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[GH-ISSUE #6595] 4 AMD GPUs with mixed VRAM sizes: layer predictions incorrect leads to runner crash #66190
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opened 2026-05-04 00:31:46 -05:00 by GiteaMirror
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Originally created by @MikeLP on GitHub (Sep 2, 2024).
Original GitHub issue: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/6595
Originally assigned to: @dhiltgen on GitHub.
What is the issue?
When I load a large model that doesn't fit in VRAM, Ollama crashes:
➜ ~ ollama run dbrx:132b-instruct-q8_0
Error: llama runner process has terminated: signal: segmentation fault (core dumped)
This issue does not occur with Ollama 0.3.6.
My hardware:
CPU: AMD Ryzen Threadripper PRO 7965WX 24-Cores
GPU 1: AMD Instinct MI100 [Discrete]
GPU 2 AMD Instinct MI100 [Discrete]
GPU 3: AMD Radeon RX 6900 XT [Discrete]
GPU 4: AMD Radeon VII [Discrete]
VRAM: 96GiB
RAM: 128 GiB
OS
Linux
GPU
AMD
CPU
AMD
Ollama version
0.3.7 - 0.3.9
@jmorganca commented on GitHub (Sep 2, 2024):
Thanks for the issue!
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Sep 3, 2024):
Can you share your server log?
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 3, 2024):
@dhiltgen
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 4, 2024):
msg="waiting for server to become available" status="llm server not responding"
I have similar problem with 6 AMD Radeon Pro VII for larger models.
I am wondering if this is because my RAM (not VRAM) is only 64GB. Does it need to be larger that the VRAM requirement of the model?
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Sep 4, 2024):
@MikeLP as a workaround, are you able to reduce the number of layers loaded via
num_gputo get it to load, and if so, how much did we over-shoot?@vanife for large models split between GPU and CPU, yes, it can require significant system memory. Usually crashes related to host memory will report as such in the logs, but not always. If you run with OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 set on the server it will report more information about system memory, free swap space, etc which may help identify the cause of a crash.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 4, 2024):
Thank you, @dhiltgen.
I have 96GB total VRAM (6x 16GB).
For me these do work:
qwen2:72b(41GB),llama3.1:70b(39 GB, 58% of 6 GPUs). Butllama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_M(49GB) does not load anymore, even though it clearly has sufficient VRAM to load the whole model (and RAM as well as 64GB should be sufficient, I think).This is the result of me running the following command (on ubuntu 22.04):
OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 ollama run llama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_M(which should require ~49GB VRAM out of my 96GB available):@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 4, 2024):
I also tried the "success" scenario with this result:
Command:
OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 ollama run llama3.1:70brocm-smiresult once the client started loading:ollama ps:and the result of the
journalctl --since "15 minutes ago" -u ollama --no-pageris the same as "failure" scenario until thellm_load_tensorsblock starts, so I will post only the rest of the result since then:failure (same as previous post)
llama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_M:success (
llama3.1:70b):Any other ideas what I could try?
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Sep 5, 2024):
@vanife can you run the server with OLLAMA_DEBUG=1 set? (setting this in the client has no effect)
https://github.com/ollama/ollama/blob/main/docs/faq.md#how-do-i-configure-ollama-server
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 7, 2024):
@dhiltgen I was playing with a manual build of llama.cpp, and it's definitely a bug in llama.cpp.
Because before that, I didn't have any issues running large models. So it looks like starting from version 0.3.7, ollama uses the latest llama.cpp which has this bug.
Here is my build command
I tried offloading all layers and then just one layer, but it still crashes.
Output:
P.S.
It fails even without offloading layers to GPU (-ngl 0)
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 7, 2024):
@dhiltgen I created issue https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/9352
@vanife Could you please make some comment there you have the same issue.
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 8, 2024):
@dhiltgen Well, I think I understand the problem better now after talking to the guys from llama.cpp. So before, I was pretty sure that llama.cpp handles the context size and offloads it by default to RAM if VRAM is not enough, but it doesn't.
As I've got later, ollama sets a small context size by default (2048 or whatever), but this time (after 0.3.6) it doesn't overwrite it. Instead, it leaves the default large context size (if the user doesn't override it) and tries to load it into VRAM, which results in no available memory (leading to a segmentation fault).
Honestly, as a developer, I don't think any good product (especially a production one) should have "segmentation fault" errors. But this is open-source, so whatever. I don't believe llama.cpp will fix this issue, so I just closed the github ticket.
It would be great if ollama, as a high-level API, could handle this error and automatically calculate the maximum available context size based on the user's available memory (considering we know the model size, quantization, and quantity of layers). However, I understand that this is not a one-day fix but rather a significant feature.
So, maybe the only thing we can look into now is why ollama isn't overriding the default context size in some cases for version 0.3.9.
Or if it's expected behaviour, just need to mention it in the documentation.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 8, 2024):
OK. I have made following changes to the system:
OLLAMA_DEBUG=1for the service.results of
rocm-smiNow different models fail (compared to previous tests) and I cannot figure out the reasons because VRAM clearly is not an issue; also RAM itself (in case it is needed to load the models) is not as well as even smaller models fail to load.
I have 64GB RAM and 160GB VRAM (10x 16GB).
The full log trying to run
llama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_M(fails now as before) is below. On line 577 the segmentation fault error is generated, but I cannot see anything to indicate the reason from extra DEBUG statement:_llama3.1_70b-instruct-q5_K_M--error.log
However, at this time also
llama3.1:70bresults in the same error, although it was loading few days ago.@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Sep 12, 2024):
Somehow our prediction logic isn't correctly processing the context size across the GPUs, so we're loading too many layers on some GPU (probably GPU0). @MikeLP until we can find and fix the defect, there are a couple workarounds that may help.
You can force OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL=1 which will reduce the context by 4x. You may be able to leverage the new env var OLLAMA_GPU_OVERHEAD to preserve some additional space on the GPUs.
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 15, 2024):
@dhiltgen Unfortunately OLLAMA_GPU_OVERHEAD doesn't work in my case.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 26, 2024):
I have tried many models and many sizes and came to the following observation 62-64 GB seems to be the breaking point. Here is what i mean by it: as soon as the model size is 62GB or more, the model fails to run with the error in the subject (
Error: llama runner process has terminated: signal: segmentation fault (core dumped)).Also by "model size" i mean what
ollama psshows in theSIZEcolumn, and not theSIZEof theollama ls.I tried
OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL=1and thellama3.1:70b-instruct-q3_K_Lloaded (ls sizeis "37 GB",ps sizeis "60 GB", whereas without that parameter it failed as itsollama pssize was "63 GB".This gave me the hint to try something else: I have 11 identical GPUs (Radeon Pro VII with 16 GB VRAM each).
llama3.1:8b-instruct-fp16(ls: 16 GB, ps: 34 GB), it works and spreads over all 11 GPUs each ~14% load.llama3.1:70b-instruct-q3_K_M(ls: 34 GB, ps: 60 GB), it also works spreading work over 11 GPUs at ~30% load.llama3.1:70b-instruct-q3_K_L(ls: 37 gB, ps: 63 GB), it failed, butollama psbriefly showed 63 GB (100% GPU).OLLAMA_NUM_PARALLEL=1, and it allowed it to runHIP_AVAILABLE_DEVICESto limit number of GPUs, and surprisingly (to me) theollama psnumber was smaller for smaller number of devices: 53 GB for 7 GPUs, 50 GB for 5 GPUs and 45 GB for 3 GPUs, all of which loaded and ran without any problem.I then repeated the same "test" on
qwen2.5:72b-instruct-q3_K_Mmodel, where it worked with 3 to 9 GPUs (61 GB for 9 GPUs), but it failed for 10 or 11 for whichollama pswas showing 63 and 64 GB.Therefore, I have a strong suspicion that ~64GB something happens.
Any ideas?
Which two very similar settings should I run and provide with the log?
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Sep 26, 2024):
@dhiltgen This info should help.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 27, 2024):
Please find attached ollama server log output:

ollama-6595-cast2.log
and also a corresponding tmux session .gif file:
@vanife commented on GitHub (Sep 27, 2024):
... happy to have a zoom call if i can be of further help ...
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Oct 21, 2024):
@dhiltgen Latest update
0.3.14fixed the crash I had for large models. Should I close the issue?@vanife Does it work in your case?
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 21, 2024):
give me a day to check.
@MikeLP, do you know how exactly was it fixed? what was the culprit?
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Oct 21, 2024):
@vanife
Changelog says
Fix crashes for AMD GPUs with small system memory, and it doesn't make sense for my system, 128GB EEC DDR5 RAM and 96GB VRAM are not small system memory, but when after update I runllama3.1:405b-instruct-q2_K- it finally worked again.@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 21, 2024):
I can confirm that I am not getting this error anymore and the model loads, including the
llama3.1:405b-instruct-q2_Kyou run.However, all large (I think, all multi-GPU) models generate total rubbish.
In any event, this is another issue, so it makes sense to close this one.
@farshadghodsian commented on GitHub (Oct 21, 2024):
I can also confirm that the latest update fixes similar issue I had with Segment Fault when trying to load large models (LLama3.1-405B-q4). After updating to
0.3.14today I can now successfully load and run LLama3.1-405b on 5x W7900 GPUs. Runs a bit slow, but happy that it now finally works as I've been troubleshooting this issue the last few days.Error seen on Ollama

0.3.13:Fixed after updating to Ollama

0.3.14with no other change:@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
Interesting, in my case output is good.
@farshadghodsian commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
If you are on Linux and having issues with Ollama generating gibberish on multi-gpu setup with AMD GPUs it could be that you need to enable iommu pass through in your grub (see https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/install-on-linux/en/latest/reference/install-faq.html#issue-5-application-hangs-on-multi-gpu-systems). I've experienced it with earlier versions of ROCm and doing that fixed all my multi-gpu issues.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
Thank you for the hint. I tried it, but it did not help at all.
Previously I had an issue with the model being crossing the 64GB in size (see my comments above), but now i tried various models and configurations and as soon it does not fit in 1 GPU, it produces total garbage; whereas it worked before for those fitting into few.
I have 11x AMD Radeon Pro 7 with 16GB VRAM each. I wonder if somehow the support for them has been removed now, as they are quite dated...
But again - no segmenation fault error anymore, so this must be a different issue now, so this could be closed from my perspective.
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
@vanife if you force the system to under-allocate layers by setting
OLLAMA_GPU_OVERHEADdoes that yield good output across your multiple GPUs, or is the gibberish behavior consistent even with under-allocation?How much system memory do you have? From what I understand, AMD recommends your system memory be larger than VRAM for realible ROCm behavior.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
i have just 64GB RAM (and this seem to have been my suspicion in my prior comments where if the total VRAM need was around this number, it failed to load with "segmentation fault" error). search for "Therefore, I have a strong suspicion that ~64GB something happens." text to find my comment above on this topic.
Now (using version 0.3.14) i do not get a "segmentation fault" anymore, but all the models even 20-30GB result in complete garbage as soon as the model does not fit into 1 GPU.
I do not think that setting
OLLAMA_GPU_OVERHEADwill change anything, as loadingllama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_Mspreads nicely across GPUs (25-30% VRAM usage across 11, ~60% across 5 and ~73% across 4 GPUs) leaving plenty of free space.@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
OK. the hypothesis that the problem is strictly related to multi-GPU is not correct.
On my PC i have 11 AMD Radeon Pro VII cards (and 2 more Nvidia, which are disabled for LLM usage), but I use PCIe riser/splitters to connect them, as my mobo does not have so many PCIe slots.
I have now enabled only 1 card per splitter using
HIP_VISIBLE_DEVICES, and ollama loads without any problem on 3-4 GPUs as long as I only use one GPU per riser/splitter.In this setup I can only use 4 gpus as i have only 4 pcie slots directy on mobo, which limits total usable GPU VRAM to 64 (4x16), which coincidentally is also my RAM limit. So my prior issue which resulted in segmentation fault could also be related to this setup.
I do not yet understand why this is the case, but it works for
llama3.1:70b-instruct-q5_K_Mwithout any problem.Question: any idea why this might be the case? below is extract from
lspcoutput:@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Oct 22, 2024):
The change we made in 0.3.14 that resolved the problem for most everyone was to stop enabling a workaround in llama.cpp related to GGML_CUDA_NO_PEER_COPY - origin:
2f0e81e053This was introduced to workaround problems with multiple GPUs doing P2P copies between them.
I believe setting
NCCL_P2P_DISABLE=1on the server may accomplish the same thing at runtime. @vanife can you try that and see if it helps?@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 23, 2024):
Thank you for more ideas. But i do not see how setting this flag changing anything, i do not see it being recognized by the server at runtime. I tried both
NCCL_P2P_DISABLE=1andGGML_CUDA_NO_PEER_COPY=1inollama.serviceconfig, but the logging does not show any of those being used, and no change to my previous results.I am pretty sure it has something to do with my PCIe splitters, here is why:
hence i conclude that the issue is somehow related to the fact that i use pcie spliters (which are used for mining, which i do not do, but i do other calculations which work well in such setup). but it would be great to understand the actual reason for this.
again, i think this issue should be closed as the "segmentation fault" is not generated anymore since 0.3.14
@saman-amd commented on GitHub (Oct 23, 2024):
Hey @vanife
GGML_CUDA_NO_PEER_COPY=1 is a build flag which needs to be used at compile time, so will not make any changes at runtime. Ollama 0.3.13 had this flag set, the segmentation fault would have been caused if RAM < Model_Size < VRAM
so since you have 64GB RAM, I guess if you use 0.3.13 version and use a model < 64 GB you shouldn't experience the Seg Fault, maybe you could rule that scenario out if you would see the same garbage output with 0.3.13 and a model_size < 64 GB.
I was wondering if you've ever tried running this on your 2x Nvidia gpus that you have on your splitter ? does the same thing happen ?
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Oct 23, 2024):
@vanife agreed we can close this one now, I'm just hoping we can find the root cause and a viable solution for your setup as well, and doc for others if it turns out to be env flags that do the trick.
Ollama doesn't implement this P2P env var, but I believe one of the underlying libraries we use does. What I've been told is direct GPU <--> GPU copy works only under certain conditions. Like both GPUs
So our hope is that by setting this env var at runtime, you'll accomplish the ~same behavior as the build-time setting we no longer set, and disable P2P copy, which in your setup mat not be possible.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 24, 2024):
short answer: NO
I ran few more tests and can confirm the following: when i enable only 2 nvidia "GeForce RTX 4070 SUPER (12GB VRAM)" gpus (which are also on one PCIe with a splitter shared also with 2 more "Radeon Pro VII" gpus, ollama models load on both and work properly - no error and no garbage output. I have tested the following modes [name, ls size, ps size, split]:
So it appears to be limited to AMD cards. I am not sure why this is the case, and would love to find out why and how it can be solved. I would buy a more robust system (mobo+proc+ram) and would offload there some of my Pro7, but first i somehow would like to understand if these gpus are even making sense to use for local llms. happy to explore any other ideas.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 24, 2024):
iommu=ptas per previous suggestion, but no change (also tried completely disabled in bios - also no change)Environment="NCCL_P2P_DISABLE=1"in ollama server config, but no change@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 24, 2024):
i am wondering if it could be related to the fact that Pro7 is not actively supported, and some now required features could be the reason for the failure. extract from https://rocm.docs.amd.com/en/latest/compatibility/compatibility-matrix.html
@vanife commented on GitHub (Oct 24, 2024):
and just to validate this hypothesis further i added also a m.2 to GPU riser, which allowed me to connect one more GPU "directly" to mobo so that it is not sharing anything via splitter (or it is another splitter for just one GPU).
Outcome? => now i can run larger models on 5 (previously 4) GPUs, maximum 1 per PCIe/M.2. but as soon as i use even 2 cards on the same pcie splitter => i get rubbish as result.
Hence the "pcie spltiters" are the cause. i have different brands/types and i tried them all - same result.
Still would be nice to know the "real" reason, and not just situational.
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Oct 26, 2024):
@vanife Idk will it help you, but there are some limitations explained here
https://rocm.docs.amd.com/projects/radeon/en/docs-6.1.3/docs/install/native_linux/mgpu.html
And
@MikeLP commented on GitHub (Nov 8, 2024):
@dhiltgen Sorry to disturb, but I've encountered a new error specific to version 0.4.0 - 'llama runner process has terminated: exit status 127'.
I'm seeing this issue with all model sizes despite VRAM size, and the logs indicate that VRAM can't recover. Notably, version 0.3.14 works perfectly fine, so it doesn't seem to be a hardware issue. Should I open a new issue since it's related to ROCm, or is this already a known issue like this (https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/7542)?
@vanife commented on GitHub (Nov 9, 2024):
I can also confirm a new issue where 0.3.14 works (4x AMD GPU setup on linux), but fails on both 0.4.0 and 0.4.1 with "Error: llama runner process has terminated: error loading model: unable to allocate backend buffer".
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Nov 13, 2024):
@MikeLP @vanife please check your server logs to see what caused the runner to crash. If you don't see any other recent issues that have the same failure, please file a new issue.
@dhiltgen commented on GitHub (Feb 25, 2025):
Is this still a problem with the latest versions? I'm trying to determine if #7378 is still useful.
@vanife commented on GitHub (Feb 26, 2025):
I cannot say if #7378 is useful, but I do not experience crashes since some time now with and without it been set. Thank you.