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Originally created by @Master-Pr0grammer on GitHub (Mar 29, 2025).
Original GitHub issue: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/10041
What is the issue?
Description:
When running gemma 3 with image inputs on some systems, the model crashes with a EOF error due to improper memory management.
Setup:
I am running gemma3:12b with on a system with a gtx 1080ti and a gtx 1050ti. when loading the model, ollama splits the model on to the two different GPU's, (see the attached nvidia-smi file for vram usage). As you can see, I still have a significant amount of VRAM left on the 1080ti (~4.5Gb), but I only have ~500Mb on the 1050ti.
Possible Explanation:
I am not super familiar with the backend of ollama, but I am going to take a guess that it has to do with the GPU split, and not properly pre-allocating memory, as evident by this line in the error log:
Mar 29 11:58:38 watson ollama[1408032]: ggml_backend_cuda_buffer_type_alloc_buffer: allocating 1195.28 MiB on device 1: cudaMalloc failed: out of memoryIt is trying to allocate more memory after the model is already loaded, onto the device with less remaining memory (1050ti). again, I don't know anything about the backend, but I feel like the context length should be pre-allocated, and adding images would simply take up more of this pre-allocated context, and it shouldn't try to allocate more after the fact in order to prevent these kinds of crashes.
Reproducability:
Python script I used to produce error:
Error Output:
The image I used was just a screenshot of my screen at standard 1080p resolution.
I hope this helps, but I doubt you will be able to reproduce this error without a system that uses GPU split with one or two GPU's low on VRAM.
Relevant Files:
nvidia-smi.txt
Relevant log output
OS
Linux
GPU
Nvidia
CPU
Intel
Ollama version
0.6.3
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (Mar 29, 2025):
This is a similar bug related to https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/9699#issuecomment-2763272669, but I felt like my issue is more isolated and that I could provide more detailed info to help resolve the underlying issue
@rick-github commented on GitHub (Mar 29, 2025):
The context is pre-allocated, but there are temporary allocations during inference. ollama has estimated that it can use [10.5G, 3.7G] of [10.6G, 3.9G] so there's not a lot of room for these allocations. Mitigations can be found here.
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (Apr 1, 2025):
@rick-github Thanks for the feedback, but if you take a look at the nvidia-smi txt file I attached above, once the model is fully loaded, I still have 4.5 GB remaining on device 0 to allocate, which is more than enough.
The problem is that it is trying to make the allocations on device 1, which only has ~400Mib remaining.
"ollama has estimated that it can use [10.5G, 3.7G] of [10.6G, 3.9G] so there's not a lot of room for these allocations." - this is my point, it can use [10.5G, 3.7G], but its not, and its only using half, and its trying to allocate more.
@rick-github commented on GitHub (Apr 1, 2025):
#9791
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (Apr 1, 2025):
ah ok, so this is a known bug/problem then?
Ollama should not be crashing here. It's crashing when allocating 1.1Gb, despite having over 4.5Gb left.
Something is definitely wrong with vision memory allocation.
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (Apr 4, 2025):
@rick-github Yeah, definitely something wrong with gemma3 architecture on ollama, I recently tried the new QAT Q4 checkpoints for gemma 3 from google, and same error even on the 4b model, it's only using 4Gb (on one GPU) out of 16Gb.
"runtime error: invalid memory address or nil pointer dereference" - yup definitely improper memory management
Only runs into the issue with image input.
@jessegross commented on GitHub (Apr 19, 2025):
It looks like there are a couple of issues here:
As @rick-github has mentioned elsewhere, memory estimation is pretty fragile in today's world since there are a lot of factors that affect it and it's hard to account for all of them by manually updating the estimation logic, leaving to both over and under estimates. We're working on a new system that will compute this automatically, leading to much more accurate results.
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (Apr 24, 2025):
Awesome, I just tried the new 6.6 release, still having the same issues regarding this issue with images, however I noticed some new issues with text only inference.
With the recent updates I noticed SIGNIFIGANT performance increases in gemma models, speed, memory usage, and general model "intelligence" performance on standard benchmarks, which I'd like to give a HUGE thanks to the ollama team for. However there's just 1 or 2 memory allocation bugs remaining.
I have a stress testing script I use to determine the max context size I can run before offloading to cpu, I have some cases where the ollama cuda memory estimation fails and ollama crashes (and why it looked like it crashed from very briefly skimming over the logs):
This is not the same specific issue, but its related to cuda memory estimation which seems relevant to the original issue, and these cases might be useful for future improvements/debugging.
In the future when I have time, I can post the stress testing script, and the logs later if it would be useful.
@alllexx88 commented on GitHub (May 22, 2025):
I can confirm a similar issue when trying to process an image with 0.7.0, Nvidia GPU and llama3.2-vision model.
@rick-github commented on GitHub (May 22, 2025):
0.7.1 has a fix for a llama3.2-vision crash.
@alllexx88 commented on GitHub (May 22, 2025):
@rick-github Thank you, something has really changed. The error message is different now (with 0.7.1-rc0):
Also, this happens with 2 different nvidia GPU. If I pass
CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES=0, it works, though the model doesn't fully fit in VRAM, maybe that's the reason why it works.UPD: the logs when it crashes:
P.S. I thought this was the same as the current issue, so I posted here. If it's not, I'll be glad to open a new one, thanks
@rick-github commented on GitHub (May 22, 2025):
Your problem looks like a general OOM issue rather than the specific gemma3 problem from this issue. Ways to mitigate out of memory failures can be found here. Work is ongoing to improve the memory estimation logic to reduce the frequency of OOMs. If the mitigations don't help, feel free open a new ticket.
@jessegross commented on GitHub (May 22, 2025):
I think the original issues in this bug have been fixed. From https://github.com/ollama/ollama/issues/10041#issuecomment-2816399723:
d755577473fe623c2cf4There are still general issues with estimates being incorrect but I'm going to close this one out.
@Master-Pr0grammer commented on GitHub (May 26, 2025):
@jessegross ok, I just tried out 0.7.1, and I am still having the same issue, however now it crashes at text inference as well.
it might be a different issue since all of the recent fixes, but it definitely seems like something is going wrong here.
When I run default
gemma3:12b, stock settings, default context length (same system of 16Gb VRAM + 16Gb RAM):@jessegross commented on GitHub (Jun 16, 2025):
There is an early preview of Ollama's new memory management with the goal of comprehensively fixing these issues. It is still in development, however, if you want to compile from source and try it out, you can find it here: https://github.com/ollama/ollama/pull/11090
Please leave any feedback on that PR.