,47 +50,37 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn handler(
  Extension(user): Extension<User>,
  Json(request): Json<UserRequest>,
-) -> serror::Result<(TypedHeader<ContentType>, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<axum::response::Response> {
  let timer = Instant::now();
  let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();
  debug!(
    "/user request {req_id} | user: {} ({})",
    user.username, user.id
  );
-  let res =
-    State
-      .resolve_request(request, user)
-      .await
-      .map_err(|e| match e {
-        resolver_api::Error::Serialization(e) => {
-          anyhow!("{e:?}").context("response serialization error")
-        }
-        resolver_api::Error::Inner(e) => e,
-      });
+  let res = request.resolve(&UserArgs { user }).await;
  if let Err(e) = &res {
-    warn!("/user request {req_id} error: {e:#}");
+    warn!("/user request {req_id} error: {:#}", e.error);
  }
  let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
  debug!("/user request {req_id} | resolve time: {elapsed:?}");
-  Ok((TypedHeader(ContentType::json()), res?))
+  res.map(|res| res.0)
 }

 const RECENTLY_VIEWED_MAX: usize = 10;

-impl Resolve<PushRecentlyViewed, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<UserArgs> for PushRecentlyViewed {
  #[instrument(
    name = "PushRecentlyViewed",
    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
+    skip(user)
  )]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    PushRecentlyViewed { resource }: PushRecentlyViewed,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<PushRecentlyViewedResponse> {
+    self,
+    UserArgs { user }: &UserArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<PushRecentlyViewedResponse> {
    let user = get_user(&user.id).await?;

-    let (resource_type, id) = resource.extract_variant_id();
+    let (resource_type, id) = self.resource.extract_variant_id();
    let update = match user.recents.get(&resource_type) {
      Some(recents) => {
        let mut recents = recents
@@ -117,17 +110,16 @@ impl Resolve<PushRecentlyViewed, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<SetLastSeenUpdate, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<UserArgs> for SetLastSeenUpdate {
  #[instrument(
    name = "SetLastSeenUpdate",
    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
+    skip(user)
  )]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    SetLastSeenUpdate {}: SetLastSeenUpdate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<SetLastSeenUpdateResponse> {
+    self,
+    UserArgs { user }: &UserArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<SetLastSeenUpdateResponse> {
    update_one_by_id(
      &db_client().users,
      &user.id,
@@ -145,17 +137,12 @@ impl Resolve<SetLastSeenUpdate, User> for State {
 const SECRET_LENGTH: usize = 40;
 const BCRYPT_COST: u32 = 10;

-impl Resolve<CreateApiKey, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(
-    name = "CreateApiKey",
-    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
-  )]
+impl Resolve<UserArgs> for CreateApiKey {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateApiKey", level = "debug", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateApiKey { name, expires }: CreateApiKey,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateApiKeyResponse> {
+    self,
+    UserArgs { user }: &UserArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateApiKeyResponse> {
    let user = get_user(&user.id).await?;

    let key = format!("K-{}", random_string(SECRET_LENGTH));
@@ -164,12 +151,12 @@ impl Resolve<CreateApiKey, User> for State {
      .context("failed at hashing secret string")?;

    let api_key = ApiKey {
-      name,
+      name: self.name,
      key: key.clone(),
      secret: secret_hash,
      user_id: user.id.clone(),
      created_at: komodo_timestamp(),
-      expires,
+      expires: self.expires,
    };
    db_client()
      .api_keys
@@ -180,26 +167,21 @@ impl Resolve<CreateApiKey, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteApiKey, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(
-    name = "DeleteApiKey",
-    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
-  )]
+impl Resolve<UserArgs> for DeleteApiKey {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteApiKey", level = "debug", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteApiKey { key }: DeleteApiKey,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteApiKeyResponse> {
+    self,
+    UserArgs { user }: &UserArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteApiKeyResponse> {
    let client = db_client();
    let key = client
      .api_keys
-      .find_one(doc! { "key": &key })
+      .find_one(doc! { "key": &self.key })
      .await
      .context("failed at db query")?
      .context("no api key with key found")?;
    if user.id != key.user_id {
-      return Err(anyhow!("api key does not belong to user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("api key does not belong to user").into());
    }
    client
      .api_keys
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/action.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/action.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+use komodo_client::{
+  api::write::*,
+  entities::{
+    action::Action, permission::PermissionLevel, update::Update,
+  },
+};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+
+use crate::resource;
+
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateAction", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Action> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Action>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyAction", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Action> {
+    let Action { config, .. } =
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+        &self.id,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Write,
+      )
+      .await?;
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Action>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateAction", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Action> {
+    Ok(resource::update::<Action>(&self.id, self.config, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameAction", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Action>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteAction {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteAction", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Action> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Action>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/alerter.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/alerter.rs
@@ -1,61 +1,77 @@
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::write::{
-    CopyAlerter, CreateAlerter, DeleteAlerter, UpdateAlerter,
-  },
+  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    alerter::Alerter, permission::PermissionLevel, user::User,
+    alerter::Alerter, permission::PermissionLevel, update::Update,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{resource, state::State};
+use crate::resource;

-impl Resolve<CreateAlerter, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateAlerter", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateAlerter { name, config }: CreateAlerter,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Alerter> {
-    resource::create::<Alerter>(&name, config, &user).await
-  }
-}
+use super::WriteArgs;

-impl Resolve<CopyAlerter, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyAlerter", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateAlerter", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyAlerter { name, id }: CopyAlerter,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Alerter> {
-    let Alerter { config, .. } = resource::get_check_permissions::<
-      Alerter,
-    >(
-      &id, &user, PermissionLevel::Write
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Alerter> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Alerter>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
    )
-    .await?;
-    resource::create::<Alerter>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteAlerter, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteAlerter", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyAlerter", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteAlerter { id }: DeleteAlerter,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Alerter> {
-    resource::delete::<Alerter>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Alerter> {
+    let Alerter { config, .. } =
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
+        &self.id,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Write,
+      )
+      .await?;
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Alerter>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateAlerter, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateAlerter", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteAlerter", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateAlerter { id, config }: UpdateAlerter,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Alerter> {
-    resource::update::<Alerter>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Alerter> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Alerter>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateAlerter", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Alerter> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::update::<Alerter>(&self.id, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameAlerter {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameAlerter", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Alerter>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/build.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/build.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use std::{path::PathBuf, str::FromStr, time::Duration};
+
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use formatting::format_serror;
 use git::GitRes;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
+    CloneArgs, FileContents, NoData, Operation, all_logs_success,
    build::{Build, BuildInfo, PartialBuildConfig},
+    builder::{Builder, BuilderConfig},
    config::core::CoreConfig,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
-    user::User,
-    CloneArgs, NoData,
+    server::ServerState,
+    update::Update,
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
@@ -15,137 +20,385 @@ use mungos::mongodb::bson::to_document;
 use octorust::types::{
  ReposCreateWebhookRequest, ReposCreateWebhookRequestConfig,
 };
+use periphery_client::{
+  PeripheryClient,
+  api::build::{
+    GetDockerfileContentsOnHost, WriteDockerfileContentsToHost,
+  },
+};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use tokio::fs;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
-  helpers::git_token,
+  helpers::{
+    git_token, periphery_client,
+    query::get_server_with_state,
+    update::{add_update, make_update},
+  },
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, github_client, State},
+  state::{db_client, github_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateBuild, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuild", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuild", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateBuild { name, config }: CreateBuild,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Build> {
-    resource::create::<Build>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Build> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Build>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyBuild, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyBuild", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyBuild", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyBuild { name, id }: CopyBuild,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Build> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Build> {
    let Build { mut config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
    // reset version to 0.0.0
    config.version = Default::default();
-    resource::create::<Build>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Build>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteBuild, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuild", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuild", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Build> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Build>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateBuild", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteBuild { id }: DeleteBuild,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Build> {
-    resource::delete::<Build>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Build> {
+    Ok(resource::update::<Build>(&self.id, self.config, user).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateBuild, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateBuild", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameBuild {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameBuild", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateBuild { id, config }: UpdateBuild,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Build> {
-    resource::update::<Build>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Build>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RefreshBuildCache, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for WriteBuildFileContents {
+  #[instrument(name = "WriteBuildFileContents", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
+      &self.build,
+      &args.user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    if !build.config.files_on_host && build.config.repo.is_empty() {
+      return Err(anyhow!(
+        "Build is not configured to use Files on Host or Git Repo, can't write dockerfile contents"
+      ).into());
+    }
+
+    let mut update =
+      make_update(&build, Operation::WriteDockerfile, &args.user);
+
+    update.push_simple_log("Dockerfile to write", &self.contents);
+
+    if build.config.files_on_host {
+      match get_on_host_periphery(&build)
+        .await?
+        .request(WriteDockerfileContentsToHost {
+          name: build.name,
+          build_path: build.config.build_path,
+          dockerfile_path: build.config.dockerfile_path,
+          contents: self.contents,
+        })
+        .await
+        .context("Failed to write dockerfile contents to host")
+      {
+        Ok(log) => {
+          update.logs.push(log);
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+          update.push_error_log(
+            "Write Dockerfile Contents",
+            format_serror(&e.into()),
+          );
+        }
+      };
+
+      if !all_logs_success(&update.logs) {
+        update.finalize();
+        update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+        return Ok(update);
+      }
+
+      if let Err(e) =
+        (RefreshBuildCache { build: build.id }).resolve(args).await
+      {
+        update.push_error_log(
+          "Refresh build cache",
+          format_serror(&e.error.into()),
+        );
+      }
+
+      update.finalize();
+      update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+      Ok(update)
+    } else {
+      write_dockerfile_contents_git(self, args, build, update).await
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+async fn write_dockerfile_contents_git(
+  req: WriteBuildFileContents,
+  args: &WriteArgs,
+  build: Build,
+  mut update: Update,
+) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+  let WriteBuildFileContents { build: _, contents } = req;
+
+  let mut clone_args: CloneArgs = (&build).into();
+  let root = clone_args.unique_path(&core_config().repo_directory)?;
+
+  let build_path = build
+    .config
+    .build_path
+    .parse::<PathBuf>()
+    .context("Invalid build path")?;
+  let dockerfile_path = build
+    .config
+    .dockerfile_path
+    .parse::<PathBuf>()
+    .context("Invalid dockerfile path")?;
+
+  let full_path = root.join(&build_path).join(&dockerfile_path);
+
+  if let Some(parent) = full_path.parent() {
+    fs::create_dir_all(parent).await.with_context(|| {
+      format!(
+        "Failed to initialize dockerfile parent directory {parent:?}"
+      )
+    })?;
+  }
+
+  // Ensure the folder is initialized as git repo.
+  // This allows a new file to be committed on a branch that may not exist.
+  if !root.join(".git").exists() {
+    let access_token = if let Some(account) = &clone_args.account {
+      git_token(&clone_args.provider, account, |https| clone_args.https = https)
+      .await
+      .with_context(
+        || format!("Failed to get git token in call to db. Stopping run. | {} | {account}", clone_args.provider),
+      )?
+    } else {
+      None
+    };
+
+    git::init_folder_as_repo(
+      &root,
+      &clone_args,
+      access_token.as_deref(),
+      &mut update.logs,
+    )
+    .await;
+
+    if !all_logs_success(&update.logs) {
+      update.finalize();
+      update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+      return Ok(update);
+    }
+  }
+
+  if let Err(e) =
+    fs::write(&full_path, &contents).await.with_context(|| {
+      format!("Failed to write dockerfile contents to {full_path:?}")
+    })
+  {
+    update
+      .push_error_log("Write Dockerfile", format_serror(&e.into()));
+  } else {
+    update.push_simple_log(
+      "Write Dockerfile",
+      format!("File written to {full_path:?}"),
+    );
+  };
+
+  if !all_logs_success(&update.logs) {
+    update.finalize();
+    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    return Ok(update);
+  }
+
+  let commit_res = git::commit_file(
+    &format!("{}: Commit Dockerfile", args.user.username),
+    &root,
+    &build_path.join(&dockerfile_path),
+    &build.config.branch,
+  )
+  .await;
+
+  update.logs.extend(commit_res.logs);
+
+  if let Err(e) = (RefreshBuildCache { build: build.name })
+    .resolve(args)
+    .await
+  {
+    update.push_error_log(
+      "Refresh build cache",
+      format_serror(&e.error.into()),
+    );
+  }
+
+  update.finalize();
+  update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+  Ok(update)
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RefreshBuildCache {
  #[instrument(
    name = "RefreshBuildCache",
    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
+    skip(user)
  )]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RefreshBuildCache { build }: RefreshBuildCache,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<NoData> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
    // Even though this is a write request, this doesn't change any config. Anyone that can execute the
    // build should be able to do this.
    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;

-    if build.config.repo.is_empty()
-      || build.config.git_provider.is_empty()
-    {
-      // Nothing to do here
-      return Ok(NoData {});
-    }
+    let (
+      remote_path,
+      remote_contents,
+      remote_error,
+      latest_hash,
+      latest_message,
+    ) = if build.config.files_on_host {
+      // =============
+      // FILES ON HOST
+      // =============
+      match get_on_host_dockerfile(&build).await {
+        Ok(FileContents { path, contents }) => {
+          (Some(path), Some(contents), None, None, None)
+        }
+        Err(e) => {
+          (None, None, Some(format_serror(&e.into())), None, None)
+        }
+      }
+    } else if !build.config.repo.is_empty() {
+      // ================
+      // REPO BASED BUILD
+      // ================
+      if build.config.git_provider.is_empty() {
+        // Nothing to do here
+        return Ok(NoData {});
+      }
+      let config = core_config();

-    let config = core_config();
+      let mut clone_args: CloneArgs = (&build).into();
+      let repo_path =
+        clone_args.unique_path(&core_config().repo_directory)?;
+      clone_args.destination = Some(repo_path.display().to_string());
+      // Don't want to run these on core.
+      clone_args.on_clone = None;
+      clone_args.on_pull = None;

-    let mut clone_args: CloneArgs = (&build).into();
-    let repo_path =
-      clone_args.unique_path(&core_config().repo_directory)?;
-    clone_args.destination = Some(repo_path.display().to_string());
-    // Don't want to run these on core.
-    clone_args.on_clone = None;
-    clone_args.on_pull = None;
-
-    let access_token = if let Some(username) = &clone_args.account {
-      git_token(&clone_args.provider, username, |https| {
+      let access_token = if let Some(username) = &clone_args.account {
+        git_token(&clone_args.provider, username, |https| {
          clone_args.https = https
        })
        .await
        .with_context(
          || format!("Failed to get git token in call to db. Stopping run. | {} | {username}", clone_args.provider),
        )?
-    } else {
-      None
-    };
+      } else {
+        None
+      };

-    let GitRes {
-      hash: latest_hash,
-      message: latest_message,
-      ..
-    } = git::pull_or_clone(
-      clone_args,
-      &config.repo_directory,
-      access_token,
-      &[],
-      "",
-      None,
-      &[],
-    )
-    .await
-    .context("failed to clone build repo")?;
+      let GitRes { hash, message, .. } = git::pull_or_clone(
+        clone_args,
+        &config.repo_directory,
+        access_token,
+        &[],
+        "",
+        None,
+        &[],
+      )
+      .await
+      .context("failed to clone build repo")?;
+
+      let relative_path = PathBuf::from_str(&build.config.build_path)
+        .context("Invalid build path")?
+        .join(&build.config.dockerfile_path);
+
+      let full_path = repo_path.join(&relative_path);
+      let (contents, error) = match fs::read_to_string(&full_path)
+        .await
+        .with_context(|| {
+          format!(
+            "Failed to read dockerfile contents at {full_path:?}"
+          )
+        }) {
+        Ok(contents) => (Some(contents), None),
+        Err(e) => (None, Some(format_serror(&e.into()))),
+      };
+
+      (
+        Some(relative_path.display().to_string()),
+        contents,
+        error,
+        hash,
+        message,
+      )
+    } else {
+      // =============
+      // UI BASED FILE
+      // =============
+      (None, None, None, None, None)
+    };

    let info = BuildInfo {
      last_built_at: build.info.last_built_at,
      built_hash: build.info.built_hash,
      built_message: build.info.built_message,
+      built_contents: build.info.built_contents,
+      remote_path,
+      remote_contents,
+      remote_error,
      latest_hash,
      latest_message,
    };
@@ -166,39 +419,101 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshBuildCache, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateBuildWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuildWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+async fn get_on_host_periphery(
+  build: &Build,
+) -> anyhow::Result<PeripheryClient> {
+  if build.config.builder_id.is_empty() {
+    return Err(anyhow!("No builder associated with build"));
+  }
+
+  let builder = resource::get::<Builder>(&build.config.builder_id)
+    .await
+    .context("Failed to get builder")?;
+
+  match builder.config {
+    BuilderConfig::Aws(_) => {
+      Err(anyhow!("Files on host doesn't work with AWS builder"))
+    }
+    BuilderConfig::Url(config) => {
+      let periphery = PeripheryClient::new(
+        config.address,
+        config.passkey,
+        Duration::from_secs(3),
+      );
+      periphery.health_check().await?;
+      Ok(periphery)
+    }
+    BuilderConfig::Server(config) => {
+      if config.server_id.is_empty() {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+          "Builder is type server, but has no server attached"
+        ));
+      }
+      let (server, state) =
+        get_server_with_state(&config.server_id).await?;
+      if state != ServerState::Ok {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+          "Builder server is disabled or not reachable"
+        ));
+      };
+      periphery_client(&server)
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/// The successful case will be included as Some(remote_contents).
+/// The error case will be included as Some(remote_error)
+async fn get_on_host_dockerfile(
+  build: &Build,
+) -> anyhow::Result<FileContents> {
+  get_on_host_periphery(build)
+    .await?
+    .request(GetDockerfileContentsOnHost {
+      name: build.name.clone(),
+      build_path: build.config.build_path.clone(),
+      dockerfile_path: build.config.dockerfile_path.clone(),
+    })
+    .await
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateBuildWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuildWebhook", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateBuildWebhook { build }: CreateBuildWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateBuildWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateBuildWebhookResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

+    let WriteArgs { user } = args;
+
    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if build.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't create webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't create webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = build.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Build repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo =
@@ -259,64 +574,65 @@ impl Resolve<CreateBuildWebhook, User> for State {
      .context("failed to create webhook")?;

    if !build.config.webhook_enabled {
-      self
-        .resolve(
-          UpdateBuild {
-            id: build.id,
-            config: PartialBuildConfig {
-              webhook_enabled: Some(true),
-              ..Default::default()
-            },
-          },
-          user,
-        )
-        .await
-        .context("failed to update build to enable webhook")?;
+      UpdateBuild {
+        id: build.id,
+        config: PartialBuildConfig {
+          webhook_enabled: Some(true),
+          ..Default::default()
+        },
+      }
+      .resolve(args)
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
+      .context("failed to update build to enable webhook")?;
    }

    Ok(NoData {})
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteBuildWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuildWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteBuildWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuildWebhook", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteBuildWebhook { build }: DeleteBuildWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteBuildWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteBuildWebhookResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

    let build = resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
-      &build,
-      &user,
+      &self.build,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if build.config.git_provider != "github.com" {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Can only manage github.com repo webhooks"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Can only manage github.com repo webhooks").into(),
+      );
    }

    if build.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't delete webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't delete webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = build.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Build repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo =
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/builder.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/builder.rs
@@ -1,59 +1,77 @@
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    builder::Builder, permission::PermissionLevel, user::User,
+    builder::Builder, permission::PermissionLevel, update::Update,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{resource, state::State};
+use crate::resource;

-impl Resolve<CreateBuilder, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuilder", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateBuilder { name, config }: CreateBuilder,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Builder> {
-    resource::create::<Builder>(&name, config, &user).await
-  }
-}
+use super::WriteArgs;

-impl Resolve<CopyBuilder, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyBuilder", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateBuilder {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateBuilder", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyBuilder { name, id }: CopyBuilder,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Builder> {
-    let Builder { config, .. } = resource::get_check_permissions::<
-      Builder,
-    >(
-      &id, &user, PermissionLevel::Write
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Builder> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Builder>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
    )
-    .await?;
-    resource::create::<Builder>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteBuilder, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuilder", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyBuilder {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyBuilder", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteBuilder { id }: DeleteBuilder,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Builder> {
-    resource::delete::<Builder>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Builder> {
+    let Builder { config, .. } =
+      resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
+        &self.id,
+        user,
+        PermissionLevel::Write,
+      )
+      .await?;
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Builder>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateBuilder, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateBuilder", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteBuilder {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteBuilder", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateBuilder { id, config }: UpdateBuilder,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Builder> {
-    resource::update::<Builder>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Builder> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Builder>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateBuilder {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateBuilder", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Builder> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::update::<Builder>(&self.id, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameBuilder {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameBuilder", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Builder>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/deployment.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/deployment.rs
@@ -1,19 +1,22 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    deployment::{Deployment, DeploymentState},
+    Operation,
+    deployment::{
+      Deployment, DeploymentImage, DeploymentState,
+      PartialDeploymentConfig, RestartMode,
+    },
+    docker::container::RestartPolicyNameEnum,
    komodo_timestamp,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
-    server::Server,
+    server::{Server, ServerState},
    to_komodo_name,
    update::Update,
-    user::User,
-    Operation,
  },
 };
 use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::doc};
-use periphery_client::api;
+use periphery_client::api::{self, container::InspectContainer};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
@@ -23,70 +26,171 @@ use crate::{
    update::{add_update, make_update},
  },
  resource,
-  state::{action_states, db_client, State},
+  state::{action_states, db_client, server_status_cache},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateDeployment, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateDeployment", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateDeployment", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateDeployment { name, config }: CreateDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Deployment> {
-    resource::create::<Deployment>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Deployment>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyDeployment, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyDeployment", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyDeployment", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyDeployment { name, id }: CopyDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Deployment> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
    let Deployment { config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
-    resource::create::<Deployment>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Deployment>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteDeployment, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteDeployment", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateDeploymentFromContainer {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateDeploymentFromContainer", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteDeployment { id }: DeleteDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Deployment> {
-    resource::delete::<Deployment>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
+    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
+      &self.server,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let cache = server_status_cache()
+      .get_or_insert_default(&server.id)
+      .await;
+    if cache.state != ServerState::Ok {
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "Cannot inspect container: server is {:?}",
+          cache.state
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
+    }
+    let container = periphery_client(&server)?
+      .request(InspectContainer {
+        name: self.name.clone(),
+      })
+      .await
+      .context("Failed to inspect container")?;
+
+    let mut config = PartialDeploymentConfig {
+      server_id: server.id.into(),
+      ..Default::default()
+    };
+
+    if let Some(container_config) = container.config {
+      config.image = container_config
+        .image
+        .map(|image| DeploymentImage::Image { image });
+      config.command = container_config.cmd.join(" ").into();
+      config.environment = container_config
+        .env
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|env| format!("  {env}"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("\n")
+        .into();
+      config.labels = container_config
+        .labels
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(key, val)| format!("  {key}: {val}"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("\n")
+        .into();
+    }
+    if let Some(host_config) = container.host_config {
+      config.volumes = host_config
+        .binds
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|bind| format!("  {bind}"))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("\n")
+        .into();
+      config.network = host_config.network_mode;
+      config.ports = host_config
+        .port_bindings
+        .into_iter()
+        .filter_map(|(container, mut host)| {
+          let host = host.pop()?.host_port?;
+          Some(format!("  {host}:{}", container.replace("/tcp", "")))
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("\n")
+        .into();
+      config.restart = host_config.restart_policy.map(|restart| {
+        match restart.name {
+          RestartPolicyNameEnum::Always => RestartMode::Always,
+          RestartPolicyNameEnum::No
+          | RestartPolicyNameEnum::Empty => RestartMode::NoRestart,
+          RestartPolicyNameEnum::UnlessStopped => {
+            RestartMode::UnlessStopped
+          }
+          RestartPolicyNameEnum::OnFailure => RestartMode::OnFailure,
+        }
+      });
+    }
+
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Deployment>(&self.name, config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateDeployment, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateDeployment", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteDeployment", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateDeployment { id, config }: UpdateDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Deployment> {
-    resource::update::<Deployment>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Deployment>(&self.id, args).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RenameDeployment, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RenameDeployment", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateDeployment", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RenameDeployment { id, name }: RenameDeployment,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Deployment> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::update::<Deployment>(&self.id, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameDeployment {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameDeployment", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let deployment = resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
-      &id,
-      &user,
+      &self.id,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -102,18 +206,21 @@ impl Resolve<RenameDeployment, User> for State {
    let _action_guard =
      action_state.update(|state| state.renaming = true)?;

-    let name = to_komodo_name(&name);
+    let name = to_komodo_name(&self.name);

    let container_state = get_deployment_state(&deployment).await?;

    if container_state == DeploymentState::Unknown {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "cannot rename deployment when container status is unknown"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "Cannot rename Deployment when container status is unknown"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut update =
-      make_update(&deployment, Operation::RenameDeployment, &user);
+      make_update(&deployment, Operation::RenameDeployment, user);

    update_one_by_id(
      &db_client().deployments,
@@ -124,7 +231,7 @@ impl Resolve<RenameDeployment, User> for State {
      None,
    )
    .await
-    .context("failed to update deployment name on db")?;
+    .context("Failed to update Deployment name on db")?;

    if container_state != DeploymentState::NotDeployed {
      let server =
@@ -135,20 +242,19 @@ impl Resolve<RenameDeployment, User> for State {
          new_name: name.clone(),
        })
        .await
-        .context("failed to rename container on server")?;
+        .context("Failed to rename container on server")?;
      update.logs.push(log);
    }

    update.push_simple_log(
-      "rename deployment",
+      "Rename Deployment",
      format!(
-        "renamed deployment from {} to {}",
+        "Renamed Deployment from {} to {}",
        deployment.name, name
      ),
    );
    update.finalize();
-
-    add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;

    Ok(update)
  }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/description.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/description.rs
@@ -2,109 +2,118 @@ use anyhow::anyhow;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::{UpdateDescription, UpdateDescriptionResponse},
  entities::{
-    alerter::Alerter, build::Build, builder::Builder,
-    deployment::Deployment, procedure::Procedure, repo::Repo,
-    server::Server, server_template::ServerTemplate, stack::Stack,
-    sync::ResourceSync, user::User, ResourceTarget,
+    ResourceTarget, action::Action, alerter::Alerter, build::Build,
+    builder::Builder, deployment::Deployment, procedure::Procedure,
+    repo::Repo, server::Server, server_template::ServerTemplate,
+    stack::Stack, sync::ResourceSync,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{resource, state::State};
+use crate::resource;

-impl Resolve<UpdateDescription, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateDescription", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateDescription {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateDescription", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateDescription {
-      target,
-      description,
-    }: UpdateDescription,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateDescriptionResponse> {
-    match target {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateDescriptionResponse> {
+    match self.target {
      ResourceTarget::System(_) => {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "cannot update description of System resource target"
-        ))
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!(
+            "cannot update description of System resource target"
+          )
+          .into(),
+        );
      }
      ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Server>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Deployment(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Deployment>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Build(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Build>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Repo(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Repo>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Builder>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Alerter(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Alerter>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Procedure(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Procedure>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
+        )
+        .await?;
+      }
+      ResourceTarget::Action(id) => {
+        resource::update_description::<Action>(
+          &id,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<ServerTemplate>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<ResourceSync>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Stack(id) => {
        resource::update_description::<Stack>(
          &id,
-          &description,
-          &user,
+          &self.description,
+          user,
        )
        .await?;
      }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/mod.rs
@@ -1,18 +1,19 @@
 use std::time::Instant;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use axum::{middleware, routing::post, Extension, Router};
-use axum_extra::{headers::ContentType, TypedHeader};
+use anyhow::Context;
+use axum::{Extension, Router, middleware, routing::post};
 use derive_variants::{EnumVariants, ExtractVariant};
 use komodo_client::{api::write::*, entities::user::User};
-use resolver_api::{derive::Resolver, Resolver};
+use resolver_api::Resolve;
+use response::Response;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use serror::Json;
 use typeshare::typeshare;
 use uuid::Uuid;

-use crate::{auth::auth_request, state::State};
+use crate::auth::auth_request;

+mod action;
 mod alerter;
 mod build;
 mod builder;
@@ -32,13 +33,18 @@ mod user;
 mod user_group;
 mod variable;

+pub struct WriteArgs {
+  pub user: User,
+}
+
 #[typeshare]
 #[derive(
-  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolver, EnumVariants,
+  Serialize, Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Resolve, EnumVariants,
 )]
 #[variant_derive(Debug)]
-#[resolver_target(State)]
-#[resolver_args(User)]
+#[args(WriteArgs)]
+#[response(Response)]
+#[error(serror::Error)]
 #[serde(tag = "type", content = "params")]
 pub enum WriteRequest {
  // ==== USER ====
@@ -75,10 +81,14 @@ pub enum WriteRequest {
  UpdateServer(UpdateServer),
  RenameServer(RenameServer),
  CreateNetwork(CreateNetwork),
+  CreateTerminal(CreateTerminal),
+  DeleteTerminal(DeleteTerminal),
+  DeleteAllTerminals(DeleteAllTerminals),

  // ==== DEPLOYMENT ====
  CreateDeployment(CreateDeployment),
  CopyDeployment(CopyDeployment),
+  CreateDeploymentFromContainer(CreateDeploymentFromContainer),
  DeleteDeployment(DeleteDeployment),
  UpdateDeployment(UpdateDeployment),
  RenameDeployment(RenameDeployment),
@@ -88,6 +98,8 @@ pub enum WriteRequest {
  CopyBuild(CopyBuild),
  DeleteBuild(DeleteBuild),
  UpdateBuild(UpdateBuild),
+  RenameBuild(RenameBuild),
+  WriteBuildFileContents(WriteBuildFileContents),
  RefreshBuildCache(RefreshBuildCache),
  CreateBuildWebhook(CreateBuildWebhook),
  DeleteBuildWebhook(DeleteBuildWebhook),
@@ -97,18 +109,21 @@ pub enum WriteRequest {
  CopyBuilder(CopyBuilder),
  DeleteBuilder(DeleteBuilder),
  UpdateBuilder(UpdateBuilder),
+  RenameBuilder(RenameBuilder),

  // ==== SERVER TEMPLATE ====
  CreateServerTemplate(CreateServerTemplate),
  CopyServerTemplate(CopyServerTemplate),
  DeleteServerTemplate(DeleteServerTemplate),
  UpdateServerTemplate(UpdateServerTemplate),
+  RenameServerTemplate(RenameServerTemplate),

  // ==== REPO ====
  CreateRepo(CreateRepo),
  CopyRepo(CopyRepo),
  DeleteRepo(DeleteRepo),
  UpdateRepo(UpdateRepo),
+  RenameRepo(RenameRepo),
  RefreshRepoCache(RefreshRepoCache),
  CreateRepoWebhook(CreateRepoWebhook),
  DeleteRepoWebhook(DeleteRepoWebhook),
@@ -118,18 +133,28 @@ pub enum WriteRequest {
  CopyAlerter(CopyAlerter),
  DeleteAlerter(DeleteAlerter),
  UpdateAlerter(UpdateAlerter),
+  RenameAlerter(RenameAlerter),

  // ==== PROCEDURE ====
  CreateProcedure(CreateProcedure),
  CopyProcedure(CopyProcedure),
  DeleteProcedure(DeleteProcedure),
  UpdateProcedure(UpdateProcedure),
+  RenameProcedure(RenameProcedure),
+
+  // ==== ACTION ====
+  CreateAction(CreateAction),
+  CopyAction(CopyAction),
+  DeleteAction(DeleteAction),
+  UpdateAction(UpdateAction),
+  RenameAction(RenameAction),

  // ==== SYNC ====
  CreateResourceSync(CreateResourceSync),
  CopyResourceSync(CopyResourceSync),
  DeleteResourceSync(DeleteResourceSync),
  UpdateResourceSync(UpdateResourceSync),
+  RenameResourceSync(RenameResourceSync),
  WriteSyncFileContents(WriteSyncFileContents),
  CommitSync(CommitSync),
  RefreshResourceSyncPending(RefreshResourceSyncPending),
@@ -151,6 +176,7 @@ pub enum WriteRequest {
  CreateTag(CreateTag),
  DeleteTag(DeleteTag),
  RenameTag(RenameTag),
+  UpdateTagColor(UpdateTagColor),
  UpdateTagsOnResource(UpdateTagsOnResource),

  // ==== VARIABLE ====
@@ -178,18 +204,14 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn handler(
  Extension(user): Extension<User>,
  Json(request): Json<WriteRequest>,
-) -> serror::Result<(TypedHeader<ContentType>, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<axum::response::Response> {
  let req_id = Uuid::new_v4();

  let res = tokio::spawn(task(req_id, request, user))
    .await
    .context("failure in spawned task");

-  if let Err(e) = &res {
-    warn!("/write request {req_id} spawn error: {e:#}");
-  }
-
-  Ok((TypedHeader(ContentType::json()), res??))
+  res?
 }

 #[instrument(
@@ -204,28 +226,19 @@ async fn task(
  req_id: Uuid,
  request: WriteRequest,
  user: User,
-) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+) -> serror::Result<axum::response::Response> {
  info!("/write request | user: {}", user.username);

  let timer = Instant::now();

-  let res =
-    State
-      .resolve_request(request, user)
-      .await
-      .map_err(|e| match e {
-        resolver_api::Error::Serialization(e) => {
-          anyhow!("{e:?}").context("response serialization error")
-        }
-        resolver_api::Error::Inner(e) => e,
-      });
+  let res = request.resolve(&WriteArgs { user }).await;

  if let Err(e) = &res {
-    warn!("/write request {req_id} error: {e:#}");
+    warn!("/write request {req_id} error: {:#}", e.error);
  }

  let elapsed = timer.elapsed();
  debug!("/write request {req_id} | resolve time: {elapsed:?}");

-  res
+  res.map(|res| res.0)
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/permissions.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/permissions.rs
@@ -1,60 +1,56 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::write::{
-    UpdatePermissionOnResourceType,
-    UpdatePermissionOnResourceTypeResponse, UpdatePermissionOnTarget,
-    UpdatePermissionOnTargetResponse, UpdateUserAdmin,
-    UpdateUserAdminResponse, UpdateUserBasePermissions,
-    UpdateUserBasePermissionsResponse,
-  },
+  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    permission::{UserTarget, UserTargetVariant},
-    user::User,
    ResourceTarget, ResourceTargetVariant,
+    permission::{UserTarget, UserTargetVariant},
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
  by_id::{find_one_by_id, update_one_by_id},
  mongodb::{
-    bson::{doc, oid::ObjectId, Document},
+    bson::{Document, doc, oid::ObjectId},
    options::UpdateOptions,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{
-  helpers::query::get_user,
-  state::{db_client, State},
-};
+use crate::{helpers::query::get_user, state::db_client};

-impl Resolve<UpdateUserAdmin, User> for State {
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateUserAdmin {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateUserAdmin", skip(super_admin))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateUserAdmin { user_id, admin }: UpdateUserAdmin,
-    super_admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateUserAdminResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: super_admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateUserAdminResponse> {
    if !super_admin.super_admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Only super admins can call this method."));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only super admins can call this method.").into(),
+      );
    }
-    let user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &user_id)
+    let user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &self.user_id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query mongo for user")?
      .context("did not find user with given id")?;

    if !user.enabled {
-      return Err(anyhow!("User is disabled. Enable user first."));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("User is disabled. Enable user first.").into(),
+      );
    }

    if user.super_admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Cannot update other super admins"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Cannot update other super admins").into());
    }

    update_one_by_id(
      &db_client().users,
-      &user_id,
-      doc! { "$set": { "admin": admin } },
+      &self.user_id,
+      doc! { "$set": { "admin": self.admin } },
      None,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -63,20 +59,21 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateUserAdmin, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateUserBasePermissions, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateUserBasePermissions", skip(self, admin))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateUserBasePermissions {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateUserBasePermissions", skip(admin))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateUserBasePermissions {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateUserBasePermissionsResponse> {
+    let UpdateUserBasePermissions {
      user_id,
      enabled,
      create_servers,
      create_builds,
-    }: UpdateUserBasePermissions,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateUserBasePermissionsResponse> {
+    } = self;
+
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only").into());
    }

    let user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &user_id)
@@ -84,14 +81,17 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateUserBasePermissions, User> for State {
      .context("failed to query mongo for user")?
      .context("did not find user with given id")?;
    if user.super_admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot use this method to update super admins permissions"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "Cannot use this method to update super admins permissions"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    }
    if user.admin && !admin.super_admin {
      return Err(anyhow!(
        "Only super admins can use this method to update other admins permissions"
-      ));
+      ).into());
    }
    let mut update_doc = Document::new();
    if let Some(enabled) = enabled {
@@ -116,34 +116,35 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateUserBasePermissions, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdatePermissionOnResourceType, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(
-    name = "UpdatePermissionOnResourceType",
-    skip(self, admin)
-  )]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdatePermissionOnResourceType {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdatePermissionOnResourceType", skip(admin))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdatePermissionOnResourceType {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdatePermissionOnResourceTypeResponse> {
+    let UpdatePermissionOnResourceType {
      user_target,
      resource_type,
      permission,
-    }: UpdatePermissionOnResourceType,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdatePermissionOnResourceTypeResponse> {
+    } = self;
+
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only").into());
    }

    // Some extra checks if user target is an actual User
    if let UserTarget::User(user_id) = &user_target {
      let user = get_user(user_id).await?;
      if user.admin {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!(
          "cannot use this method to update other admins permissions"
-        ));
+        )
+          .into(),
+        );
      }
      if !user.enabled {
-        return Err(anyhow!("user not enabled"));
+        return Err(anyhow!("user not enabled").into());
      }
    }

@@ -181,31 +182,35 @@ impl Resolve<UpdatePermissionOnResourceType, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdatePermissionOnTarget, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdatePermissionOnTarget", skip(self, admin))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdatePermissionOnTarget {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdatePermissionOnTarget", skip(admin))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdatePermissionOnTarget {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdatePermissionOnTargetResponse> {
+    let UpdatePermissionOnTarget {
      user_target,
      resource_target,
      permission,
-    }: UpdatePermissionOnTarget,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdatePermissionOnTargetResponse> {
+    } = self;
+
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("this method is admin only").into());
    }

    // Some extra checks if user target is an actual User
    if let UserTarget::User(user_id) = &user_target {
      let user = get_user(user_id).await?;
      if user.admin {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!(
          "cannot use this method to update other admins permissions"
-        ));
+        )
+          .into(),
+        );
      }
      if !user.enabled {
-        return Err(anyhow!("user not enabled"));
+        return Err(anyhow!("user not enabled").into());
      }
    }

@@ -247,7 +252,7 @@ impl Resolve<UpdatePermissionOnTarget, User> for State {
 /// checks if inner id is actually a `name`, and replaces it with id if so.
 async fn extract_user_target_with_validation(
  user_target: &UserTarget,
-) -> anyhow::Result<(UserTargetVariant, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<(UserTargetVariant, String)> {
  match user_target {
    UserTarget::User(ident) => {
      let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(ident) {
@@ -283,7 +288,7 @@ async fn extract_user_target_with_validation(
 /// checks if inner id is actually a `name`, and replaces it with id if so.
 async fn extract_resource_target_with_validation(
  resource_target: &ResourceTarget,
-) -> anyhow::Result<(ResourceTargetVariant, String)> {
+) -> serror::Result<(ResourceTargetVariant, String)> {
  match resource_target {
    ResourceTarget::System(_) => {
      let res = resource_target.extract_variant_id();
@@ -387,6 +392,20 @@ async fn extract_resource_target_with_validation(
        .id;
      Ok((ResourceTargetVariant::Procedure, id))
    }
+    ResourceTarget::Action(ident) => {
+      let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(ident) {
+        Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
+        Err(_) => doc! { "name": ident },
+      };
+      let id = db_client()
+        .actions
+        .find_one(filter)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for actions")?
+        .context("no matching action found")?
+        .id;
+      Ok((ResourceTargetVariant::Action, id))
+    }
    ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(ident) => {
      let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(ident) {
        Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/procedure.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/procedure.rs
@@ -1,60 +1,80 @@
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    permission::PermissionLevel, procedure::Procedure, user::User,
+    permission::PermissionLevel, procedure::Procedure, update::Update,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{resource, state::State};
+use crate::resource;

-impl Resolve<CreateProcedure, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateProcedure", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateProcedure", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateProcedure { name, config }: CreateProcedure,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateProcedureResponse> {
-    resource::create::<Procedure>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateProcedureResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Procedure>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyProcedure, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyProcedure", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyProcedure", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyProcedure { name, id }: CopyProcedure,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CopyProcedureResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CopyProcedureResponse> {
    let Procedure { config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
-    resource::create::<Procedure>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Procedure>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateProcedure, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateProcedure", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateProcedure", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateProcedure { id, config }: UpdateProcedure,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateProcedureResponse> {
-    resource::update::<Procedure>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateProcedureResponse> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::update::<Procedure>(&self.id, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteProcedure, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteProcedure", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameProcedure", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteProcedure { id }: DeleteProcedure,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteProcedureResponse> {
-    resource::delete::<Procedure>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::rename::<Procedure>(&self.id, &self.name, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteProcedure {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteProcedure", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteProcedureResponse> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Procedure>(&self.id, args).await?)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/provider.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/provider.rs
@@ -1,10 +1,9 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    provider::{DockerRegistryAccount, GitProviderAccount},
-    user::User,
    Operation, ResourceTarget,
+    provider::{DockerRegistryAccount, GitProviderAccount},
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -15,35 +14,37 @@ use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  helpers::update::{add_update, make_update},
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateGitProviderAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateGitProviderAccount { account }: CreateGitProviderAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateGitProviderAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateGitProviderAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can create git provider accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("only admins can create git provider accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }

-    let mut account: GitProviderAccount = account.into();
+    let mut account: GitProviderAccount = self.account.into();

    if account.domain.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("domain cannot be empty string."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("domain cannot be empty string.").into());
    }

    if account.username.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("username cannot be empty string."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("username cannot be empty string.").into());
    }

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::CreateGitProviderAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    account.id = db_client()
@@ -77,62 +78,63 @@ impl Resolve<CreateGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateGitProviderAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateGitProviderAccount { id, mut account }: UpdateGitProviderAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateGitProviderAccountResponse> {
+    mut self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateGitProviderAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can update git provider accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("only admins can update git provider accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }

-    if let Some(domain) = &account.domain {
+    if let Some(domain) = &self.account.domain {
      if domain.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "cannot update git provider with empty domain"
-        ));
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!("cannot update git provider with empty domain")
+            .into(),
+        );
      }
    }

-    if let Some(username) = &account.username {
+    if let Some(username) = &self.account.username {
      if username.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "cannot update git provider with empty username"
-        ));
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!("cannot update git provider with empty username")
+            .into(),
+        );
      }
    }

    // Ensure update does not change id
-    account.id = None;
+    self.account.id = None;

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::UpdateGitProviderAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

-    let account = to_document(&account).context(
+    let account = to_document(&self.account).context(
      "failed to serialize partial git provider account to bson",
    )?;
    let db = db_client();
    update_one_by_id(
      &db.git_accounts,
-      &id,
+      &self.id,
      doc! { "$set": account },
      None,
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to update git provider account on db")?;

-    let Some(account) =
-      find_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &id)
-        .await
-        .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
+    let Some(account) = find_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &self.id)
+      .await
+      .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id").into());
    };

    update.push_simple_log(
@@ -156,33 +158,32 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteGitProviderAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteGitProviderAccount { id }: DeleteGitProviderAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteGitProviderAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteGitProviderAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can delete git provider accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("only admins can delete git provider accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::UpdateGitProviderAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    let db = db_client();
-    let Some(account) =
-      find_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &id)
-        .await
-        .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
+    let Some(account) = find_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &self.id)
+      .await
+      .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id").into());
    };
-    delete_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &id, None)
+    delete_one_by_id(&db.git_accounts, &self.id, None)
      .await
      .context("failed to delete git account on db")?;

@@ -207,32 +208,34 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteGitProviderAccount, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateDockerRegistryAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateDockerRegistryAccount { account }: CreateDockerRegistryAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can create docker registry account accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "only admins can create docker registry account accounts"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    }

-    let mut account: DockerRegistryAccount = account.into();
+    let mut account: DockerRegistryAccount = self.account.into();

    if account.domain.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("domain cannot be empty string."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("domain cannot be empty string.").into());
    }

    if account.username.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("username cannot be empty string."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("username cannot be empty string.").into());
    }

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::CreateDockerRegistryAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    account.id = db_client()
@@ -268,50 +271,56 @@ impl Resolve<CreateDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateDockerRegistryAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateDockerRegistryAccount { id, mut account }: UpdateDockerRegistryAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
+    mut self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can update docker registry accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("only admins can update docker registry accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }

-    if let Some(domain) = &account.domain {
+    if let Some(domain) = &self.account.domain {
      if domain.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "cannot update docker registry account with empty domain"
-        ));
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!(
+            "cannot update docker registry account with empty domain"
+          )
+          .into(),
+        );
      }
    }

-    if let Some(username) = &account.username {
+    if let Some(username) = &self.account.username {
      if username.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!(
-          "cannot update docker registry account with empty username"
-        ));
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!(
+            "cannot update docker registry account with empty username"
+          )
+          .into(),
+        );
      }
    }

-    account.id = None;
+    self.account.id = None;

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::UpdateDockerRegistryAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

-    let account = to_document(&account).context(
+    let account = to_document(&self.account).context(
      "failed to serialize partial docker registry account account to bson",
    )?;

    let db = db_client();
    update_one_by_id(
      &db.registry_accounts,
-      &id,
+      &self.id,
      doc! { "$set": account },
      None,
    )
@@ -320,11 +329,12 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
      "failed to update docker registry account account on db",
    )?;

-    let Some(account) = find_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &id)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to query db for registry accounts")?
+    let Some(account) =
+      find_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &self.id)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for registry accounts")?
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id").into());
    };

    update.push_simple_log(
@@ -348,32 +358,33 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteDockerRegistryAccount, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteDockerRegistryAccount {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteDockerRegistryAccount { id }: DeleteDockerRegistryAccount,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteDockerRegistryAccountResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "only admins can delete docker registry accounts"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("only admins can delete docker registry accounts")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::UpdateDockerRegistryAccount,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    let db = db_client();
-    let Some(account) = find_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &id)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
+    let Some(account) =
+      find_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &self.id)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for git accounts")?
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("no account found with given id").into());
    };
-    delete_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &id, None)
+    delete_one_by_id(&db.registry_accounts, &self.id, None)
      .await
      .context("failed to delete registry account on db")?;

--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/repo.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/repo.rs
@@ -1,96 +1,177 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use formatting::format_serror;
 use git::GitRes;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
+    CloneArgs, NoData, Operation,
    config::core::CoreConfig,
+    komodo_timestamp,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    repo::{PartialRepoConfig, Repo, RepoInfo},
-    user::User,
-    CloneArgs, NoData,
+    server::Server,
+    to_komodo_name,
+    update::{Log, Update},
  },
 };
 use mongo_indexed::doc;
-use mungos::mongodb::bson::to_document;
+use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::to_document};
 use octorust::types::{
  ReposCreateWebhookRequest, ReposCreateWebhookRequestConfig,
 };
+use periphery_client::api;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
  config::core_config,
-  helpers::git_token,
+  helpers::{
+    git_token, periphery_client,
+    update::{add_update, make_update},
+  },
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, github_client, State},
+  state::{action_states, db_client, github_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateRepo, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateRepo", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateRepo", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateRepo { name, config }: CreateRepo,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Repo> {
-    resource::create::<Repo>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Repo> {
+    Ok(resource::create::<Repo>(&self.name, self.config, user).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyRepo, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyRepo", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyRepo", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyRepo { name, id }: CopyRepo,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Repo> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Repo> {
    let Repo { config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
-    resource::create::<Repo>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Repo>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteRepo, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteRepo", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteRepo", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Repo> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Repo>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateRepo", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteRepo { id }: DeleteRepo,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Repo> {
-    resource::delete::<Repo>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Repo> {
+    Ok(resource::update::<Repo>(&self.id, self.config, user).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateRepo, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateRepo", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameRepo {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameRepo", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateRepo { id, config }: UpdateRepo,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Repo> {
-    resource::update::<Repo>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
+      &self.id,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    if repo.config.server_id.is_empty()
+      || !repo.config.path.is_empty()
+    {
+      return Ok(
+        resource::rename::<Repo>(&repo.id, &self.name, user).await?,
+      );
+    }
+
+    // get the action state for the repo (or insert default).
+    let action_state =
+      action_states().repo.get_or_insert_default(&repo.id).await;
+
+    // Will check to ensure repo not already busy before updating, and return Err if so.
+    // The returned guard will set the action state back to default when dropped.
+    let _action_guard =
+      action_state.update(|state| state.renaming = true)?;
+
+    let name = to_komodo_name(&self.name);
+
+    let mut update = make_update(&repo, Operation::RenameRepo, user);
+
+    update_one_by_id(
+      &db_client().repos,
+      &repo.id,
+      mungos::update::Update::Set(
+        doc! { "name": &name, "updated_at": komodo_timestamp() },
+      ),
+      None,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("Failed to update Repo name on db")?;
+
+    let server =
+      resource::get::<Server>(&repo.config.server_id).await?;
+
+    let log = match periphery_client(&server)?
+      .request(api::git::RenameRepo {
+        curr_name: to_komodo_name(&repo.name),
+        new_name: name.clone(),
+      })
+      .await
+      .context("Failed to rename Repo directory on Server")
+    {
+      Ok(log) => log,
+      Err(e) => Log::error(
+        "Rename Repo directory failure",
+        format_serror(&e.into()),
+      ),
+    };
+
+    update.logs.push(log);
+
+    update.push_simple_log(
+      "Rename Repo",
+      format!("Renamed Repo from {} to {}", repo.name, name),
+    );
+    update.finalize();
+    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+
+    Ok(update)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RefreshRepoCache, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RefreshRepoCache {
  #[instrument(
    name = "RefreshRepoCache",
    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
+    skip(user)
  )]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RefreshRepoCache { repo }: RefreshRepoCache,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<NoData> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
    // Even though this is a write request, this doesn't change any config. Anyone that can execute the
    // repo should be able to do this.
    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -161,39 +242,42 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshRepoCache, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateRepoWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateRepoWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateRepoWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateRepoWebhook", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateRepoWebhook { repo, action }: CreateRepoWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateRepoWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateRepoWebhookResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      &args.user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if repo.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't create webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't create webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = repo.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Repo repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo_name =
@@ -226,7 +310,7 @@ impl Resolve<CreateRepoWebhook, User> for State {
    } else {
      webhook_base_url
    };
-    let url = match action {
+    let url = match self.action {
      RepoWebhookAction::Clone => {
        format!("{host}/listener/github/repo/{}/clone", repo.id)
      }
@@ -264,64 +348,65 @@ impl Resolve<CreateRepoWebhook, User> for State {
      .context("failed to create webhook")?;

    if !repo.config.webhook_enabled {
-      self
-        .resolve(
-          UpdateRepo {
-            id: repo.id,
-            config: PartialRepoConfig {
-              webhook_enabled: Some(true),
-              ..Default::default()
-            },
-          },
-          user,
-        )
-        .await
-        .context("failed to update repo to enable webhook")?;
+      UpdateRepo {
+        id: repo.id,
+        config: PartialRepoConfig {
+          webhook_enabled: Some(true),
+          ..Default::default()
+        },
+      }
+      .resolve(args)
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
+      .context("failed to update repo to enable webhook")?;
    }

    Ok(NoData {})
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteRepoWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteRepoWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteRepoWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteRepoWebhook", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteRepoWebhook { repo, action }: DeleteRepoWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteRepoWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteRepoWebhookResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo = resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
-      &repo,
-      &user,
+      &self.repo,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if repo.config.git_provider != "github.com" {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Can only manage github.com repo webhooks"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Can only manage github.com repo webhooks").into(),
+      );
    }

    if repo.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't create webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't create webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = repo.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Repo repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo_name =
@@ -347,7 +432,7 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteRepoWebhook, User> for State {
    } else {
      webhook_base_url
    };
-    let url = match action {
+    let url = match self.action {
      RepoWebhookAction::Clone => {
        format!("{host}/listener/github/repo/{}/clone", repo.id)
      }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/server.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/server.rs
@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@ use formatting::format_serror;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
-    komodo_timestamp,
+    NoData, Operation,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    server::Server,
    update::{Update, UpdateStatus},
-    user::User,
-    Operation,
  },
 };
-use mungos::{by_id::update_one_by_id, mongodb::bson::doc};
 use periphery_client::api;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

@@ -21,81 +18,59 @@ use crate::{
    update::{add_update, make_update, update_update},
  },
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateServer, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateServer", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateServer { name, config }: CreateServer,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Server> {
-    resource::create::<Server>(&name, config, &user).await
-  }
-}
+use super::WriteArgs;

-impl Resolve<DeleteServer, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteServer", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateServer {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateServer", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteServer { id }: DeleteServer,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Server> {
-    resource::delete::<Server>(&id, &user).await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<UpdateServer, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateServer", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateServer { id, config }: UpdateServer,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Server> {
-    resource::update::<Server>(&id, config, &user).await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<RenameServer, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RenameServer", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RenameServer { id, name }: RenameServer,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &id,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Server> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Server>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
    )
-    .await?;
-    let mut update =
-      make_update(&server, Operation::RenameServer, &user);
-
-    update_one_by_id(&db_client().servers, &id, mungos::update::Update::Set(doc! { "name": &name, "updated_at": komodo_timestamp() }), None)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to update server on db. this name may already be taken.")?;
-    update.push_simple_log(
-      "rename server",
-      format!("renamed server {id} from {} to {name}", server.name),
-    );
-    update.finalize();
-    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;
-    Ok(update)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateNetwork, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateNetwork", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteServer {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteServer", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Server> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Server>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateServer {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateServer", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateNetwork { server, name }: CreateNetwork,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Server> {
+    Ok(resource::update::<Server>(&self.id, self.config, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameServer {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameServer", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Server>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateNetwork {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateNetwork", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
-      &server,
-      &user,
+      &self.server,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -103,12 +78,15 @@ impl Resolve<CreateNetwork, User> for State {
    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;

    let mut update =
-      make_update(&server, Operation::CreateNetwork, &user);
+      make_update(&server, Operation::CreateNetwork, user);
    update.status = UpdateStatus::InProgress;
    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;

    match periphery
-      .request(api::network::CreateNetwork { name, driver: None })
+      .request(api::network::CreateNetwork {
+        name: self.name,
+        driver: None,
+      })
      .await
    {
      Ok(log) => update.logs.push(log),
@@ -124,3 +102,81 @@ impl Resolve<CreateNetwork, User> for State {
    Ok(update)
  }
 }
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateTerminal {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateTerminal", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
+    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
+      &self.server,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
+
+    periphery
+      .request(api::terminal::CreateTerminal {
+        name: self.name,
+        command: self.command,
+        recreate: self.recreate,
+      })
+      .await
+      .context("Failed to create terminal on periphery")?;
+
+    Ok(NoData {})
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteTerminal {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteTerminal", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
+    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
+      &self.server,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
+
+    periphery
+      .request(api::terminal::DeleteTerminal {
+        terminal: self.terminal,
+      })
+      .await
+      .context("Failed to delete terminal on periphery")?;
+
+    Ok(NoData {})
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteAllTerminals {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteAllTerminals", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
+    let server = resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
+      &self.server,
+      user,
+      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
+
+    periphery
+      .request(api::terminal::DeleteAllTerminals {})
+      .await
+      .context("Failed to delete all terminals on periphery")?;
+
+    Ok(NoData {})
+  }
+}
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/server_template.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/server_template.rs
@@ -1,65 +1,92 @@
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::{
    CopyServerTemplate, CreateServerTemplate, DeleteServerTemplate,
-    UpdateServerTemplate,
+    RenameServerTemplate, UpdateServerTemplate,
  },
  entities::{
    permission::PermissionLevel, server_template::ServerTemplate,
-    user::User,
+    update::Update,
  },
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::{resource, state::State};
+use crate::resource;

-impl Resolve<CreateServerTemplate, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateServerTemplate", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateServerTemplate {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateServerTemplate", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateServerTemplate { name, config }: CreateServerTemplate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ServerTemplate> {
-    resource::create::<ServerTemplate>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ServerTemplate> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<ServerTemplate>(
+        &self.name,
+        self.config,
+        user,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyServerTemplate, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyServerTemplate", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyServerTemplate {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyServerTemplate", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyServerTemplate { name, id }: CopyServerTemplate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ServerTemplate> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ServerTemplate> {
    let ServerTemplate { config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
-    resource::create::<ServerTemplate>(&name, config.into(), &user)
-      .await
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<ServerTemplate>(
+        &self.name,
+        config.into(),
+        user,
+      )
+      .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteServerTemplate, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteServerTemplate", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteServerTemplate {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteServerTemplate", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteServerTemplate { id }: DeleteServerTemplate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ServerTemplate> {
-    resource::delete::<ServerTemplate>(&id, &user).await
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ServerTemplate> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<ServerTemplate>(&self.id, args).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateServerTemplate, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateServerTemplate", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateServerTemplate {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateServerTemplate", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateServerTemplate { id, config }: UpdateServerTemplate,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<ServerTemplate> {
-    resource::update::<ServerTemplate>(&id, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<ServerTemplate> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::update::<ServerTemplate>(&self.id, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameServerTemplate {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameServerTemplate", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::rename::<ServerTemplate>(&self.id, &self.name, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/service_user.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/service_user.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,8 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::{
-    user::CreateApiKey,
-    write::{
-      CreateApiKeyForServiceUser, CreateApiKeyForServiceUserResponse,
-      CreateServiceUser, CreateServiceUserResponse,
-      DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser, DeleteApiKeyForServiceUserResponse,
-      UpdateServiceUserDescription,
-      UpdateServiceUserDescriptionResponse,
-    },
-  },
+  api::{user::CreateApiKey, write::*},
  entities::{
    komodo_timestamp,
    user::{User, UserConfig},
@@ -23,28 +14,30 @@ use mungos::{
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::state::{db_client, State};
+use crate::{api::user::UserArgs, state::db_client};

-impl Resolve<CreateServiceUser, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateServiceUser", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateServiceUser {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateServiceUser", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateServiceUser {
-      username,
-      description,
-    }: CreateServiceUser,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateServiceUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateServiceUserResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin").into());
    }
-    if ObjectId::from_str(&username).is_ok() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("username cannot be valid ObjectId"));
+    if ObjectId::from_str(&self.username).is_ok() {
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("username cannot be valid ObjectId").into(),
+      );
    }
-    let config = UserConfig::Service { description };
+    let config = UserConfig::Service {
+      description: self.description,
+    };
    let mut user = User {
      id: Default::default(),
-      username,
+      username: self.username,
      config,
      enabled: true,
      admin: false,
@@ -69,88 +62,81 @@ impl Resolve<CreateServiceUser, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateServiceUserDescription, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(
-    name = "UpdateServiceUserDescription",
-    skip(self, user)
-  )]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateServiceUserDescription {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateServiceUserDescription", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateServiceUserDescription {
-      username,
-      description,
-    }: UpdateServiceUserDescription,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateServiceUserDescriptionResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateServiceUserDescriptionResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin").into());
    }
    let db = db_client();
    let service_user = db
      .users
-      .find_one(doc! { "username": &username })
+      .find_one(doc! { "username": &self.username })
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for user")?
      .context("no user with given username")?;
    let UserConfig::Service { .. } = &service_user.config else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user").into());
    };
    db.users
      .update_one(
-        doc! { "username": &username },
-        doc! { "$set": { "config.data.description": description } },
+        doc! { "username": &self.username },
+        doc! { "$set": { "config.data.description": self.description } },
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to update user on db")?;
-    db.users
-      .find_one(doc! { "username": &username })
+    let res = db
+      .users
+      .find_one(doc! { "username": &self.username })
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for user")?
-      .context("user with username not found")
+      .context("user with username not found")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateApiKeyForServiceUser, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateApiKeyForServiceUser", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateApiKeyForServiceUser {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateApiKeyForServiceUser", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateApiKeyForServiceUser {
-      user_id,
-      name,
-      expires,
-    }: CreateApiKeyForServiceUser,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateApiKeyForServiceUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateApiKeyForServiceUserResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin").into());
    }
-    let service_user = find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &user_id)
-      .await
-      .context("failed to query db for user")?
-      .context("no user found with id")?;
+    let service_user =
+      find_one_by_id(&db_client().users, &self.user_id)
+        .await
+        .context("failed to query db for user")?
+        .context("no user found with id")?;
    let UserConfig::Service { .. } = &service_user.config else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user").into());
    };
-    self
-      .resolve(CreateApiKey { name, expires }, service_user)
-      .await
+    CreateApiKey {
+      name: self.name,
+      expires: self.expires,
+    }
+    .resolve(&UserArgs { user: service_user })
+    .await
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser { key }: DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteApiKeyForServiceUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteApiKeyForServiceUserResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user not admin").into());
    }
    let db = db_client();
    let api_key = db
      .api_keys
-      .find_one(doc! { "key": &key })
+      .find_one(doc! { "key": &self.key })
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for api key")?
      .context("did not find matching api key")?;
@@ -160,10 +146,10 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteApiKeyForServiceUser, User> for State {
        .context("failed to query db for user")?
        .context("no user found with id")?;
    let UserConfig::Service { .. } = &service_user.config else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("user is not service user").into());
    };
    db.api_keys
-      .delete_one(doc! { "key": key })
+      .delete_one(doc! { "key": self.key })
      .await
      .context("failed to delete api key on db")?;
    Ok(DeleteApiKeyForServiceUserResponse {})
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/stack.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/stack.rs
@@ -1,22 +1,18 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use formatting::format_serror;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::*,
  entities::{
+    FileContents, NoData, Operation,
    config::core::CoreConfig,
-    komodo_timestamp,
    permission::PermissionLevel,
    server::ServerState,
    stack::{PartialStackConfig, Stack, StackInfo},
    update::Update,
-    user::{stack_user, User},
-    FileContents, NoData, Operation,
+    user::stack_user,
  },
 };
-use mungos::{
-  by_id::update_one_by_id,
-  mongodb::bson::{doc, to_document},
-};
+use mungos::mongodb::bson::{doc, to_document};
 use octorust::types::{
  ReposCreateWebhookRequest, ReposCreateWebhookRequestConfig,
 };
@@ -27,6 +23,7 @@ use periphery_client::api::compose::{
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  api::execute::pull_stack_inner,
  config::core_config,
  helpers::{
    git_token, periphery_client,
@@ -36,116 +33,88 @@ use crate::{
  resource,
  stack::{
    get_stack_and_server,
-    remote::{get_remote_compose_contents, RemoteComposeContents},
+    remote::{RemoteComposeContents, get_repo_compose_contents},
    services::extract_services_into_res,
  },
-  state::{db_client, github_client, State},
+  state::{db_client, github_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateStack, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateStack", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateStack", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateStack { name, config }: CreateStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Stack> {
-    resource::create::<Stack>(&name, config, &user).await
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Stack> {
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Stack>(&self.name, self.config, user)
+        .await?,
+    )
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CopyStack, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CopyStack", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CopyStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "CopyStack", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CopyStack { name, id }: CopyStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Stack> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Stack> {
    let Stack { config, .. } =
      resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-        &id,
-        &user,
+        &self.id,
+        user,
        PermissionLevel::Write,
      )
      .await?;
-    resource::create::<Stack>(&name, config.into(), &user).await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<DeleteStack, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteStack", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteStack { id }: DeleteStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Stack> {
-    resource::delete::<Stack>(&id, &user).await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<UpdateStack, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateStack", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateStack { id, config }: UpdateStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Stack> {
-    resource::update::<Stack>(&id, config, &user).await
-  }
-}
-
-impl Resolve<RenameStack, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RenameStack", skip(self, user))]
-  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RenameStack { id, name }: RenameStack,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
-    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &id,
-      &user,
-      PermissionLevel::Write,
+    Ok(
+      resource::create::<Stack>(&self.name, config.into(), user)
+        .await?,
    )
-    .await?;
-
-    let mut update =
-      make_update(&stack, Operation::RenameStack, &user);
-
-    update_one_by_id(
-      &db_client().stacks,
-      &stack.id,
-      mungos::update::Update::Set(
-        doc! { "name": &name, "updated_at": komodo_timestamp() },
-      ),
-      None,
-    )
-    .await
-    .context("failed to update stack name on db")?;
-
-    update.push_simple_log(
-      "rename stack",
-      format!("renamed stack from {} to {}", stack.name, name),
-    );
-    update.finalize();
-
-    add_update(update.clone()).await?;
-
-    Ok(update)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteStack", skip(args))]
+  async fn resolve(self, args: &WriteArgs) -> serror::Result<Stack> {
+    Ok(resource::delete::<Stack>(&self.id, args).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateStack", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    WriteStackFileContents {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Stack> {
+    Ok(resource::update::<Stack>(&self.id, self.config, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameStack {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameStack", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    Ok(resource::rename::<Stack>(&self.id, &self.name, user).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for WriteStackFileContents {
+  #[instrument(name = "WriteStackFileContents", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Update> {
+    let WriteStackFileContents {
      stack,
      file_path,
      contents,
-    }: WriteStackFileContents,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Update> {
+    } = self;
    let (mut stack, server) = get_stack_and_server(
      &stack,
-      &user,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
      true,
    )
@@ -154,11 +123,11 @@ impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
    if !stack.config.files_on_host && stack.config.repo.is_empty() {
      return Err(anyhow!(
        "Stack is not configured to use Files on Host or Git Repo, can't write file contents"
-      ));
+      ).into());
    }

    let mut update =
-      make_update(&stack, Operation::WriteStackContents, &user);
+      make_update(&stack, Operation::WriteStackContents, user);

    update.push_simple_log("File contents to write", &contents);

@@ -180,7 +149,7 @@ impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
        }
        Err(e) => {
          update.push_error_log(
-            "Write file contents",
+            "Write File Contents",
            format_serror(&e.into()),
          );
        }
@@ -205,7 +174,7 @@ impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
      match periphery_client(&server)?
        .request(WriteCommitComposeContents {
          stack,
-          username: Some(user.username),
+          username: Some(user.username.clone()),
          file_path,
          contents,
          git_token,
@@ -218,19 +187,19 @@ impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
        }
        Err(e) => {
          update.push_error_log(
-            "Write file contents",
+            "Write File Contents",
            format_serror(&e.into()),
          );
        }
      };
    }

-    if let Err(e) = State
-      .resolve(
-        RefreshStackCache { stack: stack_id },
-        stack_user().to_owned(),
-      )
+    if let Err(e) = (RefreshStackCache { stack: stack_id })
+      .resolve(&WriteArgs {
+        user: stack_user().to_owned(),
+      })
      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
      .context(
        "Failed to refresh stack cache after writing file contents",
      )
@@ -242,28 +211,27 @@ impl Resolve<WriteStackFileContents, User> for State {
    }

    update.finalize();
-    add_update(update.clone()).await?;
+    update.id = add_update(update.clone()).await?;

    Ok(update)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RefreshStackCache, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RefreshStackCache {
  #[instrument(
    name = "RefreshStackCache",
    level = "debug",
-    skip(self, user)
+    skip(user)
  )]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RefreshStackCache { stack }: RefreshStackCache,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<NoData> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<NoData> {
    // Even though this is a write request, this doesn't change any config. Anyone that can execute the
    // stack should be able to do this.
    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Execute,
    )
    .await?;
@@ -291,54 +259,56 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshStackCache, User> for State {
      // =============
      // FILES ON HOST
      // =============
-      if stack.config.server_id.is_empty() {
-        (vec![], None, None, None, None)
+      let (server, state) = if stack.config.server_id.is_empty() {
+        (None, ServerState::Disabled)
      } else {
-        let (server, status) =
+        let (server, state) =
          get_server_with_state(&stack.config.server_id).await?;
-        if status != ServerState::Ok {
-          (vec![], None, None, None, None)
-        } else {
-          let GetComposeContentsOnHostResponse { contents, errors } =
-            match periphery_client(&server)?
-              .request(GetComposeContentsOnHost {
-                file_paths: stack.file_paths().to_vec(),
-                name: stack.name.clone(),
-                run_directory: stack.config.run_directory.clone(),
-              })
-              .await
-              .context(
-                "failed to get compose file contents from host",
-              ) {
-              Ok(res) => res,
-              Err(e) => GetComposeContentsOnHostResponse {
-                contents: Default::default(),
-                errors: vec![FileContents {
-                  path: stack.config.run_directory.clone(),
-                  contents: format_serror(&e.into()),
-                }],
-              },
-            };
+        (Some(server), state)
+      };
+      if state != ServerState::Ok {
+        (vec![], None, None, None, None)
+      } else if let Some(server) = server {
+        let GetComposeContentsOnHostResponse { contents, errors } =
+          match periphery_client(&server)?
+            .request(GetComposeContentsOnHost {
+              file_paths: stack.file_paths().to_vec(),
+              name: stack.name.clone(),
+              run_directory: stack.config.run_directory.clone(),
+            })
+            .await
+            .context("failed to get compose file contents from host")
+          {
+            Ok(res) => res,
+            Err(e) => GetComposeContentsOnHostResponse {
+              contents: Default::default(),
+              errors: vec![FileContents {
+                path: stack.config.run_directory.clone(),
+                contents: format_serror(&e.into()),
+              }],
+            },
+          };

-          let project_name = stack.project_name(true);
+        let project_name = stack.project_name(true);

-          let mut services = Vec::new();
+        let mut services = Vec::new();

-          for contents in &contents {
-            if let Err(e) = extract_services_into_res(
-              &project_name,
-              &contents.contents,
-              &mut services,
-            ) {
-              warn!(
-                "failed to extract stack services, things won't works correctly. stack: {} | {e:#}",
-                stack.name
-              );
-            }
+        for contents in &contents {
+          if let Err(e) = extract_services_into_res(
+            &project_name,
+            &contents.contents,
+            &mut services,
+          ) {
+            warn!(
+              "failed to extract stack services, things won't works correctly. stack: {} | {e:#}",
+              stack.name
+            );
          }
-
-          (services, Some(contents), Some(errors), None, None)
        }
+
+        (services, Some(contents), Some(errors), None, None)
+      } else {
+        (vec![], None, None, None, None)
      }
    } else if !repo_empty {
      // ================
@@ -350,9 +320,8 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshStackCache, User> for State {
        hash: latest_hash,
        message: latest_message,
        ..
-      } =
-        get_remote_compose_contents(&stack, Some(&mut missing_files))
-          .await?;
+      } = get_repo_compose_contents(&stack, Some(&mut missing_files))
+        .await?;

      let project_name = stack.project_name(true);

@@ -390,21 +359,22 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshStackCache, User> for State {
        &mut services,
      ) {
        warn!(
-          "failed to extract stack services, things won't works correctly. stack: {} | {e:#}",
+          "Failed to extract Stack services for {}, things may not work correctly. | {e:#}",
          stack.name
        );
-        services.extend(stack.info.latest_services);
+        services.extend(stack.info.latest_services.clone());
      };
      (services, None, None, None, None)
    };

    let info = StackInfo {
      missing_files,
-      deployed_services: stack.info.deployed_services,
-      deployed_project_name: stack.info.deployed_project_name,
-      deployed_contents: stack.info.deployed_contents,
-      deployed_hash: stack.info.deployed_hash,
-      deployed_message: stack.info.deployed_message,
+      deployed_services: stack.info.deployed_services.clone(),
+      deployed_project_name: stack.info.deployed_project_name.clone(),
+      deployed_contents: stack.info.deployed_contents.clone(),
+      deployed_config: stack.info.deployed_config.clone(),
+      deployed_hash: stack.info.deployed_hash.clone(),
+      deployed_message: stack.info.deployed_message.clone(),
      latest_services,
      remote_contents,
      remote_errors,
@@ -424,43 +394,65 @@ impl Resolve<RefreshStackCache, User> for State {
      .await
      .context("failed to update stack info on db")?;

+    if (stack.config.poll_for_updates || stack.config.auto_update)
+      && !stack.config.server_id.is_empty()
+    {
+      let (server, state) =
+        get_server_with_state(&stack.config.server_id).await?;
+      if state == ServerState::Ok {
+        let name = stack.name.clone();
+        if let Err(e) =
+          pull_stack_inner(stack, Vec::new(), &server, None).await
+        {
+          warn!(
+            "Failed to pull latest images for Stack {name} | {e:#}",
+          );
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
    Ok(NoData {})
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<CreateStackWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateStackWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateStackWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateStackWebhook", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateStackWebhook { stack, action }: CreateStackWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateStackWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateStackWebhookResponse> {
+    let WriteArgs { user } = args;
+
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if stack.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't create webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't create webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = stack.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Stack repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo =
@@ -493,7 +485,7 @@ impl Resolve<CreateStackWebhook, User> for State {
    } else {
      webhook_base_url
    };
-    let url = match action {
+    let url = match self.action {
      StackWebhookAction::Refresh => {
        format!("{host}/listener/github/stack/{}/refresh", stack.id)
      }
@@ -528,64 +520,65 @@ impl Resolve<CreateStackWebhook, User> for State {
      .context("failed to create webhook")?;

    if !stack.config.webhook_enabled {
-      self
-        .resolve(
-          UpdateStack {
-            id: stack.id,
-            config: PartialStackConfig {
-              webhook_enabled: Some(true),
-              ..Default::default()
-            },
-          },
-          user,
-        )
-        .await
-        .context("failed to update stack to enable webhook")?;
+      UpdateStack {
+        id: stack.id,
+        config: PartialStackConfig {
+          webhook_enabled: Some(true),
+          ..Default::default()
+        },
+      }
+      .resolve(args)
+      .await
+      .map_err(|e| e.error)
+      .context("failed to update stack to enable webhook")?;
    }

    Ok(NoData {})
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteStackWebhook, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteStackWebhook", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteStackWebhook {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteStackWebhook", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteStackWebhook { stack, action }: DeleteStackWebhook,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteStackWebhookResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteStackWebhookResponse> {
    let Some(github) = github_client() else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "github_webhook_app is not configured in core config toml"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

    let stack = resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
-      &stack,
-      &user,
+      &self.stack,
+      user,
      PermissionLevel::Write,
    )
    .await?;

    if stack.config.git_provider != "github.com" {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Can only manage github.com repo webhooks"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Can only manage github.com repo webhooks").into(),
+      );
    }

    if stack.config.repo.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "No repo configured, can't create webhook"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No repo configured, can't create webhook").into(),
+      );
    }

    let mut split = stack.config.repo.split('/');
    let owner = split.next().context("Stack repo has no owner")?;

    let Some(github) = github.get(owner) else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot manage repo webhooks under owner {owner}")
+          .into(),
+      );
    };

    let repo =
@@ -611,7 +604,7 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteStackWebhook, User> for State {
    } else {
      webhook_base_url
    };
-    let url = match action {
+    let url = match self.action {
      StackWebhookAction::Refresh => {
        format!("{host}/listener/github/stack/{}/refresh", stack.id)
      }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/sync.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/sync.rs
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/tag.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/tag.rs
@@ -1,17 +1,26 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::{
-    CreateTag, DeleteTag, RenameTag, UpdateTagsOnResource,
-    UpdateTagsOnResourceResponse,
+    CreateTag, DeleteTag, RenameTag, UpdateTagColor,
+    UpdateTagsOnResource, UpdateTagsOnResourceResponse,
  },
  entities::{
-    alerter::Alerter, build::Build, builder::Builder,
-    deployment::Deployment, permission::PermissionLevel,
-    procedure::Procedure, repo::Repo, server::Server,
-    server_template::ServerTemplate, stack::Stack,
-    sync::ResourceSync, tag::Tag, user::User, ResourceTarget,
+    ResourceTarget,
+    action::Action,
+    alerter::Alerter,
+    build::Build,
+    builder::Builder,
+    deployment::Deployment,
+    permission::PermissionLevel,
+    procedure::Procedure,
+    repo::Repo,
+    server::Server,
+    server_template::ServerTemplate,
+    stack::Stack,
+    sync::ResourceSync,
+    tag::{Tag, TagColor},
  },
 };
 use mungos::{
@@ -23,23 +32,25 @@ use resolver_api::Resolve;
 use crate::{
  helpers::query::{get_tag, get_tag_check_owner},
  resource,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateTag, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateTag", skip(self, user))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateTag {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateTag", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateTag { name }: CreateTag,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Tag> {
-    if ObjectId::from_str(&name).is_ok() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("tag name cannot be ObjectId"));
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Tag> {
+    if ObjectId::from_str(&self.name).is_ok() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("tag name cannot be ObjectId").into());
    }

    let mut tag = Tag {
      id: Default::default(),
-      name,
+      name: self.name,
+      color: TagColor::Slate,
      owner: user.id.clone(),
    };

@@ -57,158 +68,191 @@ impl Resolve<CreateTag, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RenameTag, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "RenameTag", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameTag {
+  #[instrument(name = "RenameTag", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RenameTag { id, name }: RenameTag,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Tag> {
-    if ObjectId::from_str(&name).is_ok() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("tag name cannot be ObjectId"));
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Tag> {
+    if ObjectId::from_str(&self.name).is_ok() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("tag name cannot be ObjectId").into());
    }

-    get_tag_check_owner(&id, &user).await?;
+    get_tag_check_owner(&self.id, user).await?;

    update_one_by_id(
      &db_client().tags,
-      &id,
-      doc! { "$set": { "name": name } },
+      &self.id,
+      doc! { "$set": { "name": self.name } },
      None,
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to rename tag on db")?;

-    get_tag(&id).await
+    Ok(get_tag(&self.id).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteTag, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "DeleteTag", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateTagColor {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateTagColor", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteTag { id }: DeleteTag,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<Tag> {
-    let tag = get_tag_check_owner(&id, &user).await?;
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Tag> {
+    let tag = get_tag_check_owner(&self.tag, user).await?;
+
+    update_one_by_id(
+      &db_client().tags,
+      &tag.id,
+      doc! { "$set": { "color": self.color.as_ref() } },
+      None,
+    )
+    .await
+    .context("failed to rename tag on db")?;
+
+    Ok(get_tag(&self.tag).await?)
+  }
+}
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteTag {
+  #[instrument(name = "DeleteTag", skip(user))]
+  async fn resolve(
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<Tag> {
+    let tag = get_tag_check_owner(&self.id, user).await?;

    tokio::try_join!(
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Server>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Deployment>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Stack>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Build>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Repo>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Builder>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Alerter>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Procedure>(&id),
-      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<ServerTemplate>(&id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Server>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Deployment>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Stack>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Build>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Repo>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Builder>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Alerter>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<Procedure>(&self.id),
+      resource::remove_tag_from_all::<ServerTemplate>(&self.id),
    )?;

-    delete_one_by_id(&db_client().tags, &id, None).await?;
+    delete_one_by_id(&db_client().tags, &self.id, None).await?;

    Ok(tag)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateTagsOnResource, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateTagsOnResource", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateTagsOnResource {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateTagsOnResource", skip(args))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateTagsOnResource { target, tags }: UpdateTagsOnResource,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateTagsOnResourceResponse> {
-    match target {
-      ResourceTarget::System(_) => return Err(anyhow!("")),
+    self,
+    args: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateTagsOnResourceResponse> {
+    let WriteArgs { user } = args;
+    match self.target {
+      ResourceTarget::System(_) => {
+        return Err(anyhow!("Invalid target type: System").into());
+      }
      ResourceTarget::Build(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Build>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Build>(&id, tags, user).await?;
+        resource::update_tags::<Build>(&id, self.tags, args).await?;
      }
      ResourceTarget::Builder(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Builder>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Builder>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Builder>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Deployment(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Deployment>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Deployment>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Deployment>(&id, self.tags, args)
+          .await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Server(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Server>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Server>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Server>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Repo(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Repo>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Repo>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Repo>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Alerter(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Alerter>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Alerter>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Alerter>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Procedure(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Procedure>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Procedure>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Procedure>(&id, self.tags, args)
+          .await?
+      }
+      ResourceTarget::Action(id) => {
+        resource::get_check_permissions::<Action>(
+          &id,
+          user,
+          PermissionLevel::Write,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        resource::update_tags::<Action>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::ServerTemplate(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<ServerTemplate>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<ServerTemplate>(&id, tags, user)
+        resource::update_tags::<ServerTemplate>(&id, self.tags, args)
          .await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::ResourceSync(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<ResourceSync>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<ResourceSync>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<ResourceSync>(&id, self.tags, args)
+          .await?
      }
      ResourceTarget::Stack(id) => {
        resource::get_check_permissions::<Stack>(
          &id,
-          &user,
+          user,
          PermissionLevel::Write,
        )
        .await?;
-        resource::update_tags::<Stack>(&id, tags, user).await?
+        resource::update_tags::<Stack>(&id, self.tags, args).await?
      }
    };
    Ok(UpdateTagsOnResourceResponse {})
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/user.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/user.rs
@@ -1,52 +1,59 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::{
    DeleteUser, DeleteUserResponse, UpdateUserPassword,
    UpdateUserPasswordResponse, UpdateUserUsername,
    UpdateUserUsernameResponse,
  },
-  entities::{
-    user::{User, UserConfig},
-    NoData,
-  },
+  entities::{NoData, user::UserConfig},
 };
 use mungos::mongodb::bson::{doc, oid::ObjectId};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
-  helpers::hash_password,
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  config::core_config, helpers::hash_password, state::db_client,
 };

+use super::WriteArgs;
+
 //

-impl Resolve<UpdateUserUsername, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateUserUsername {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateUserUsername { username }: UpdateUserUsername,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateUserUsernameResponse> {
-    if username.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Username cannot be empty."));
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateUserUsernameResponse> {
+    for locked_username in &core_config().lock_login_credentials_for {
+      if locked_username == "__ALL__"
+        || *locked_username == user.username
+      {
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!("User not allowed to update their username.")
+            .into(),
+        );
+      }
+    }
+    if self.username.is_empty() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("Username cannot be empty.").into());
    }
    let db = db_client();
    if db
      .users
-      .find_one(doc! { "username": &username })
+      .find_one(doc! { "username": &self.username })
      .await
      .context("Failed to query for existing users")?
      .is_some()
    {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Username already taken."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Username already taken.").into());
    }
    let id = ObjectId::from_str(&user.id)
      .context("User id not valid ObjectId.")?;
    db.users
      .update_one(
        doc! { "_id": id },
-        doc! { "$set": { "username": username } },
+        doc! { "$set": { "username": self.username } },
      )
      .await
      .context("Failed to update user username on database.")?;
@@ -56,21 +63,30 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateUserUsername, User> for State {

 //

-impl Resolve<UpdateUserPassword, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateUserPassword {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateUserPassword { password }: UpdateUserPassword,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateUserPasswordResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateUserPasswordResponse> {
+    for locked_username in &core_config().lock_login_credentials_for {
+      if locked_username == "__ALL__"
+        || *locked_username == user.username
+      {
+        return Err(
+          anyhow!("User not allowed to update their password.")
+            .into(),
+        );
+      }
+    }
    let UserConfig::Local { .. } = user.config else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("User is not local user"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("User is not local user").into());
    };
-    if password.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Password cannot be empty."));
+    if self.password.is_empty() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("Password cannot be empty.").into());
    }
    let id = ObjectId::from_str(&user.id)
      .context("User id not valid ObjectId.")?;
-    let hashed_password = hash_password(password)?;
+    let hashed_password = hash_password(self.password)?;
    db_client()
      .users
      .update_one(
@@ -87,22 +103,21 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateUserPassword, User> for State {

 //

-impl Resolve<DeleteUser, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteUser {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteUser { user }: DeleteUser,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteUserResponse> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Calling user is not admin."));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Calling user is not admin.").into());
    }
-    if admin.username == user || admin.id == user {
-      return Err(anyhow!("User cannot delete themselves."));
+    if admin.username == self.user || admin.id == self.user {
+      return Err(anyhow!("User cannot delete themselves.").into());
    }
-    let query = if let Ok(id) = ObjectId::from_str(&user) {
+    let query = if let Ok(id) = ObjectId::from_str(&self.user) {
      doc! { "_id": id }
    } else {
-      doc! { "username": user }
+      doc! { "username": self.user }
    };
    let db = db_client();
    let Some(user) = db
@@ -111,15 +126,20 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteUser, User> for State {
      .await
      .context("Failed to query database for users.")?
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!("No user found with given id / username"));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("No user found with given id / username").into(),
+      );
    };
    if user.super_admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Cannot delete a super admin user."));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Cannot delete a super admin user.").into(),
+      );
    }
    if user.admin && !admin.super_admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "Only a Super Admin can delete an admin user."
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Only a Super Admin can delete an admin user.")
+          .into(),
+      );
    }
    db.users
      .delete_one(query)
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/user_group.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/user_group.rs
@@ -1,12 +1,12 @@
 use std::{collections::HashMap, str::FromStr};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
  api::write::{
    AddUserToUserGroup, CreateUserGroup, DeleteUserGroup,
    RemoveUserFromUserGroup, RenameUserGroup, SetUsersInUserGroup,
  },
-  entities::{komodo_timestamp, user::User, user_group::UserGroup},
+  entities::{komodo_timestamp, user_group::UserGroup},
 };
 use mungos::{
  by_id::{delete_one_by_id, find_one_by_id, update_one_by_id},
@@ -15,23 +15,24 @@ use mungos::{
 };
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

-use crate::state::{db_client, State};
+use crate::state::db_client;

-impl Resolve<CreateUserGroup, User> for State {
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateUserGroup { name }: CreateUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }
    let user_group = UserGroup {
      id: Default::default(),
      users: Default::default(),
      all: Default::default(),
      updated_at: komodo_timestamp(),
-      name,
+      name: self.name,
    };
    let db = db_client();
    let id = db
@@ -43,63 +44,63 @@ impl Resolve<CreateUserGroup, User> for State {
      .as_object_id()
      .context("inserted id is not ObjectId")?
      .to_string();
-    find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &id)
+    let res = find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for user groups")?
-      .context("user group at id not found")
+      .context("user group at id not found")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RenameUserGroup, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RenameUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RenameUserGroup { id, name }: RenameUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }
    let db = db_client();
    update_one_by_id(
      &db.user_groups,
-      &id,
-      doc! { "$set": { "name": name } },
+      &self.id,
+      doc! { "$set": { "name": self.name } },
      None,
    )
    .await
    .context("failed to rename UserGroup on db")?;
-    find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &id)
+    let res = find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &self.id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?
-      .context("no user group with given id")
+      .context("no user group with given id")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteUserGroup, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteUserGroup { id }: DeleteUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }

    let db = db_client();

-    let ug = find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &id)
+    let ug = find_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &self.id)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?
      .context("no UserGroup found with given id")?;

-    delete_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &id, None)
+    delete_one_by_id(&db.user_groups, &self.id, None)
      .await
      .context("failed to delete UserGroup from db")?;

    db.permissions
      .delete_many(doc! {
        "user_target.type": "UserGroup",
-        "user_target.id": id,
+        "user_target.id": self.id,
      })
      .await
      .context("failed to clean up UserGroups permissions. User Group has been deleted")?;
@@ -108,21 +109,20 @@ impl Resolve<DeleteUserGroup, User> for State {
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<AddUserToUserGroup, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for AddUserToUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    AddUserToUserGroup { user_group, user }: AddUserToUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }

    let db = db_client();

-    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user) {
+    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "username": &user },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "username": &self.user },
    };
    let user = db
      .users
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@ impl Resolve<AddUserToUserGroup, User> for State {
      .context("failed to query mongo for users")?
      .context("no matching user found")?;

-    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user_group) {
+    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user_group) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &user_group },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &self.user_group },
    };
    db.user_groups
      .update_one(
@@ -142,32 +142,30 @@ impl Resolve<AddUserToUserGroup, User> for State {
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to add user to group on db")?;
-    db.user_groups
+    let res = db
+      .user_groups
      .find_one(filter)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?
-      .context("no user group with given id")
+      .context("no user group with given id")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<RemoveUserFromUserGroup, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for RemoveUserFromUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    RemoveUserFromUserGroup {
-      user_group,
-      user,
-    }: RemoveUserFromUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }

    let db = db_client();

-    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user) {
+    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "username": &user },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "username": &self.user },
    };
    let user = db
      .users
@@ -176,9 +174,9 @@ impl Resolve<RemoveUserFromUserGroup, User> for State {
      .context("failed to query mongo for users")?
      .context("no matching user found")?;

-    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user_group) {
+    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user_group) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &user_group },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &self.user_group },
    };
    db.user_groups
      .update_one(
@@ -187,22 +185,23 @@ impl Resolve<RemoveUserFromUserGroup, User> for State {
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to add user to group on db")?;
-    db.user_groups
+    let res = db
+      .user_groups
      .find_one(filter)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?
-      .context("no user group with given id")
+      .context("no user group with given id")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<SetUsersInUserGroup, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for SetUsersInUserGroup {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    SetUsersInUserGroup { user_group, users }: SetUsersInUserGroup,
-    admin: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UserGroup> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user: admin }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UserGroup> {
    if !admin.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("This call is admin-only").into());
    }

    let db = db_client();
@@ -215,7 +214,8 @@ impl Resolve<SetUsersInUserGroup, User> for State {
      .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>();

    // Make sure all users are user ids
-    let users = users
+    let users = self
+      .users
      .into_iter()
      .filter_map(|user| match ObjectId::from_str(&user) {
        Ok(_) => Some(user),
@@ -223,18 +223,20 @@ impl Resolve<SetUsersInUserGroup, User> for State {
      })
      .collect::<Vec<_>>();

-    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&user_group) {
+    let filter = match ObjectId::from_str(&self.user_group) {
      Ok(id) => doc! { "_id": id },
-      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &user_group },
+      Err(_) => doc! { "name": &self.user_group },
    };
    db.user_groups
      .update_one(filter.clone(), doc! { "$set": { "users": users } })
      .await
      .context("failed to set users on user group")?;
-    db.user_groups
+    let res = db
+      .user_groups
      .find_one(filter)
      .await
      .context("failed to query db for UserGroups")?
-      .context("no user group with given id")
+      .context("no user group with given id")?;
+    Ok(res)
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/api/write/variable.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/api/write/variable.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::{
-  api::write::{
-    CreateVariable, CreateVariableResponse, DeleteVariable,
-    DeleteVariableResponse, UpdateVariableDescription,
-    UpdateVariableDescriptionResponse, UpdateVariableIsSecret,
-    UpdateVariableIsSecretResponse, UpdateVariableValue,
-    UpdateVariableValueResponse,
-  },
-  entities::{
-    user::User, variable::Variable, Operation, ResourceTarget,
-  },
+  api::write::*,
+  entities::{Operation, ResourceTarget, variable::Variable},
 };
 use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use resolver_api::Resolve;
@@ -19,23 +11,26 @@ use crate::{
    query::get_variable,
    update::{add_update, make_update},
  },
-  state::{db_client, State},
+  state::db_client,
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateVariable, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "CreateVariable", skip(self, user, value))]
+use super::WriteArgs;
+
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for CreateVariable {
+  #[instrument(name = "CreateVariable", skip(user, self), fields(name = &self.name))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateVariable {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateVariableResponse> {
+    let CreateVariable {
      name,
      value,
      description,
      is_secret,
-    }: CreateVariable,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateVariableResponse> {
+    } = self;
+
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can create variables"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can create variables").into());
    }

    let variable = Variable {
@@ -54,7 +49,7 @@ impl Resolve<CreateVariable, User> for State {
    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::CreateVariable,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    update
@@ -63,25 +58,26 @@ impl Resolve<CreateVariable, User> for State {

    add_update(update).await?;

-    get_variable(&variable.name).await
+    Ok(get_variable(&variable.name).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateVariableValue, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableValue", skip(self, user, value))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateVariableValue {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableValue", skip(user, self), fields(name = &self.name))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateVariableValue { name, value }: UpdateVariableValue,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateVariableValueResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateVariableValueResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables").into());
    }

+    let UpdateVariableValue { name, value } = self;
+
    let variable = get_variable(&name).await?;

    if value == variable.value {
-      return Err(anyhow!("no change"));
+      return Ok(variable);
    }

    db_client()
@@ -96,7 +92,7 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateVariableValue, User> for State {
    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::UpdateVariableValue,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    let log = if variable.is_secret {
@@ -116,74 +112,71 @@ impl Resolve<UpdateVariableValue, User> for State {

    add_update(update).await?;

-    get_variable(&name).await
+    Ok(get_variable(&name).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateVariableDescription, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableDescription", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateVariableDescription {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableDescription", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateVariableDescription { name, description }: UpdateVariableDescription,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateVariableDescriptionResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateVariableDescriptionResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables").into());
    }
    db_client()
      .variables
      .update_one(
-        doc! { "name": &name },
-        doc! { "$set": { "description": &description } },
+        doc! { "name": &self.name },
+        doc! { "$set": { "description": &self.description } },
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to update variable description on db")?;
-    get_variable(&name).await
+    Ok(get_variable(&self.name).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<UpdateVariableIsSecret, User> for State {
-  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableIsSecret", skip(self, user))]
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for UpdateVariableIsSecret {
+  #[instrument(name = "UpdateVariableIsSecret", skip(user))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    UpdateVariableIsSecret { name, is_secret }: UpdateVariableIsSecret,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<UpdateVariableIsSecretResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<UpdateVariableIsSecretResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can update variables").into());
    }
    db_client()
      .variables
      .update_one(
-        doc! { "name": &name },
-        doc! { "$set": { "is_secret": is_secret } },
+        doc! { "name": &self.name },
+        doc! { "$set": { "is_secret": self.is_secret } },
      )
      .await
      .context("failed to update variable is secret on db")?;
-    get_variable(&name).await
+    Ok(get_variable(&self.name).await?)
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<DeleteVariable, User> for State {
+impl Resolve<WriteArgs> for DeleteVariable {
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    DeleteVariable { name }: DeleteVariable,
-    user: User,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<DeleteVariableResponse> {
+    self,
+    WriteArgs { user }: &WriteArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<DeleteVariableResponse> {
    if !user.admin {
-      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can delete variables"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("only admins can delete variables").into());
    }
-    let variable = get_variable(&name).await?;
+    let variable = get_variable(&self.name).await?;
    db_client()
      .variables
-      .delete_one(doc! { "name": &name })
+      .delete_one(doc! { "name": &self.name })
      .await
      .context("failed to delete variable on db")?;

    let mut update = make_update(
      ResourceTarget::system(),
      Operation::DeleteVariable,
-      &user,
+      user,
    );

    update
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/github/client.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/github/client.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 use std::sync::OnceLock;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use komodo_client::entities::config::core::{
  CoreConfig, OauthCredentials,
 };
 use reqwest::StatusCode;
-use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize, de::DeserializeOwned};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;

 use crate::{
@@ -47,15 +47,21 @@ impl GithubOauthClient {
      return None;
    }
    if host.is_empty() {
-      warn!("github oauth is enabled, but 'config.host' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "github oauth is enabled, but 'config.host' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    if id.is_empty() {
-      warn!("github oauth is enabled, but 'config.github_oauth.id' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "github oauth is enabled, but 'config.github_oauth.id' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    if secret.is_empty() {
-      warn!("github oauth is enabled, but 'config.github_oauth.secret' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "github oauth is enabled, but 'config.github_oauth.secret' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    GithubOauthClient {
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/github/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/github/mod.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use axum::{
-  extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get, Router,
+  Router, extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get,
 };
 use komodo_client::entities::{
  komodo_timestamp,
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ async fn callback(
    .context("failed at find user query from database")?;
  let jwt = match user {
    Some(user) => jwt_client()
-      .generate(user.id)
+      .encode(user.id)
      .context("failed to generate jwt")?,
    None => {
      let ts = komodo_timestamp();
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ async fn callback(
        .context("inserted_id is not ObjectId")?
        .to_string();
      jwt_client()
-        .generate(user_id)
+        .encode(user_id)
        .context("failed to generate jwt")?
    }
  };
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/google/client.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/google/client.rs
@@ -1,13 +1,12 @@
 use std::sync::OnceLock;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
-use jwt::Token;
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
+use jsonwebtoken::{DecodingKey, Validation, decode};
 use komodo_client::entities::config::core::{
  CoreConfig, OauthCredentials,
 };
 use reqwest::StatusCode;
-use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Deserialize};
-use serde_json::Value;
+use serde::{Deserialize, de::DeserializeOwned};
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;

 use crate::{
@@ -49,15 +48,21 @@ impl GoogleOauthClient {
      return None;
    }
    if host.is_empty() {
-      warn!("google oauth is enabled, but 'config.host' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "google oauth is enabled, but 'config.host' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    if id.is_empty() {
-      warn!("google oauth is enabled, but 'config.google_oauth.id' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "google oauth is enabled, but 'config.google_oauth.id' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    if secret.is_empty() {
-      warn!("google oauth is enabled, but 'config.google_oauth.secret' is not configured");
+      warn!(
+        "google oauth is enabled, but 'config.google_oauth.secret' is not configured"
+      );
      return None;
    }
    let scopes = urlencoding::encode(
@@ -139,10 +144,16 @@ impl GoogleOauthClient {
    &self,
    id_token: &str,
  ) -> anyhow::Result<GoogleUser> {
-    let t: Token<Value, GoogleUser, jwt::Unverified> =
-      Token::parse_unverified(id_token)
-        .context("failed to parse id_token")?;
-    Ok(t.claims().to_owned())
+    let mut v = Validation::new(Default::default());
+    v.insecure_disable_signature_validation();
+    v.validate_aud = false;
+    let res = decode::<GoogleUser>(
+      id_token,
+      &DecodingKey::from_secret(b""),
+      &v,
+    )
+    .context("failed to decode google id token")?;
+    Ok(res.claims)
  }

  #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/google/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/google/mod.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use async_timing_util::unix_timestamp_ms;
 use axum::{
-  extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get, Router,
+  Router, extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get,
 };
 use komodo_client::entities::user::{User, UserConfig};
 use mongo_indexed::Document;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ async fn callback(
    .context("failed at find user query from mongo")?;
  let jwt = match user {
    Some(user) => jwt_client()
-      .generate(user.id)
+      .encode(user.id)
      .context("failed to generate jwt")?,
    None => {
      let ts = unix_timestamp_ms() as i64;
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ async fn callback(
        .context("inserted_id is not ObjectId")?
        .to_string();
      jwt_client()
-        .generate(user_id)
+        .encode(user_id)
        .context("failed to generate jwt")?
    }
  };
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/jwt.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/jwt.rs
@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 use std::collections::HashMap;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use async_timing_util::{
-  get_timelength_in_ms, unix_timestamp_ms, Timelength,
+  Timelength, get_timelength_in_ms, unix_timestamp_ms,
+};
+use jsonwebtoken::{
+  DecodingKey, EncodingKey, Header, Validation, decode, encode,
 };
-use hmac::{Hmac, Mac};
-use jwt::SignWithKey;
 use komodo_client::entities::config::core::CoreConfig;
 use mungos::mongodb::bson::doc;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
-use sha2::Sha256;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;

 use crate::helpers::random_string;
@@ -24,7 +24,10 @@ pub struct JwtClaims {
 }

 pub struct JwtClient {
-  pub key: Hmac<Sha256>,
+  header: Header,
+  validation: Validation,
+  encoding_key: EncodingKey,
+  decoding_key: DecodingKey,
  ttl_ms: u128,
  exchange_tokens: ExchangeTokenMap,
 }
@@ -36,10 +39,11 @@ impl JwtClient {
    } else {
      config.jwt_secret.clone()
    };
-    let key = Hmac::new_from_slice(secret.as_bytes())
-      .context("failed at taking HmacSha256 of jwt secret")?;
    Ok(JwtClient {
-      key,
+      header: Header::default(),
+      validation: Validation::new(Default::default()),
+      encoding_key: EncodingKey::from_secret(secret.as_bytes()),
+      decoding_key: DecodingKey::from_secret(secret.as_bytes()),
      ttl_ms: get_timelength_in_ms(
        config.jwt_ttl.to_string().parse()?,
      ),
@@ -47,7 +51,7 @@ impl JwtClient {
    })
  }

-  pub fn generate(&self, user_id: String) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
+  pub fn encode(&self, user_id: String) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
    let iat = unix_timestamp_ms();
    let exp = iat + self.ttl_ms;
    let claims = JwtClaims {
@@ -55,10 +59,14 @@ impl JwtClient {
      iat,
      exp,
    };
-    let jwt = claims
-      .sign_with_key(&self.key)
-      .context("failed at signing claim")?;
-    Ok(jwt)
+    encode(&self.header, &claims, &self.encoding_key)
+      .context("failed at signing claim")
+  }
+
+  pub fn decode(&self, jwt: &str) -> anyhow::Result<JwtClaims> {
+    decode::<JwtClaims>(jwt, &self.decoding_key, &self.validation)
+      .map(|res| res.claims)
+      .context("failed to decode token claims")
  }

  #[instrument(level = "debug", skip_all)]
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/local.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/local.rs
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use std::str::FromStr;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use async_timing_util::unix_timestamp_ms;
-use axum::http::HeaderMap;
 use komodo_client::{
  api::auth::{
    CreateLocalUser, CreateLocalUserResponse, LoginLocalUser,
@@ -15,50 +14,52 @@ use mungos::mongodb::bson::{doc, oid::ObjectId};
 use resolver_api::Resolve;

 use crate::{
+  api::auth::AuthArgs,
  config::core_config,
  helpers::hash_password,
-  state::{db_client, jwt_client, State},
+  state::{db_client, jwt_client},
 };

-impl Resolve<CreateLocalUser, HeaderMap> for State {
+impl Resolve<AuthArgs> for CreateLocalUser {
  #[instrument(name = "CreateLocalUser", skip(self))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    CreateLocalUser { username, password }: CreateLocalUser,
-    _: HeaderMap,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<CreateLocalUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &AuthArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<CreateLocalUserResponse> {
    let core_config = core_config();

    if !core_config.local_auth {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Local auth is not enabled"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("Local auth is not enabled").into());
    }

-    if username.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Username cannot be empty string"));
+    if self.username.is_empty() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("Username cannot be empty string").into());
    }

-    if ObjectId::from_str(&username).is_ok() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Username cannot be valid ObjectId"));
+    if ObjectId::from_str(&self.username).is_ok() {
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!("Username cannot be valid ObjectId").into(),
+      );
    }

-    if password.is_empty() {
-      return Err(anyhow!("Password cannot be empty string"));
+    if self.password.is_empty() {
+      return Err(anyhow!("Password cannot be empty string").into());
    }

-    let hashed_password = hash_password(password)?;
+    let hashed_password = hash_password(self.password)?;

    let no_users_exist =
      db_client().users.find_one(Document::new()).await?.is_none();

    if !no_users_exist && core_config.disable_user_registration {
-      return Err(anyhow!("User registration is disabled"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("User registration is disabled").into());
    }

    let ts = unix_timestamp_ms() as i64;

    let user = User {
      id: Default::default(),
-      username,
+      username: self.username,
      enabled: no_users_exist || core_config.enable_new_users,
      admin: no_users_exist,
      super_admin: no_users_exist,
@@ -84,51 +85,53 @@ impl Resolve<CreateLocalUser, HeaderMap> for State {
      .to_string();

    let jwt = jwt_client()
-      .generate(user_id)
+      .encode(user_id)
      .context("failed to generate jwt for user")?;

    Ok(CreateLocalUserResponse { jwt })
  }
 }

-impl Resolve<LoginLocalUser, HeaderMap> for State {
+impl Resolve<AuthArgs> for LoginLocalUser {
  #[instrument(name = "LoginLocalUser", level = "debug", skip(self))]
  async fn resolve(
-    &self,
-    LoginLocalUser { username, password }: LoginLocalUser,
-    _: HeaderMap,
-  ) -> anyhow::Result<LoginLocalUserResponse> {
+    self,
+    _: &AuthArgs,
+  ) -> serror::Result<LoginLocalUserResponse> {
    if !core_config().local_auth {
-      return Err(anyhow!("local auth is not enabled"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("local auth is not enabled").into());
    }

    let user = db_client()
      .users
-      .find_one(doc! { "username": &username })
+      .find_one(doc! { "username": &self.username })
      .await
      .context("failed at db query for users")?
      .with_context(|| {
-        format!("did not find user with username {username}")
+        format!("did not find user with username {}", self.username)
      })?;

    let UserConfig::Local {
      password: user_pw_hash,
    } = user.config
    else {
-      return Err(anyhow!(
-        "non-local auth users can not log in with a password"
-      ));
+      return Err(
+        anyhow!(
+          "non-local auth users can not log in with a password"
+        )
+        .into(),
+      );
    };

-    let verified = bcrypt::verify(password, &user_pw_hash)
+    let verified = bcrypt::verify(self.password, &user_pw_hash)
      .context("failed at verify password")?;

    if !verified {
-      return Err(anyhow!("invalid credentials"));
+      return Err(anyhow!("invalid credentials").into());
    }

    let jwt = jwt_client()
-      .generate(user.id)
+      .encode(user.id)
      .context("failed at generating jwt for user")?;

    Ok(LoginLocalUserResponse { jwt })
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/mod.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-use ::jwt::VerifyWithKey;
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use async_timing_util::unix_timestamp_ms;
 use axum::{
  extract::Request, http::HeaderMap, middleware::Next,
@@ -71,7 +70,9 @@ pub async fn get_user_id_from_headers(
    }
    _ => {
      // AUTH FAIL
-      Err(anyhow!("must attach either AUTHORIZATION header with jwt OR pass X-API-KEY and X-API-SECRET"))
+      Err(anyhow!(
+        "must attach either AUTHORIZATION header with jwt OR pass X-API-KEY and X-API-SECRET"
+      ))
    }
  }
 }
@@ -93,9 +94,7 @@ pub async fn authenticate_check_enabled(
 pub async fn auth_jwt_get_user_id(
  jwt: &str,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-  let claims: JwtClaims = jwt
-    .verify_with_key(&jwt_client().key)
-    .context("failed to verify claims")?;
+  let claims: JwtClaims = jwt_client().decode(jwt)?;
  if claims.exp > unix_timestamp_ms() {
    Ok(claims.id)
  } else {
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/oidc/client.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/oidc/client.rs
@@ -1,67 +1,94 @@
-use std::sync::OnceLock;
+use std::{sync::OnceLock, time::Duration};

 use anyhow::Context;
+use arc_swap::ArcSwapOption;
 use openidconnect::{
-  core::{CoreClient, CoreProviderMetadata},
-  reqwest::async_http_client,
-  ClientId, ClientSecret, IssuerUrl, RedirectUrl,
+  Client, ClientId, ClientSecret, EmptyAdditionalClaims,
+  EndpointMaybeSet, EndpointNotSet, EndpointSet, IssuerUrl,
+  RedirectUrl, StandardErrorResponse, core::*,
 };

 use crate::config::core_config;

-static DEFAULT_OIDC_CLIENT: OnceLock<Option<CoreClient>> =
-  OnceLock::new();
+type OidcClient = Client<
+  EmptyAdditionalClaims,
+  CoreAuthDisplay,
+  CoreGenderClaim,
+  CoreJweContentEncryptionAlgorithm,
+  CoreJsonWebKey,
+  CoreAuthPrompt,
+  StandardErrorResponse<CoreErrorResponseType>,
+  CoreTokenResponse,
+  CoreTokenIntrospectionResponse,
+  CoreRevocableToken,
+  CoreRevocationErrorResponse,
+  EndpointSet,
+  EndpointNotSet,
+  EndpointNotSet,
+  EndpointNotSet,
+  EndpointMaybeSet,
+  EndpointMaybeSet,
+>;

-pub fn default_oidc_client() -> Option<&'static CoreClient> {
-  DEFAULT_OIDC_CLIENT
-    .get()
-    .expect("OIDC client get before init")
-    .as_ref()
+pub fn oidc_client() -> &'static ArcSwapOption<OidcClient> {
+  static OIDC_CLIENT: OnceLock<ArcSwapOption<OidcClient>> =
+    OnceLock::new();
+  OIDC_CLIENT.get_or_init(Default::default)
 }

-pub async fn init_default_oidc_client() {
+/// The OIDC client must be reinitialized to
+/// pick up the latest provider JWKs. This
+/// function spawns a management thread to do this
+/// on a loop.
+pub async fn spawn_oidc_client_management() {
  let config = core_config();
  if !config.oidc_enabled
    || config.oidc_provider.is_empty()
    || config.oidc_client_id.is_empty()
-    || config.oidc_client_secret.is_empty()
  {
-    DEFAULT_OIDC_CLIENT
-      .set(None)
-      .expect("Default OIDC client initialized twice");
    return;
  }
-  async {
-    // Use OpenID Connect Discovery to fetch the provider metadata.
-    let provider_metadata = CoreProviderMetadata::discover_async(
-      IssuerUrl::new(config.oidc_provider.clone())?,
-      async_http_client,
-    )
+  reset_oidc_client()
    .await
-    .context(
-      "Failed to get OIDC /.well-known/openid-configuration",
-    )?;
-
-    // Create an OpenID Connect client by specifying the client ID, client secret, authorization URL
-    // and token URL.
-    let client = CoreClient::from_provider_metadata(
-      provider_metadata,
-      ClientId::new(config.oidc_client_id.to_string()),
-      Some(ClientSecret::new(config.oidc_client_secret.to_string())),
-    )
-    // Set the URL the user will be redirected to after the authorization process.
-    .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new(format!(
-      "{}/auth/oidc/callback",
-      core_config().host
-    ))?);
-
-    DEFAULT_OIDC_CLIENT
-      .set(Some(client))
-      .expect("Default OIDC client initialized twice");
-
-    anyhow::Ok(())
-  }
-  .await
-  .context("Failed to init default OIDC client")
-  .unwrap();
+    .context("Failed to initialize OIDC client.")
+    .unwrap();
+  tokio::spawn(async move {
+    loop {
+      tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(60)).await;
+      if let Err(e) = reset_oidc_client().await {
+        warn!("Failed to reinitialize OIDC client | {e:#}");
+      }
+    }
+  });
+}
+
+async fn reset_oidc_client() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
+  let config = core_config();
+  // Use OpenID Connect Discovery to fetch the provider metadata.
+  let provider_metadata = CoreProviderMetadata::discover_async(
+    IssuerUrl::new(config.oidc_provider.clone())?,
+    super::reqwest_client(),
+  )
+  .await
+  .context("Failed to get OIDC /.well-known/openid-configuration")?;
+
+  let client = CoreClient::from_provider_metadata(
+    provider_metadata,
+    ClientId::new(config.oidc_client_id.to_string()),
+    // The secret may be empty / ommitted if auth provider supports PKCE
+    if config.oidc_client_secret.is_empty() {
+      None
+    } else {
+      Some(ClientSecret::new(config.oidc_client_secret.to_string()))
+    },
+  )
+  // Set the URL the user will be redirected to after the authorization process.
+  .set_redirect_uri(RedirectUrl::new(format!(
+    "{}/auth/oidc/callback",
+    core_config().host
+  ))?);
+
+  oidc_client().store(Some(client.into()));
+
+  Ok(())
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/auth/oidc/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/auth/oidc/mod.rs
@@ -1,20 +1,20 @@
 use std::sync::OnceLock;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use axum::{
-  extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get, Router,
+  Router, extract::Query, response::Redirect, routing::get,
 };
-use client::default_oidc_client;
+use client::oidc_client;
 use dashmap::DashMap;
 use komodo_client::entities::{
  komodo_timestamp,
  user::{User, UserConfig},
 };
-use mungos::mongodb::bson::{doc, Document};
+use mungos::mongodb::bson::{Document, doc};
 use openidconnect::{
-  core::CoreAuthenticationFlow, AccessTokenHash, AuthorizationCode,
-  CsrfToken, Nonce, OAuth2TokenResponse, PkceCodeChallenge,
-  PkceCodeVerifier, Scope, TokenResponse,
+  AccessTokenHash, AuthorizationCode, CsrfToken, Nonce,
+  OAuth2TokenResponse, PkceCodeChallenge, PkceCodeVerifier, Scope,
+  TokenResponse, core::CoreAuthenticationFlow,
 };
 use reqwest::StatusCode;
 use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -29,16 +29,28 @@ use super::RedirectQuery;

 pub mod client;

+fn reqwest_client() -> &'static reqwest::Client {
+  static REQWEST: OnceLock<reqwest::Client> = OnceLock::new();
+  REQWEST.get_or_init(|| {
+    reqwest::Client::builder()
+      .redirect(reqwest::redirect::Policy::none())
+      .build()
+      .expect("Invalid OIDC reqwest client")
+  })
+}
+
 /// CSRF tokens can only be used once from the callback,
 /// and must be used within this timeframe
 const CSRF_VALID_FOR_MS: i64 = 120_000; // 2 minutes for user to log in.

 type RedirectUrl = Option<String>;
-type CsrfMap =
+/// Maps the csrf secrets to other information added in the "login" method (before auth provider redirect).
+/// This information is retrieved in the "callback" method (after auth provider redirect).
+type VerifierMap =
  DashMap<String, (PkceCodeVerifier, Nonce, RedirectUrl, i64)>;
-fn csrf_verifier_tokens() -> &'static CsrfMap {
-  static CSRF: OnceLock<CsrfMap> = OnceLock::new();
-  CSRF.get_or_init(Default::default)
+fn verifier_tokens() -> &'static VerifierMap {
+  static VERIFIERS: OnceLock<VerifierMap> = OnceLock::new();
+  VERIFIERS.get_or_init(Default::default)
 }

 pub fn router() -> Router {
@@ -61,10 +73,10 @@ pub fn router() -> Router {
 async fn login(
  Query(RedirectQuery { redirect }): Query<RedirectQuery>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<Redirect> {
+  let client = oidc_client().load();
  let client =
-    default_oidc_client().context("OIDC Client not configured")?;
+    client.as_ref().context("OIDC Client not configured")?;

-  // Generate a PKCE challenge.
  let (pkce_challenge, pkce_verifier) =
    PkceCodeChallenge::new_random_sha256();

@@ -75,13 +87,13 @@ async fn login(
      CsrfToken::new_random,
      Nonce::new_random,
    )
+    .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_challenge)
    .add_scope(Scope::new("openid".to_string()))
    .add_scope(Scope::new("email".to_string()))
-    .set_pkce_challenge(pkce_challenge)
    .url();

  // Data inserted here will be matched on callback side for csrf protection.
-  csrf_verifier_tokens().insert(
+  verifier_tokens().insert(
    csrf_token.secret().clone(),
    (
      pkce_verifier,
@@ -92,13 +104,19 @@ async fn login(
  );

  let config = core_config();
-  let redirect = if !config.oidc_redirect.is_empty() {
-    Redirect::to(
-      auth_url
-        .as_str()
-        .replace(&config.oidc_provider, &config.oidc_redirect)
-        .as_str(),
-    )
+  let redirect = if !config.oidc_redirect_host.is_empty() {
+    let auth_url = auth_url.as_str();
+    let (protocol, rest) = auth_url
+      .split_once("://")
+      .context("Invalid URL: Missing protocol (eg 'https://')")?;
+    let host = rest
+      .split_once(['/', '?'])
+      .map(|(host, _)| host)
+      .unwrap_or(rest);
+    Redirect::to(&auth_url.replace(
+      &format!("{protocol}://{host}"),
+      &config.oidc_redirect_host,
+    ))
  } else {
    Redirect::to(auth_url.as_str())
  };
@@ -117,8 +135,9 @@ struct CallbackQuery {
 async fn callback(
  Query(query): Query<CallbackQuery>,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<Redirect> {
+  let client = oidc_client().load();
  let client =
-    default_oidc_client().context("OIDC Client not configured")?;
+    client.as_ref().context("OIDC Client not configured")?;

  if let Some(e) = query.error {
    return Err(anyhow!("Provider returned error: {e}"));
@@ -130,21 +149,21 @@ async fn callback(
  );

  let (_, (pkce_verifier, nonce, redirect, valid_until)) =
-    csrf_verifier_tokens()
+    verifier_tokens()
      .remove(state.secret())
-      .context("CSRF Token invalid")?;
+      .context("CSRF token invalid")?;

  if komodo_timestamp() > valid_until {
    return Err(anyhow!(
-      "CSRF token invalid (Timed out). The token must be "
+      "CSRF token invalid (Timed out). The token must be used within 2 minutes."
    ));
  }

  let token_response = client
    .exchange_code(AuthorizationCode::new(code))
-    // Set the PKCE code verifier.
+    .context("Failed to get Oauth token at exchange code")?
    .set_pkce_verifier(pkce_verifier)
-    .request_async(openidconnect::reqwest::async_http_client)
+    .request_async(reqwest_client())
    .await
    .context("Failed to get Oauth token")?;

@@ -167,7 +186,7 @@ async fn callback(

  let claims = id_token
    .claims(&verifier, &nonce)
-    .context("Failed to verify token claims")?;
+    .context("Failed to verify token claims. This issue may be temporary (60 seconds max).")?;

  // Verify the access token hash to ensure that the access token hasn't been substituted for
  // another user's.
@@ -175,7 +194,8 @@ async fn callback(
  {
    let actual_access_token_hash = AccessTokenHash::from_token(
      token_response.access_token(),
-      &id_token.signing_alg()?,
+      id_token.signing_alg()?,
+      id_token.signing_key(&verifier)?,
    )?;
    if actual_access_token_hash != *expected_access_token_hash {
      return Err(anyhow!("Invalid access token"));
@@ -196,7 +216,7 @@ async fn callback(

  let jwt = match user {
    Some(user) => jwt_client()
-      .generate(user.id)
+      .encode(user.id)
      .context("failed to generate jwt")?,
    None => {
      let ts = komodo_timestamp();
@@ -252,7 +272,7 @@ async fn callback(
        .context("inserted_id is not ObjectId")?
        .to_string();
      jwt_client()
-        .generate(user_id)
+        .encode(user_id)
        .context("failed to generate jwt")?
    }
  };
--- a/bin/core/src/cloud/aws/ec2.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/cloud/aws/ec2.rs
@@ -1,22 +1,22 @@
 use std::{str::FromStr, time::Duration};

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use aws_config::{BehaviorVersion, Region};
 use aws_sdk_ec2::{
+  Client,
  types::{
    BlockDeviceMapping, EbsBlockDevice,
    InstanceNetworkInterfaceSpecification, InstanceStateChange,
    InstanceStateName, InstanceStatus, InstanceType, ResourceType,
    Tag, TagSpecification, VolumeType,
  },
-  Client,
 };
 use base64::Engine;
 use komodo_client::entities::{
+  ResourceTarget,
  alert::{Alert, AlertData, SeverityLevel},
  komodo_timestamp,
  server_template::aws::AwsServerTemplateConfig,
-  ResourceTarget,
 };

 use crate::{alert::send_alerts, config::core_config};
@@ -29,20 +29,40 @@ pub struct Ec2Instance {
  pub ip: String,
 }

+/// Provides credentials in the core config file to the AWS client
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct CredentialsFromConfig;
+
+impl aws_credential_types::provider::ProvideCredentials
+  for CredentialsFromConfig
+{
+  fn provide_credentials<'a>(
+    &'a self,
+  ) -> aws_credential_types::provider::future::ProvideCredentials<'a>
+  where
+    Self: 'a,
+  {
+    aws_credential_types::provider::future::ProvideCredentials::new(
+      async {
+        let config = core_config();
+        Ok(aws_credential_types::Credentials::new(
+          &config.aws.access_key_id,
+          &config.aws.secret_access_key,
+          None,
+          None,
+          "komodo-config",
+        ))
+      },
+    )
+  }
+}
+
 #[instrument]
 async fn create_ec2_client(region: String) -> Client {
-  // There may be a better way to pass these keys to client
-  std::env::set_var(
-    "AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID",
-    &core_config().aws.access_key_id,
-  );
-  std::env::set_var(
-    "AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY",
-    &core_config().aws.secret_access_key,
-  );
  let region = Region::new(region);
-  let config = aws_config::defaults(BehaviorVersion::v2024_03_28())
+  let config = aws_config::defaults(BehaviorVersion::latest())
    .region(region)
+    .credentials_provider(CredentialsFromConfig)
    .load()
    .await;
  Client::new(&config)
@@ -212,21 +232,37 @@ async fn terminate_ec2_instance_inner(
  Ok(res)
 }

+/// Automatically retries 5 times, waiting 2 sec in between
 #[instrument(level = "debug")]
 async fn get_ec2_instance_status(
  client: &Client,
  instance_id: &str,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<Option<InstanceStatus>> {
-  let status = client
-    .describe_instance_status()
-    .instance_ids(instance_id)
-    .send()
+  let mut try_count = 1;
+  loop {
+    match async {
+      anyhow::Ok(
+        client
+          .describe_instance_status()
+          .instance_ids(instance_id)
+          .send()
+          .await
+          .context("failed to describe instance status from aws")?
+          .instance_statuses()
+          .first()
+          .cloned(),
+      )
+    }
    .await
-    .context("failed to get instance status from aws")?
-    .instance_statuses()
-    .first()
-    .cloned();
-  Ok(status)
+    {
+      Ok(res) => return Ok(res),
+      Err(e) if try_count > 4 => return Err(e),
+      Err(_) => {
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+        try_count += 1;
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }

 #[instrument(level = "debug")]
@@ -248,28 +284,43 @@ async fn get_ec2_instance_state_name(
  Ok(Some(state))
 }

+/// Automatically retries 5 times, waiting 2 sec in between
 #[instrument(level = "debug")]
 async fn get_ec2_instance_public_ip(
  client: &Client,
  instance_id: &str,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<String> {
-  let ip = client
-    .describe_instances()
-    .instance_ids(instance_id)
-    .send()
+  let mut try_count = 1;
+  loop {
+    match async {
+      anyhow::Ok(
+        client
+          .describe_instances()
+          .instance_ids(instance_id)
+          .send()
+          .await
+          .context("failed to describe instances from aws")?
+          .reservations()
+          .first()
+          .context("instance reservations is empty")?
+          .instances()
+          .first()
+          .context("instances is empty")?
+          .public_ip_address()
+          .context("instance has no public ip")?
+          .to_string(),
+      )
+    }
    .await
-    .context("failed to get instance status from aws")?
-    .reservations()
-    .first()
-    .context("instance reservations is empty")?
-    .instances()
-    .first()
-    .context("instances is empty")?
-    .public_ip_address()
-    .context("instance has no public ip")?
-    .to_string();
-
-  Ok(ip)
+    {
+      Ok(res) => return Ok(res),
+      Err(e) if try_count > 4 => return Err(e),
+      Err(_) => {
+        tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+        try_count += 1;
+      }
+    }
+  }
 }

 fn handle_unknown_instance_type(
@@ -1056,7 +1107,90 @@ fn handle_unknown_instance_type(
    | InstanceType::Z1d6xlarge
    | InstanceType::Z1dLarge
    | InstanceType::Z1dMetal
-    | InstanceType::Z1dXlarge => Ok(instance_type),
+    | InstanceType::Z1dXlarge
+    | InstanceType::C7gdMetal
+    | InstanceType::C7gnMetal
+    | InstanceType::C7iFlex2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C7iFlex4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C7iFlex8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C7iFlexLarge
+    | InstanceType::C7iFlexXlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g12xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g16xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g24xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g48xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8g8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::C8gLarge
+    | InstanceType::C8gMedium
+    | InstanceType::C8gMetal24xl
+    | InstanceType::C8gMetal48xl
+    | InstanceType::C8gXlarge
+    | InstanceType::G612xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G616xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G624xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G62xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G648xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G64xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G68xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6Xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e12xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e16xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e24xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e48xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6e8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::G6eXlarge
+    | InstanceType::Gr64xlarge
+    | InstanceType::Gr68xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M7gdMetal
+    | InstanceType::M8g12xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g16xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g24xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g48xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8g8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::M8gLarge
+    | InstanceType::M8gMedium
+    | InstanceType::M8gMetal24xl
+    | InstanceType::M8gMetal48xl
+    | InstanceType::M8gXlarge
+    | InstanceType::Mac2M1ultraMetal
+    | InstanceType::R7gdMetal
+    | InstanceType::R7izMetal16xl
+    | InstanceType::R7izMetal32xl
+    | InstanceType::R8g12xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g16xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g24xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g48xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8g8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::R8gLarge
+    | InstanceType::R8gMedium
+    | InstanceType::R8gMetal24xl
+    | InstanceType::R8gMetal48xl
+    | InstanceType::R8gXlarge
+    | InstanceType::U7i12tb224xlarge
+    | InstanceType::U7ib12tb224xlarge
+    | InstanceType::U7in16tb224xlarge
+    | InstanceType::U7in24tb224xlarge
+    | InstanceType::U7in32tb224xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g12xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g16xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g24xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g2xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g48xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g4xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8g8xlarge
+    | InstanceType::X8gLarge
+    | InstanceType::X8gMedium
+    | InstanceType::X8gMetal24xl
+    | InstanceType::X8gMetal48xl
+    | InstanceType::X8gXlarge => Ok(instance_type),
    other => Err(anyhow!("unknown InstanceType: {other:?}")),
  }
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/cloud/hetzner/client.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/cloud/hetzner/client.rs
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use axum::http::{HeaderName, HeaderValue};
 use reqwest::{RequestBuilder, StatusCode};
-use serde::{de::DeserializeOwned, Serialize};
+use serde::{Serialize, de::DeserializeOwned};

 use super::{
  common::{
--- a/bin/core/src/cloud/hetzner/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/cloud/hetzner/mod.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use std::{
  time::Duration,
 };

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use futures::future::join_all;
 use komodo_client::entities::server_template::hetzner::{
  HetznerDatacenter, HetznerServerTemplateConfig, HetznerServerType,
--- a/bin/core/src/cloud/mod.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/cloud/mod.rs
@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ pub mod hetzner;

 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum BuildCleanupData {
-  Server { repo_name: String },
+  /// Nothing to clean up
+  Server,
+  /// Clean up AWS instance
  Aws { instance_id: String, region: String },
 }
--- a/bin/core/src/config.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/config.rs
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ pub fn core_config() -> &'static CoreConfig {
      },
      oidc_enabled: env.komodo_oidc_enabled.unwrap_or(config.oidc_enabled),
      oidc_provider: env.komodo_oidc_provider.unwrap_or(config.oidc_provider),
-      oidc_redirect: env.komodo_oidc_redirect.unwrap_or(config.oidc_redirect),
+      oidc_redirect_host: env.komodo_oidc_redirect_host.unwrap_or(config.oidc_redirect_host),
      oidc_client_id: maybe_read_item_from_file(env.komodo_oidc_client_id_file,env
        .komodo_oidc_client_id)
        .unwrap_or(config.oidc_client_id),
@@ -139,6 +139,7 @@ pub fn core_config() -> &'static CoreConfig {
      title: env.komodo_title.unwrap_or(config.title),
      host: env.komodo_host.unwrap_or(config.host),
      port: env.komodo_port.unwrap_or(config.port),
+      bind_ip: env.komodo_bind_ip.unwrap_or(config.bind_ip),
      first_server: env.komodo_first_server.unwrap_or(config.first_server),
      frontend_path: env.komodo_frontend_path.unwrap_or(config.frontend_path),
      jwt_ttl: env
@@ -150,6 +151,9 @@ pub fn core_config() -> &'static CoreConfig {
      repo_directory: env
        .komodo_repo_directory
        .unwrap_or(config.repo_directory),
+      action_directory: env
+        .komodo_action_directory
+        .unwrap_or(config.action_directory),
      resource_poll_interval: env
        .komodo_resource_poll_interval
        .unwrap_or(config.resource_poll_interval),
@@ -179,6 +183,8 @@ pub fn core_config() -> &'static CoreConfig {
        .unwrap_or(config.disable_user_registration),
      disable_non_admin_create: env.komodo_disable_non_admin_create
        .unwrap_or(config.disable_non_admin_create),
+      lock_login_credentials_for: env.komodo_lock_login_credentials_for
+        .unwrap_or(config.lock_login_credentials_for),
      local_auth: env.komodo_local_auth
        .unwrap_or(config.local_auth),
      logging: LogConfig {
@@ -188,6 +194,7 @@ pub fn core_config() -> &'static CoreConfig {
        stdio: env
          .komodo_logging_stdio
          .unwrap_or(config.logging.stdio),
+        pretty: env.komodo_logging_pretty.unwrap_or(config.logging.pretty),
        otlp_endpoint: env
          .komodo_logging_otlp_endpoint
          .unwrap_or(config.logging.otlp_endpoint),
--- a/bin/core/src/db.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/db.rs
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 use komodo_client::entities::{
+  action::Action,
  alert::Alert,
  alerter::Alerter,
  api_key::ApiKey,
@@ -47,6 +48,7 @@ pub struct DbClient {
  pub builders: Collection<Builder>,
  pub repos: Collection<Repo>,
  pub procedures: Collection<Procedure>,
+  pub actions: Collection<Action>,
  pub alerters: Collection<Alerter>,
  pub server_templates: Collection<ServerTemplate>,
  pub resource_syncs: Collection<ResourceSync>,
@@ -87,7 +89,9 @@ impl DbClient {
        client = client.address(address);
      }
      _ => {
-        error!("config.mongo not configured correctly. must pass either config.mongo.uri, or config.mongo.address + config.mongo.username? + config.mongo.password?");
+        error!(
+          "config.mongo not configured correctly. must pass either config.mongo.uri, or config.mongo.address + config.mongo.username? + config.mongo.password?"
+        );
        std::process::exit(1)
      }
    }
@@ -115,6 +119,7 @@ impl DbClient {
      repos: resource_collection(&db, "Repo").await?,
      alerters: resource_collection(&db, "Alerter").await?,
      procedures: resource_collection(&db, "Procedure").await?,
+      actions: resource_collection(&db, "Action").await?,
      server_templates: resource_collection(&db, "ServerTemplate")
        .await?,
      resource_syncs: resource_collection(&db, "ResourceSync")
--- a/bin/core/src/helpers/action_state.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/helpers/action_state.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@ use anyhow::anyhow;
 use komodo_client::{
  busy::Busy,
  entities::{
-    build::BuildActionState, deployment::DeploymentActionState,
+    action::ActionActionState, build::BuildActionState,
+    deployment::DeploymentActionState,
    procedure::ProcedureActionState, repo::RepoActionState,
    server::ServerActionState, stack::StackActionState,
    sync::ResourceSyncActionState,
@@ -22,6 +23,7 @@ pub struct ActionStates {
  pub repo: Cache<String, Arc<ActionState<RepoActionState>>>,
  pub procedure:
    Cache<String, Arc<ActionState<ProcedureActionState>>>,
+  pub action: Cache<String, Arc<ActionState<ActionActionState>>>,
  pub resource_sync:
    Cache<String, Arc<ActionState<ResourceSyncActionState>>>,
  pub stack: Cache<String, Arc<ActionState<StackActionState>>>,
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ pub struct UpdateGuard<'a, States: Default + Send + 'static>(
  &'a Mutex<States>,
 );

-impl<'a, States: Default + Send + 'static> Drop
-  for UpdateGuard<'a, States>
+impl<States: Default + Send + 'static> Drop
+  for UpdateGuard<'_, States>
 {
  fn drop(&mut self) {
    let mut lock = match self.0.lock() {
--- a/bin/core/src/helpers/builder.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/helpers/builder.rs
@@ -1,27 +1,27 @@
 use std::time::Duration;

-use anyhow::{anyhow, Context};
+use anyhow::{Context, anyhow};
 use formatting::muted;
 use komodo_client::entities::{
+  Version,
  builder::{AwsBuilderConfig, Builder, BuilderConfig},
  komodo_timestamp,
  server::Server,
  server_template::aws::AwsServerTemplateConfig,
  update::{Log, Update},
-  Version,
 };
 use periphery_client::{
-  api::{self, GetVersionResponse},
  PeripheryClient,
+  api::{self, GetVersionResponse},
 };

 use crate::{
  cloud::{
-    aws::ec2::{
-      launch_ec2_instance, terminate_ec2_instance_with_retry,
-      Ec2Instance,
-    },
    BuildCleanupData,
+    aws::ec2::{
+      Ec2Instance, launch_ec2_instance,
+      terminate_ec2_instance_with_retry,
+    },
  },
  config::core_config,
  helpers::update::update_update,
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ use crate::{
 use super::periphery_client;

 const BUILDER_POLL_RATE_SECS: u64 = 2;
-const BUILDER_POLL_MAX_TRIES: usize = 30;
+const BUILDER_POLL_MAX_TRIES: usize = 60;

 #[instrument(skip_all, fields(builder_id = builder.id, update_id = update.id))]
 pub async fn get_builder_periphery(
@@ -42,18 +42,34 @@ pub async fn get_builder_periphery(
  update: &mut Update,
 ) -> anyhow::Result<(PeripheryClient, BuildCleanupData)> {
  match builder.config {
+    BuilderConfig::Url(config) => {
+      if config.address.is_empty() {
+        return Err(anyhow!(
+          "Builder has not yet configured an address"
+        ));
+      }
+      let periphery = PeripheryClient::new(
+        config.address,
+        if config.passkey.is_empty() {
+          core_config().passkey.clone()
+        } else {
+          config.passkey
+        },
+        Duration::from_secs(3),
+      );
+      periphery
+        .health_check()
+        .await
+        .context("Url Builder failed health check")?;
+      Ok((periphery, BuildCleanupData::Server))
+    }
    BuilderConfig::Server(config) => {
      if config.server_id.is_empty() {
-        return Err(anyhow!("builder has not configured a server"));
+        return Err(anyhow!("Builder has not configured a server"));
      }
      let server = resource::get::<Server>(&config.server_id).await?;
      let periphery = periphery_client(&server)?;
-      Ok((
-        periphery,
-        BuildCleanupData::Server {
-          repo_name: resource_name,
-        },
-      ))
+      Ok((periphery, BuildCleanupData::Server))
    }
    BuilderConfig::Aws(config) => {
      get_aws_builder(&resource_name, version, config, update).await
@@ -96,8 +112,11 @@ async fn get_aws_builder(
  let protocol = if config.use_https { "https" } else { "http" };
  let periphery_address =
    format!("{protocol}://{ip}:{}", config.port);
-  let periphery =
-    PeripheryClient::new(&periphery_address, &core_config().passkey);
+  let periphery = PeripheryClient::new(
+    &periphery_address,
+    &core_config().passkey,
+    Duration::from_secs(3),
+  );

  let start_connect_ts = komodo_timestamp();
  let mut res = Ok(GetVersionResponse {
@@ -150,17 +169,14 @@ async fn get_aws_builder(
  )
 }

-#[instrument(skip(periphery, update))]
+#[instrument(skip(update))]
 pub async fn cleanup_builder_instance(
-  periphery: PeripheryClient,
  cleanup_data: BuildCleanupData,
  update: &mut Update,
 ) {
  match cleanup_data {
-    BuildCleanupData::Server { repo_name } => {
-      let _ = periphery
-        .request(api::git::DeleteRepo { name: repo_name })
-        .await;
+    BuildCleanupData::Server => {
+      // Nothing to clean up
    }
    BuildCleanupData::Aws {
      instance_id,
--- a/bin/core/src/helpers/cache.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/helpers/cache.rs
@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ pub struct Cache<K: PartialEq + Eq + Hash, T: Clone + Default> {
 }

 impl<
-    K: PartialEq + Eq + Hash + std::fmt::Debug + Clone,
-    T: Clone + Default,
-  > Cache<K, T>
+  K: PartialEq + Eq + Hash + std::fmt::Debug + Clone,
+  T: Clone + Default,
+> Cache<K, T>
 {
  #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
  pub async fn get(&self, key: &K) -> Option<T> {
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ impl<
 }

 impl<
-    K: PartialEq + Eq + Hash + std::fmt::Debug + Clone,
-    T: Clone + Default + Busy,
-  > Cache<K, T>
+  K: PartialEq + Eq + Hash + std::fmt::Debug + Clone,
+  T: Clone + Default + Busy,
+> Cache<K, T>
 {
  #[instrument(level = "debug", skip(self))]
  pub async fn busy(&self, id: &K) -> bool {
--- a/bin/core/src/helpers/channel.rs
+++ b/bin/core/src/helpers/channel.rs
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 use std::sync::OnceLock;

 use komodo_client::entities::update::{Update, UpdateListItem};
-use tokio::sync::{broadcast, Mutex};
+use tokio::sync::{Mutex, broadcast};

 /// A channel sending (build_id, update_id)
-pub fn build_cancel_channel(
-) -> &'static BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)> {
+pub fn build_cancel_channel()
+-> &'static BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)> {
  static BUILD_CANCEL_CHANNEL: OnceLock<
    BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)>,
  > = OnceLock::new();
@@ -13,8 +13,8 @@ pub fn build_cancel_channel(
 }

 /// A channel sending (repo_id, update_id)
-pub fn repo_cancel_channel(
-) -> &'static BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)> {
+pub fn repo_cancel_channel()
+-> &'static BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)> {
  static REPO_CANCEL_CHANNEL: OnceLock<
    BroadcastChannel<(String, Update)>,
  > = OnceLock::new();
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More