Fix cppcheck warnings

2020-06-24 14:55:18 +02:00
3261 changed files with 130549 additions and 125448 deletions
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ BraceWrapping:
  AfterFunction:   false # should also be MultiLine, but not yet supported
  AfterExternBlock: false
  BeforeElse:      false
  BeforeWhile:     false
  IndentBraces:    false
  SplitEmptyFunction: true
 AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@ AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: All
 Cpp11BracedListStyle: false
 ColumnLimit: 80
 AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
 AlignConsecutiveBitFields: true
 AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: false
 AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
 AlignTrailingComments: true
@@ -64,7 +62,6 @@ IncludeCategories:
    Priority:        1
  - Regex:           '.*'
    Priority:        0
 IndentExternBlock: NoIndent
 KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
 MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
 PenaltyBreakAssignment: 30
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@ BraceWrapping:
  AfterFunction:   false # should also be MultiLine, but not yet supported
  AfterExternBlock: false
  BeforeElse:      false
  BeforeWhile:     false
  IndentBraces:    false
  SplitEmptyFunction: true
 AllowShortIfStatementsOnASingleLine: false
@@ -20,7 +19,6 @@ AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: All
 Cpp11BracedListStyle: false
 ColumnLimit: 80
 AlignAfterOpenBracket: Align
 AlignConsecutiveBitFields: true
 AlignConsecutiveDeclarations: true
 AlignConsecutiveMacros: true
 AlignTrailingComments: true
@@ -52,7 +50,6 @@ IncludeCategories:
    Priority:        1
  - Regex:           '".*"'
    Priority:        9
 IndentExternBlock: NoIndent
 KeepEmptyLinesAtTheStartOfBlocks: false
 MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
 PenaltyBreakAssignment: 30
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@
 		(concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "./"))
 	       ;; libisc
 	       (expand-file-name
 		(concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "lib/isc/unix/include"))
 	       (expand-file-name
 		(concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "lib/isc/pthreads/include"))
 	       (expand-file-name
 		(concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "lib/isc/include"))
 	       (expand-file-name
@@ -102,9 +106,6 @@
 	 (list
 	  "--enable=all"
 	  "--suppress=missingIncludeSystem"
 	  "--suppress=nullPointerRedundantCheck"
 	  (concat "--suppressions-list=" (expand-file-name
 			       (concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "util/suppressions.txt")))
 	  (concat "-include=" (expand-file-name
 			       (concat directory-of-current-dir-locals-file "config.h")))
 	  )
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
 *.sln.in eol=crlf
 *.vcxproj.* eol=crlf
 /fuzz/dns_rdata_fromwire_text.in/input-* -text
 .gitignore			 export-ignore
 /conftools			 export-ignore
 /doc/design			 export-ignore
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
 name: 'Lock down mirror repository'
 on:
  issues:
    types: opened
  pull_request:
    types: opened
 jobs:
  lockdown:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: dessant/repo-lockdown@v2
        with:
          github-token: ${{ github.token }}
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ __pycache__/
 /depcomp
 /install-sh
 /isc-config.sh
 /libltdl/*
 /libtool
 /ltmain.sh
 /m4/libtool.m4
@@ -56,45 +57,13 @@ Makefile
 Makefile.in
 ans.run
 gen.dSYM/
 kyua.log
 named.memstats
 named.run
 timestamp
 /compile_commands.json
 # Gets generated by Build Ear (bear)
 /compile_commands.commands.json
 /cppcheck_html/
 /cppcheck.results
 /tsan
 /util/check-make-install
 /INSTALL
 doc/man/dnssec-cds.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-checkds.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-coverage.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-dsfromkey.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-importkey.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-keyfromlabel.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-keygen.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-keymgr.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-revoke.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-settime.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-signzone.8in
 doc/man/dnssec-verify.8in
 doc/man/named-checkconf.8in
 doc/man/named-checkzone.8in
 doc/man/named-journalprint.8in
 doc/man/named-nzd2nzf.8in
 doc/man/nsec3hash.8in
 doc/man/pkcs11-destroy.8in
 doc/man/pkcs11-keygen.8in
 doc/man/pkcs11-list.8in
 doc/man/pkcs11-tokens.8in
 # clangd index directory
 /\.cache/
 # GNU Global index files
 /GPATH
 /GRTAGS
 /GTAGS
 # Emacs specific files
 \.dir-locals-2.el
 /emacs.desktop
 /emacs.desktop-lock
@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
 <!--
 THIS ISSUE TEMPLATE IS INTENDED ONLY FOR INTERNAL USE.
 If the bug you are reporting is potentially security-related - for example,
 if it involves an assertion failure or other crash in `named` that can be
 triggered repeatedly - then please do *NOT* report it here, but send an
 email to [security-officer@isc.org](security-officer@isc.org).
 -->
 ### CVE-specific actions
  - [ ] Assign a CVE identifier
  - [ ] Determine CVSS score
  - [ ] Determine the range of BIND versions affected (including the Subscription Edition)
  - [ ] Determine whether workarounds for the problem exists
  - [ ] Create a draft of the security advisory and put the information above in there
  - [ ] Prepare a detailed description of the problem which should include the following by default:
      - instructions for reproducing the problem (a system test is good enough)
      - explanation of code flow which triggers the problem (a system test is *not* good enough)
  - [ ] Prepare a private merge request containing the following items in separate commits:
      - a test for the issue (may be moved to a separate merge request for deferred merging)
      - a fix for the issue
      - documentation updates (`CHANGES`, release notes, anything else applicable)
  - [ ] Ensure the merge request from the previous step is reviewed by SWENG staff and has no outstanding discussions
  - [ ] Ensure the documentation changes introduced by the merge request addressing the problem are reviewed by Support and Marketing staff
  - [ ] Prepare backports of the merge request addressing the problem for all affected (and still maintained) BIND branches (backporting might affect the issue's scope and/or description)
  - [ ] Prepare a standalone patch for the last stable release of each affected (and still maintained) BIND branch
 ### Release-specific actions
  - [ ] Create/update the private issue containing links to fixes & reproducers for all CVEs fixed in a given release cycle
  - [ ] Reserve a block of `CHANGES` placeholders once the complete set of vulnerabilities fixed in a given release cycle is determined
  - [ ] Ensure the merge requests containing CVE fixes are merged into `security-*` branches in CVE identifier order
 ### Post-disclosure actions
  - [ ] Merge a regression test reproducing the bug into all affected (and still maintained) BIND branches
@@ -6,26 +6,6 @@
 **Public Release:**
 ## Documentation Review Links
 **Closed issues assigned to the milestone without a release note:**
 - []()
 - []()
 - []()
 **Merge requests merged into the milestone without a release note:**
 - []()
 - []()
 - []()
 **Merge requests merged into the milestone without a `CHANGES` entry:**
 - []()
 - []()
 - []()
 ## Release Checklist
 ### Before the Code Freeze
@@ -36,28 +16,29 @@
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Check whether all issues assigned to the release milestone are resolved[^1].
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Ensure that there are no outstanding merge requests in the private repository[^1] (Subscription Edition only).
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Ensure all merge requests marked for backporting have been indeed backported.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Announce (on Mattermost) that the code freeze is in effect.
 ### Before the Tagging Deadline
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Look for outstanding documentation issues (e.g. `CHANGES` mistakes) and address them if any are found.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Ensure release notes are correct, ask Support and Marketing to check them as well.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update API files for libraries with new version information.
+ - [ ] ***(Support)*** Check release notes, ask QA to correct any mistakes found.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Change software version and library versions in `configure.ac` (new major release only).
+ - [ ] ***(Marketing)*** Check release notes, ask QA to correct any mistakes found.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Rebuild `configure` using Autoconf on `docs.isc.org`.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Update API files for libraries with new version information.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update `CHANGES`.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Change software version and library versions in `configure.ac` (new major release only).
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update `CHANGES.SE` (Subscription Edition only).
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Rebuild `configure` using Autoconf on `docs.isc.org`.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update `README.md`.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Update `CHANGES`.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update `version`.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Update `CHANGES.SE` (Subscription Edition only).
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Build documentation on `docs.isc.org`.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Update `README.md`.
 - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Update `version`.
 - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Build documentation on `docs.isc.org`.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Check that all the above steps were performed correctly.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Check that the formatting is correct for text, PDF, and HTML versions of release notes.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Check that the formatting of the generated man pages is correct.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Tag the releases[^2].  (Tags may only be pushed to the public repository for releases which are *not* security releases.)
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Tag the releases in the private repository (`git tag -s -m "BIND 9.x.y" v9_x_y`).
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** If this is the first tag for a release (e.g. beta), create a release branch named `release_v9_X_Y` to allow development to continue on the maintenance branch whilst release engineering continues.
 ### Before the ASN Deadline (for ASN Releases) or the Public Release Date (for Regular Releases)
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Verify GitLab CI results for the tags created and prepare a QA report for the releases to be published.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Announce (on Mattermost) that the code freeze is over.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Request signatures for the tarballs, providing their location and checksums.
 - [ ] ***(Signers)*** Validate tarball checksums, sign tarballs, and upload signatures.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Verify tarball signatures and check tarball checksums again.
@@ -73,25 +54,21 @@
 - [ ] ***(Support)*** Publish links to downloads on ISC website.
 - [ ] ***(Support)*** Write release email to *bind-announce*.
 - [ ] ***(Support)*** Write email to *bind-users* (if a major release).
 - [ ] ***(Support)*** Send eligible customers updated links to the Subscription Edition (update the -S edition delivery tickets, even if those links were provided earlier via an ASN ticket).
 - [ ] ***(Support)*** Update tickets in case of waiting support customers.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Build and test any outstanding private packages.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Build public RPMs.
+ - [ ] ***(QA)*** Build public packages (`*.deb`, RPMs).
 - [ ] ***(SwEng) *** Build Debian/Ubuntu packages.
 - [ ] ***(SwEng) *** Update Docker images.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Inform Marketing of the release.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update the internal [BIND release dates wiki page](https://wiki.isc.org/bin/view/Main/BindReleaseDates) when public announcement has been made.
 - [ ] ***(Marketing)*** Post short note to Twitter.
 - [ ] ***(Marketing)*** Update [Wikipedia entry for BIND](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BIND).
 - [ ] ***(Marketing)*** Write blog article (if a major release).
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Ensure all new tags are annotated and signed.
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Push tags for the published releases to the public repository.
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Merge the automatically prepared `prep 9.X.Y` commit which updates `version` and documentation on the release branch into the relevant maintenance branch (`v9_X`).
- - [ ] ***(QA)*** Merge the automatically prepared `prep 9.x.y` commit which updates `version` and documentation on the release branch into the relevant maintenance branch (`v9_x`).
+ - [ ] ***(SwEng)*** Push tags for the published releases to the public repository.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** For each maintained branch, update the `BIND_BASELINE_VERSION` variable for the `abi-check` job in `.gitlab-ci.yml` to the latest published BIND version tag for a given branch.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Prepare empty release notes for the next set of releases.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Sanitize confidential issues which are assigned to the current release milestone and do not describe a security vulnerability, then make them public.
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Sanitize confidential issues which are assigned to older release milestones and describe security vulnerabilities, then make them public if appropriate[^2].
 - [ ] ***(QA)*** Update QA tools used in GitLab CI (e.g. Flake8, PyLint) by modifying the relevant `Dockerfile`.
 [^1]: If not, use the time remaining until the tagging deadline to ensure all outstanding issues are either resolved or moved to a different milestone.
-[^2]: As a rule of thumb, security vulnerabilities which have reproducers merged to the public repository are considered okay for full disclosure.
+
 [^2]: Preferred command line: `git tag -u <DEVELOPER_KEYID> -a -s -m "BIND 9.X.Y[alphatag]" v9_X_Y[alphatag]`, where `[alphatag]` is an optional string such as `b1`, `rc1`, etc.
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ extraction:
      - "libidn2-dev"
      - "libmaxminddb-dev"
      - "libuv1-dev"
      - "libnghttp2-dev"
    configure:
      command:
      - "autoreconf -fi"
@@ -30,6 +29,7 @@ path_classifiers:
    - "**/*.5"
    - "**/*.8"
 queries:
  - exclude: libltdl/
  - exclude: fuzz/
  - exclude: "bin/tests/system/*/ans*/*.py"
  - exclude: cpp/use-of-goto
@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
 [MASTER]
 disable=
    C0103, # invalid-name
    C0114, # missing-module-docstring
    C0115, # missing-class-docstring
    C0116, # missing-function-docstring
    C0209, # consider-using-f-string
    C0415, # import-outside-toplevel
    R0801, # duplicate-code
    C0103, # invalid-name
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ people.
 Diversity is one of our huge strengths, but it can also lead to communication
 issues and unhappiness. To that end, we have a few ground rules that we ask
-people to adhere to. This code applies equally to the core development team,
+people to adhere to. This code applies equally to the core development team, open source contributors and those
-open source contributors and those seeking help and guidance.
+seeking help and guidance.
 This isn't an exhaustive list of things that you can't do. Rather, take it in
 the spirit in which it's intended - a guide to make it easier to enrich all of
@@ -39,28 +39,29 @@ anyone can see the source, but only ISC employees have commit access.
 In the past, the source could only be seen once ISC had published
 a release; read access to the source repository was restricted just
 as commit access was.  That has changed, as ISC now provides a
-public git repository of the BIND source tree (see below).
+public git mirror to the BIND source tree (see below).
 At ISC, we're committed to
 building communities that are welcoming and inclusive: environments where people
 are encouraged to share ideas, treat each other with respect, and collaborate
 towards the best solutions. To reinforce our commitment, ISC
 has adopted a slightly modified version of the Django
-[Code of Conduct](https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/bind9/-/blob/main/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md)
+[Code of Conduct](https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/bind9/-/blob/master/CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md) for the BIND 9 project, as well as for the conduct of our
-for the BIND 9 project, as well as for the conduct of our developers throughout
+developers throughout the industry.
 the industry.
 ### <a name="access"></a>Access to source code
 Public BIND releases are always available from the
 [ISC FTP site](ftp://ftp.isc.org/isc/bind9).
-A public-access git repository is also available at
+A public-access GIT repository is also available at
-[https://gitlab.isc.org](https://gitlab.isc.org).  This repository
+[https://gitlab.isc.org](https://gitlab.isc.org).
-contains all public release branches. Upcoming releases can be viewed in
+This repository is a mirror, updated several times per day, of the
-their current state at any time.  Short-lived development branches
+source repository maintained by ISC.  It contains all the public release
-contain unreviewed work in progress.  Commits which address security
+branches; upcoming releases can be viewed in their current state at any
-vulnerablilities are withheld until after public disclosure.
+time.  It does *not* contain development branches or unreviewed work in
 progress.  Commits which address security vulnerablilities are withheld
 until after public disclosure.
 You can browse the source online via
 [https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/bind9](https://gitlab.isc.org/isc-projects/bind9)
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ Whenever a branch is ready for publication, a tag is placed of the
 form `v9_X_Y`.  The 9.12.0 release, for instance, is tagged as `v9_12_0`.
 The branch in which the next major release is being developed is called
-`main`.
+`master`.
 ### <a name="bugs"></a>Reporting bugs
@@ -99,7 +100,6 @@ use credentials from an existing account at GitHub, GitLab, Google,
 Twitter, or Facebook.
 ### Reporting possible security issues
 If you think you may be seeing a potential security vulnerability in BIND
 (for example, a crash with REQUIRE, INSIST, or ASSERT failure), please
 report it immediately by emailing to security-officer@isc.org. Plain-text
@@ -111,8 +111,7 @@ Do not discuss undisclosed security vulnerabilities on any public mailing list.
 ISC has a long history of handling reported vulnerabilities promptly and
 effectively and we respect and acknowledge responsible reporters.
-ISC's Security Vulnerability Disclosure Policy is documented at
+ISC's Security Vulnerability Disclosure Policy is documented at [https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00861](https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00861).
 [https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00861](https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00861).
 If you have a crash, you may want to consult
 ["What to do if your BIND or DHCP server has crashed."](https://kb.isc.org/docs/aa-00340)
@@ -121,8 +120,7 @@ If you have a crash, you may want to consult
 BIND is licensed under the
 [Mozilla Public License 2.0](https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/MPL/2.0/).
-Earlier versions (BIND 9.10 and earlier) were licensed under the
+Earlier versions (BIND 9.10 and earlier) were licensed under the [ISC License](https://www.isc.org/licenses/)
 [ISC License](https://www.isc.org/licenses/)
 ISC does not require an explicit copyright assignment for patch
 contributions.  However, by submitting a patch to ISC, you implicitly
@@ -138,7 +136,7 @@ Patches for BIND may be submitted directly via merge requests in
 repository for BIND.
 Patches can also be submitted as diffs against a specific version of
-BIND -- preferably the current top of the `main` branch.  Diffs may
+BIND -- preferably the current top of the `master` branch.  Diffs may
 be generated using either `git format-patch` or `git diff`.
 Those wanting to write code for BIND may be interested in the
@@ -186,8 +184,7 @@ of documentation in the BIND source tree:
  they document, in files ending in `.rst`: for example, the
  `named` man page is `bin/named/named.rst`.
 * The *BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual* is in the .rst files in
-  `doc/arm/`; the PDF and HTML versions are automatically generated from
+  `doc/arm/`; the PDF and HTML versions are automatically generated from the `.rst` files.
  the `.rst` files.
 * API documentation is in the header file describing the API, in
  Doxygen-formatted comments.
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-Copyright (C) 1996-2021  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
+Copyright (C) 1996-2020  Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
 This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -367,25 +367,3 @@ distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 limitations under the License.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 Copyright Joyent, Inc. and other Node contributors. All rights reserved.
 Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
 deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
 rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
 sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
 FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
 IN THE SOFTWARE.
@@ -0,0 +1,632 @@
 <!--
 - Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
 -
 - This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 - License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 - file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 -
 - See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 - information regarding copyright ownership.
 -->
 ### Functional enhancements from prior major releases of BIND 9
 #### BIND 9.16
 BIND 9.16 (a stable branch based on the 9.15 development branch)
 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.14 and earlier releases.
 New features include:
 * New `dnssec-policy` statement to configure a key and signing policy
  for zones, enabling automatic key regeneration and rollover.
 * New network manager based on `libuv`.
 * Added support for the new GeoIP2 geolocation API, `libmaxminddb`.
 * Improved DNSSEC trust anchor configuration using the `trust-anchors`
  statement, permitting configuration of trust anchors in DS as well as
  DNSKEY format.
 * YAML output for `dig`, `mdig`, and `delv`.
 #### BIND 9.14
 BIND 9.14 (a stable branch based on the 9.13 development branch)
 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.12 and earlier releases.
 New features include:
 * A new "plugin" mechanism has been added to allow query functionality
  to be extended using dynamically loadable libraries. The "filter-aaaa"
  feature has been removed from named and is now implemented as a plugin.
 * Socket and task code has been refactored to improve performance.
 * QNAME minimization, as described in RFC 7816, is now supported.
 * "Root key sentinel" support, enabling validating resolvers to indicate
  via a special query which trust anchors are configured for the root zone.
 * Secondary zones can now be configured as "mirror" zones; their contents
  are transferred in as with traditional slave zones, but are subject to
  DNSSEC validation and are not treated as authoritative data when
  answering. This makes it easier to configure a local copy of the root
  zone as described in RFC 7706.
 * The "validate-except" option allows configuration of domains below which
  DNSSEC validation should not be performed.
 * The default value of "dnssec-validation" is now "auto".
 * IDNA2008 is now supported when linking with `libidn2`.
 * "named -V" now outputs the default paths for files used by named
  and other tools.
 In addition, workarounds that were formerly in place to enable resolution
 of domains whose authoritative servers did not respond to EDNS queries
 have been removed. See [https://dnsflagday.net](https://dnsflagday.net)
 for more details.
 Cryptographic support has been modernized. BIND now uses the
 best available pseudo-random number generator for the platform on which
 it's built. Very old versions of OpenSSL are no longer supported.
 Cryptography is now mandatory: building BIND without DNSSEC is no
 longer supported.
 Special code to support certain legacy operating systems has also
 been removed; see the file [PLATFORMS.md](PLATFORMS.md) for details
 of supported platforms. In addition to OpenSSL, BIND now requires
 support for IPv6, threads, and standard atomic operations provided
 by the C compiler.
 #### BIND 9.12
 BIND 9.12 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.11 and earlier releases.
 New features include:
 * `named` and related libraries have been substantially refactored for
  improved query performance -- particularly on delegation heavy zones --
  and for improved readability, maintainability, and testability.
 * Code implementing the name server query processing logic has been moved
  into a new `libns` library, for easier testing and use in tools other
  than `named`.
 * Cached, validated NSEC and other records can now be used to synthesize
  NXDOMAIN responses.
 * The DNS Response Policy Service API (DNSRPS) is now supported.
 * Setting `'max-journal-size default'` now limits the size of journal files
  to twice the size of the zone.
 * `dnstap-read -x` prints a hex dump of the wire format of each logged
  DNS message.
 * `dnstap` output files can now be configured to roll automatically when
  reaching a given size.
 * Log file timestamps can now also be formatted in ISO 8601 (local) or ISO
  8601 (UTC) formats.
 * Logging channels and `dnstap` output files can now be configured to use a
  timestamp as the suffix when rolling to a new file.
 * `'named-checkconf -l'` lists zones found in `named.conf`.
 * Added support for the EDNS Padding and Keepalive options.
 * 'new-zones-directory' option sets the location where the configuration
  data for zones added by rndc addzone is stored.
 * The default key algorithm in `rndc-confgen` is now hmac-sha256.
 * `filter-aaaa-on-v4` and `filter-aaaa-on-v6` options are now available
  by default without a configure option.
 * The obsolete `isc-hmac-fixup` command has been removed.
 #### BIND 9.11
 BIND 9.11.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.10 and earlier
 releases.  New features include:
 - Added support for Catalog Zones, a new method for provisioning servers: a
  list of zones to be served is stored in a DNS zone, along with their
  configuration parameters. Changes to the catalog zone are propagated to
  slaves via normal AXFR/IXFR, whereupon the zones that are listed in it
  are automatically added, deleted or reconfigured.
 - Added support for "dnstap", a fast and flexible method of capturing and
  logging DNS traffic.
 - Added support for "dyndb", a new API for loading zone data from an
  external database, developed by Red Hat for the FreeIPA project.
 - "fetchlimit" quotas are now compiled in by default.  These are for the
  use of recursive resolvers that are are under high query load for domains
  whose authoritative servers are nonresponsive or are experiencing a
  denial of service attack:
    - "fetches-per-server" limits the number of simultaneous queries that
      can be sent to any single authoritative server.  The configured value
      is a starting point; it is automatically adjusted downward if the
      server is partially or completely non-responsive. The algorithm used
      to adjust the quota can be configured via the "fetch-quota-params"
      option.
    - "fetches-per-zone" limits the number of simultaneous queries that can
      be sent for names within a single domain.  (Note: Unlike
      "fetches-per-server", this value is not self-tuning.)
    - New stats counters have been added to count queries spilled due to
      these quotas.
 - Added a new "dnssec-keymgr" key mainenance utility, which can generate or
  update keys as needed to ensure that a zone's keys match a defined DNSSEC
  policy.
 - The experimental "SIT" feature in BIND 9.10 has been renamed "COOKIE" and
  is no longer optional. EDNS COOKIE is a mechanism enabling clients to
  detect off-path spoofed responses, and servers to detect spoofed-source
  queries.  Clients that identify themselves using COOKIE options are not
  subject to response rate limiting (RRL) and can receive larger UDP
  responses.
 - SERVFAIL responses can now be cached for a limited time (defaulting to 1
  second, with an upper limit of 30).  This can reduce the frequency of
  retries when a query is persistently failing.
 - Added an "nsip-wait-recurse" switch to RPZ. This causes NSIP rules to be
  skipped if a name server IP address isn't in the cache yet; the address
  will be looked up and the rule will be applied on future queries.
 - Added a Python RNDC module. This allows multiple commands to sent over a
  persistent RNDC channel, which saves time.
 - The "controls" block in named.conf can now grant read-only "rndc" access
  to specified clients or keys. Read-only clients could, for example, check
  "rndc status" but could not reconfigure or shut down the server.
 - "rndc" commands can now return arbitrarily large amounts of text to the
  caller.
 - The zone serial number of a dynamically updatable zone can now be set via
  "rndc signing -serial <number> <zonename>".  This allows inline-signing
  zones to be set to a specific serial number.
 - The new "rndc nta" command can be used to set a Negative Trust Anchor
  (NTA), disabling DNSSEC validation for a specific domain; this can be
  used when responses from a domain are known to be failing validation due
  to administrative error rather than because of a spoofing attack.
  Negative trust anchors are strictly temporary; by default they expire
  after one hour, but can be configured to last up to one week.
 - "rndc delzone" can now be used on zones that were not originally created
  by "rndc addzone".
 - "rndc modzone" reconfigures a single zone, without requiring the entire
  server to be reconfigured.
 - "rndc showzone" displays the current configuration of a zone.
 - "rndc managed-keys" can be used to check the status of RFC 5011 managed
  trust anchors, or to force trust anchors to be refreshed.
 - "max-cache-size" can now be set to a percentage of available memory. The
  default is 90%.
 - Update forwarding performance has been improved by allowing a single TCP
  connection to be shared by multiple updates.
 - The EDNS Client Subnet (ECS) option is now supported for authoritative
  servers; if a query contains an ECS option then ACLs containing "geoip"
  or "ecs" elements can match against the the address encoded in the
  option.  This can be used to select a view for a query, so that different
  answers can be provided depending on the client network.
 - The EDNS EXPIRE option has been implemented on the client side, allowing
  a slave server to set the expiration timer correctly when transferring
  zone data from another slave server.
 - The key generation and manipulation tools (dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime,
  dnssec-importkey, dnssec-keyfromlabel) now take "-Psync" and "-Dsync"
  options to set the publication and deletion times of CDS and CDNSKEY
  parent-synchronization records.  Both named and dnssec-signzone can now
  publish and remove these records at the scheduled times.
 - A new "minimal-any" option reduces the size of UDP responses for query
  type ANY by returning a single arbitrarily selected RRset instead of all
  RRsets.
 - A new "masterfile-style" zone option controls the formatting of text zone
  files:  When set to "full", a zone file is dumped in
  single-line-per-record format.
 - "serial-update-method" can now be set to "date". On update, the serial
  number will be set to the current date in YYYYMMDDNN format.
 - "dnssec-signzone -N date" sets the serial number to YYYYMMDDNN.
 - "named -L <filename>" causes named to send log messages to the specified
  file by default instead of to the system log.
 - "dig +ttlunits" prints TTL values with time-unit suffixes: w, d, h, m, s
  for weeks, days, hours, minutes, and seconds.
 - "dig +unknownformat" prints dig output in RFC 3597 "unknown record"
  presentation format.
 - "dig +ednsopt" allows dig to set arbitrary EDNS options on requests.
 - "dig +ednsflags" allows dig to set yet-to-be-defined EDNS flags on
  requests.
 - "mdig" is an alternate version of dig which sends multiple pipelined TCP
  queries to a server.  Instead of waiting for a response after sending a
  query, it sends all queries immediately and displays responses in the
  order received.
 - "serial-query-rate" no longer controls NOTIFY messages.  These are
  separately controlled by "notify-rate" and "startup-notify-rate".
 - "nsupdate" now performs "check-names" processing by default on records to
  be added.  This can be disabled with "check-names no".
 - The statistics channel now supports DEFLATE compression, reducing the
  size of the data sent over the network when querying statistics.
 - New counters have been added to the statistics channel to track the sizes
  of incoming queries and outgoing responses in histogram buckets, as
  specified in RSSAC002.
 - A new NXDOMAIN redirect method (option "nxdomain-redirect") has been
  added, allowing redirection to a specified DNS namespace instead of a
  single redirect zone.
 - When starting up, named now ensures that no other named process is
  already running.
 - Files created by named to store information, including "mkeys" and "nzf"
  files, are now named after their corresponding views unless the view name
  contains characters incompatible with use as a filename. Old style
  filenames (based on the hash of the view name) will still work.
 #### BIND 9.10.0
 BIND 9.10.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.9 and earlier
 releases.  New features include:
 - DNS Response-rate limiting (DNS RRL), which blunts the
   impact of reflection and amplification attacks, is always
   compiled in and no longer requires a compile-time option
   to enable it.
 - An experimental "Source Identity Token" (SIT) EDNS option
   is now available.  Similar to DNS Cookies as invented by
   Donald Eastlake 3rd, these are designed to enable clients
   to detect off-path spoofed responses, and to enable servers
   to detect spoofed-source queries.  Servers can be configured
   to send smaller responses to clients that have not identified
   themselves using a SIT option, reducing the effectiveness of
   amplification attacks.  RRL processing has also been updated;
   clients proven to be legitimate via SIT are not subject to
   rate limiting.  Use "configure --enable-sit" to enable this
   feature in BIND.
 - A new zone file format, "map", stores zone data in a
   format that can be mapped directly into memory, allowing
   significantly faster zone loading.
 - "delv" (domain entity lookup and validation) is a new tool
   with dig-like semantics for looking up DNS data and performing
   internal DNSSEC validation.  This allows easy validation in
   environments where the resolver may not be trustworthy, and
   assists with troubleshooting of DNSSEC problems. (NOTE:
   In previous development releases of BIND 9.10, this utility
   was called "delve". The spelling has been changed to avoid
   confusion with the "delve" utility included with the Xapian
   search engine.)
 - Improved EDNS(0) processing for better resolver performance
   and reliability over slow or lossy connections.
 - A new "configure --with-tuning=large" option tunes certain
   compiled-in constants and default settings to values better
   suited to large servers with abundant memory.  This can
   improve performance on such servers, but will consume more
   memory and may degrade performance on smaller systems.
 - Substantial improvement in response-policy zone (RPZ)
   performance.  Up to 32 response-policy zones can be
   configured with minimal performance loss.
 - To improve recursive resolver performance, cache records
   which are still being requested by clients can now be
   automatically refreshed from the authoritative server
   before they expire, reducing or eliminating the time
   window in which no answer is available in the cache.
 - New "rpz-client-ip" triggers and drop policies allowing
   response policies based on the IP address of the client.
 - ACLs can now be specified based on geographic location
   using the MaxMind GeoIP databases.  Use "configure
   --with-geoip" to enable.
 - Zone data can now be shared between views, allowing
   multiple views to serve the same zones authoritatively
   without storing multiple copies in memory.
 - New XML schema (version 3) for the statistics channel
   includes many new statistics and uses a flattened XML tree
   for faster parsing. The older schema is now deprecated.
 - A new stylesheet, based on the Google Charts API, displays
   XML statistics in charts and graphs on javascript-enabled
   browsers.
 - The statistics channel can now provide data in JSON
   format as well as XML.
 - New stats counters track TCP and UDP queries received
   per zone, and EDNS options received in total.
 - The internal and export versions of the BIND libraries
   (libisc, libdns, etc) have been unified so that external
   library clients can use the same libraries as BIND itself.
 - A new compile-time option, "configure --enable-native-pkcs11",
   allows BIND 9 cryptography functions to use the PKCS#11 API
   natively, so that BIND can drive a cryptographic hardware
   service module (HSM) directly instead of using a modified
   OpenSSL as an intermediary. (Note: This feature requires an
   HSM to have a full implementation of the PKCS#11 API; many
   current HSMs only have partial implementations. The new
   "pkcs11-tokens" command can be used to check API completeness.
   Native PKCS#11 is known to work with the Thales nShield HSM
   and with SoftHSM version 2 from the Open DNSSEC project.)
 - The new "max-zone-ttl" option enforces maximum TTLs for
   zones. This can simplify the process of rolling DNSSEC keys
   by guaranteeing that cached signatures will have expired
   within the specified amount of time.
 - "dig +subnet" sends an EDNS CLIENT-SUBNET option when
   querying.
 - "dig +expire" sends an EDNS EXPIRE option when querying.
   When this option is sent with an SOA query to a server
   that supports it, it will report the expiry time of
   a slave zone.
 - New "dnssec-coverage" tool to check DNSSEC key coverage
   for a zone and report if a lapse in signing coverage has
   been inadvertently scheduled.
 - Signing algorithm flexibility and other improvements
   for the "rndc" control channel.
 - "named-checkzone" and "named-compilezone" can now read
   journal files, allowing them to process dynamic zones.
 - Multiple DLZ databases can now be configured.  Individual
   zones can be configured to be served from a specific DLZ
   database.  DLZ databases now serve zones of type "master"
   and "redirect".
 - "rndc zonestatus" reports information about a specified zone.
 - "named" now listens on IPv6 as well as IPv4 interfaces
   by default.
 - "named" now preserves the capitalization of names
   when responding to queries: for instance, a query for
   "example.com" may be answered with "example.COM" if the
   name was configured that way in the zone file.  Some
   clients have a bug causing them to depend on the older
   behavior, in which the case of the answer always matched
   the case of the query, rather than the case of the name
   configured in the DNS.  Such clients can now be specified
   in the new "no-case-compress" ACL; this will restore the
   older behavior of "named" for those clients only.
 - new "dnssec-importkey" command allows the use of offline
   DNSSEC keys with automatic DNSKEY management.
 - New "named-rrchecker" tool to verify the syntactic
   correctness of individual resource records.
 - When re-signing a zone, the new "dnssec-signzone -Q" option
   drops signatures from keys that are still published but are
   no longer active.
 - "named-checkconf -px" will print the contents of configuration
   files with the shared secrets obscured, making it easier to
   share configuration (e.g. when submitting a bug report)
   without revealing private information.
 - "rndc scan" causes named to re-scan network interfaces for
   changes in local addresses.
 - On operating systems with support for routing sockets,
   network interfaces are re-scanned automatically whenever
   they change.
 - "tsig-keygen" is now available as an alternate command
   name to use for "ddns-confgen".
 #### BIND 9.9.0
 BIND 9.9.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.8 and earlier
 releases.  New features include:
 - Inline signing, allowing automatic DNSSEC signing of
  master zones without modification of the zonefile, or
  "bump in the wire" signing in slaves.
 - NXDOMAIN redirection.
 - New 'rndc flushtree' command clears all data under a given
  name from the DNS cache.
 - New 'rndc sync' command dumps pending changes in a dynamic
  zone to disk without a freeze/thaw cycle.
 - New 'rndc signing' command displays or clears signing status
  records in 'auto-dnssec' zones.
 - NSEC3 parameters for 'auto-dnssec' zones can now be set prior
  to signing, eliminating the need to initially sign with NSEC.
 - Startup time improvements on large authoritative servers.
 - Slave zones are now saved in raw format by default.
 - Several improvements to response policy zones (RPZ).
 - Improved hardware scalability by using multiple threads
  to listen for queries and using finer-grained client locking
 - The 'also-notify' option now takes the same syntax as
  'masters', so it can used named masterlists and TSIG keys.
 - 'dnssec-signzone -D' writes an output file containing only DNSSEC
  data, which can be included by the primary zone file.
 - 'dnssec-signzone -R' forces removal of signatures that are
  not expired but were created by a key which no longer exists.
 - 'dnssec-signzone -X' allows a separate expiration date to
  be specified for DNSKEY signatures from other signatures.
 - New '-L' option to dnssec-keygen, dnssec-settime, and
  dnssec-keyfromlabel sets the default TTL for the key.
 - dnssec-dsfromkey now supports reading from standard input,
  to make it easier to convert DNSKEY to DS.
 - RFC 1918 reverse zones have been added to the empty-zones
  table per RFC 6303.
 - Dynamic updates can now optionally set the zone's SOA serial
  number to the current UNIX time.
 - DLZ modules can now retrieve the source IP address of
  the querying client.
 - 'request-ixfr' option can now be set at the per-zone level.
 - 'dig +rrcomments' turns on comments about DNSKEY records,
  indicating their key ID, algorithm and function
 - Simplified nsupdate syntax and added readline support
 #### BIND 9.8.0
 BIND 9.8.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.7 and earlier
 releases.  New features include:
 - Built-in trust anchor for the root zone, which can be
  switched on via "dnssec-validation auto;"
 - Support for DNS64.
 - Support for response policy zones (RPZ).
 - Support for writable DLZ zones.
 - Improved ease of configuration of GSS/TSIG for
  interoperability with Active Directory
 - Support for GOST signing algorithm for DNSSEC.
 - Removed RTT Banding from server selection algorithm.
 - New "static-stub" zone type.
 - Allow configuration of resolver timeouts via
  "resolver-query-timeout" option.
 - The DLZ "dlopen" driver is now built by default.
 - Added a new include file with function typedefs
  for the DLZ "dlopen" driver.
 - Made "--with-gssapi" default.
 - More verbose error reporting from DLZ LDAP.
 #### BIND 9.7.0
 BIND 9.7.0 includes a number of changes from BIND 9.6 and earlier
 releases.  Most are intended to simplify DNSSEC configuration.
 New features include:
 - Fully automatic signing of zones by "named".
 - Simplified configuration of DNSSEC Lookaside Validation (DLV).
 - Simplified configuration of Dynamic DNS, using the "ddns-confgen"
  command line tool or the "local" update-policy option.  (As a side
  effect, this also makes it easier to configure automatic zone
  re-signing.)
 - New named option "attach-cache" that allows multiple views to
  share a single cache.
 - DNS rebinding attack prevention.
 - New default values for dnssec-keygen parameters.
 - Support for RFC 5011 automated trust anchor maintenance
 - Smart signing: simplified tools for zone signing and key
  maintenance.
 - The "statistics-channels" option is now available on Windows.
 - A new DNSSEC-aware libdns API for use by non-BIND9 applications
 - On some platforms, named and other binaries can now print out
  a stack backtrace on assertion failure, to aid in debugging.
 - A "tools only" installation mode on Windows, which only installs
  dig, host, nslookup and nsupdate.
 - Improved PKCS#11 support, including Keyper support and explicit
  OpenSSL engine selection.
 #### BIND 9.6.0
 - Full NSEC3 support
 - Automatic zone re-signing
 - New update-policy methods tcp-self and 6to4-self
 - The BIND 8 resolver library, libbind, has been removed from the BIND 9
  distribution and is now available as a separate download.
 - Change the default pid file location from /var/run to
  /var/run/{named,lwresd} for improved chroot/setuid support.
 #### BIND 9.5.0
 - GSS-TSIG support (RFC 3645).
 - DHCID support.
 - Experimental http server and statistics support for named via xml.
 - More detailed statistics counters including those supported in BIND 8.
 - Faster ACL processing.
 - Use Doxygen to generate internal documentation.
 - Efficient LRU cache-cleaning mechanism.
 - NSID support.
 BIND 9.4.0
 - Implemented "additional section caching (or acache)", an internal cache
  framework for additional section content to improve response performance.
  Several configuration options were provided to control the behavior.
 - New notify type 'master-only'.  Enable notify for master zones only.
 - Accept 'notify-source' style syntax for query-source.
 - rndc now allows addresses to be set in the server clauses.
 - New option "allow-query-cache".  This lets "allow-query" be used to
  specify the default zone access level rather than having to have every
  zone override the global value.  "allow-query-cache" can be set at both
  the options and view levels.  If "allow-query-cache" is not set then
  "allow-recursion" is used if set, otherwise "allow-query" is used if set
  unless "recursion no;" is set in which case "none;" is used, otherwise
  the default (localhost; localnets;) is used.
 - rndc: the source address can now be specified.
 - ixfr-from-differences now takes master and slave in addition to yes and
  no at the options and view levels.
 - Allow the journal's name to be changed via named.conf.
 - 'rndc notify zone [class [view]]' resend the NOTIFY messages for the
  specified zone.
 - 'dig +trace' now randomly selects the next servers to try.  Report if
  there is a bad delegation.
 - Improve check-names error messages.
 - Make public the function to read a key file, dst_key_read_public().
 - dig now returns the byte count for axfr/ixfr.
 - allow-update is now settable at the options / view level.
 - named-checkconf now checks the logging configuration.
 - host now can turn on memory debugging flags with '-m'.
 - Don't send notify messages to self.
 - Perform sanity checks on NS records which refer to 'in zone' names.
 - New zone option "notify-delay".  Specify a minimum delay between sets of
  NOTIFY messages.
 - Extend adjusting TTL warning messages.
 - Named and named-checkzone can now both check for non-terminal wildcard
  records.
 - "rndc freeze/thaw" now freezes/thaws all zones.
 - named-checkconf now check acls to verify that they only refer to existing
  acls.
 - The server syntax has been extended to support a range of servers.
 - Report differences between hints and real NS rrset and associated address
  records.
 - Preserve the case of domain names in rdata during zone transfers.
 - Restructured the data locking framework using architecture dependent
  atomic operations (when available), improving response performance on
  multi-processor machines significantly.  x86, x86_64, alpha, powerpc, and
  mips are currently supported.
 - UNIX domain controls are now supported.
 - Add support for additional zone file formats for improving loading
  performance.  The masterfile-format option in named.conf can be used to
  specify a non-default format.  A separate command named-compilezone was
  provided to generate zone files in the new format.  Additionally, the -I
  and -O options for dnssec-signzone specify the input and output formats.
 - dnssec-signzone can now randomize signature end times (dnssec-signzone -j
  jitter).
 - Add support for CH A record.
 - Add additional zone data constancy checks.  named-checkzone has extended
  checking of NS, MX and SRV record and the hosts they reference.  named
  has extended post zone load checks.  New zone options: check-mx and
  integrity-check.
 - edns-udp-size can now be overridden on a per server basis.
 - dig can now specify the EDNS version when making a query.
 - Added framework for handling multiple EDNS versions.
 - Additional memory debugging support to track size and mctx arguments.
 - Detect duplicates of UDP queries we are recursing on and drop them.  New
  stats category "duplicates".
 - "USE INTERNAL MALLOC" is now runtime selectable.
 - The lame cache is now done on a <qname,qclass,qtype> basis as some
  servers only appear to be lame for certain query types.
 - Limit the number of recursive clients that can be waiting for a single
  query (<qname,qtype,qclass>) to resolve.  New options clients-per-query
  and max-clients-per-query.
 - dig: report the number of extra bytes still left in the packet after
  processing all the records.
 - Support for IPSECKEY rdata type.
 - Raise the UDP receive buffer size to 32k if it is less than 32k.
 - x86 and x86_64 now have separate atomic locking implementations.
 - named-checkconf now validates update-policy entries.
 - Attempt to make the amount of work performed in a iteration self tuning.
  The covers nodes clean from the cache per iteration, nodes written to
  disk when rewriting a master file and nodes destroyed per iteration when
  destroying a zone or a cache.
 - ISC string copy API.
 - Automatic empty zone creation for D.F.IP6.ARPA and friends.  Note: RFC
  1918 zones are not yet covered by this but are likely to be in a future
  release.
 - New options: empty-server, empty-contact, empty-zones-enable and
  disable-empty-zone.
 - dig now has a '-q queryname' and '+showsearch' options.
 - host/nslookup now continue (default)/fail on SERVFAIL.
 - dig now warns if 'RA' is not set in the answer when 'RD' was set in the
  query.  host/nslookup skip servers that fail to set 'RA' when 'RD' is set
  unless a server is explicitly set.
 - Integrate contributed DLZ code into named.
 - Integrate contributed IDN code from JPNIC.
 - libbind: corresponds to that from BIND 8.4.7.
 #### BIND 9.3.0
 - DNSSEC is now DS based (RFC 3658).
 - DNSSEC lookaside validation.
 - check-names is now implemented.
 - rrset-order is more complete.
 - IPv4/IPv6 transition support, dual-stack-servers.
 - IXFR deltas can now be generated when loading master files,
  ixfr-from-differences.
 - It is now possible to specify the size of a journal, max-journal-size.
 - It is now possible to define a named set of master servers to be used in
  masters clause, masters.
 - The advertised EDNS UDP size can now be set, edns-udp-size.
 - allow-v6-synthesis has been obsoleted.
 - Zones containing MD and MF will now be rejected.
 - dig, nslookup name. now report "Not Implemented" as NOTIMP rather than
  NOTIMPL.  This will have impact on scripts that are looking for NOTIMPL.
 - libbind: corresponds to that from BIND 8.4.5.
 #### BIND 9.2.0
 - The size of the cache can now be limited using the "max-cache-size"
  option.
 - The server can now automatically convert RFC1886-style recursive lookup
  requests into RFC2874-style lookups, when enabled using the new option
  "allow-v6-synthesis".  This allows stub resolvers that support AAAA
  records but not A6 record chains or binary labels to perform lookups in
  domains that make use of these IPv6 DNS features.
 - Performance has been improved.
 - The man pages now use the more portable "man" macros rather than the
  "mandoc" macros, and are installed by "make install".
 - The named.conf parser has been completely rewritten.  It now supports
  "include" directives in more places such as inside "view" statements, and
  it no longer has any reserved words.
 - The "rndc status" command is now implemented.
 - rndc can now be configured automatically.
 - A BIND 8 compatible stub resolver library is now included in lib/bind.
 - OpenSSL has been removed from the distribution.  This means that to use
  DNSSEC, OpenSSL must be installed and the --with-openssl option must be
  supplied to configure.  This does not apply to the use of TSIG, which
  does not require OpenSSL.
 - The source distribution now builds on Windows.  See
  win32utils/readme1.txt and win32utils/win32-build.txt for details.
 - This distribution also includes a new lightweight stub resolver library
  and associated resolver daemon that fully support forward and reverse
  lookups of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.  This library is considered
  experimental and is not a complete replacement for the BIND 8 resolver
  library.  Applications that use the BIND 8 `res_*` functions to perform
  DNS lookups or dynamic updates still need to be linked against the BIND 8
  libraries.  For DNS lookups, they can also use the new "getrrsetbyname()"
  API.
 - BIND 9.2 is capable of acting as an authoritative server for DNSSEC
  secured zones.  This functionality is believed to be stable and complete
  except for lacking support for verifications involving wildcard records
  in secure zones.
 - When acting as a caching server, BIND 9.2 can be configured to perform
  DNSSEC secure resolution on behalf of its clients.  This part of the
  DNSSEC implementation is still considered experimental.  For detailed
  information about the state of the DNSSEC implementation, see the file
  doc/misc/dnssec.
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 include $(top_srcdir)/Makefile.top
-SUBDIRS = . lib doc bin fuzz
+SUBDIRS = . libltdl lib doc bin
 BUILT_SOURCES = bind.keys.h
 CLEANFILES = bind.keys.h
@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ AM_V_SPHINX_0 = @echo "  SPHINX   $@";
 SPHINXBUILDDIR = $(builddir)/_build
 common_SPHINXOPTS =			\
 	-W				\
 	-c $(srcdir)			\
 	-a				\
 	$(SPHINX_V)
@@ -1,17 +1,10 @@
 # Hey Emacs, this is -*- makefile-automake -*- file!
 # vim: filetype=automake
 unit-local: check
 TESTS = $(check_PROGRAMS)
 LOG_COMPILER = $(builddir)/../../unit-test-driver.sh
 AM_CPPFLAGS +=					\
 	$(CMOCKA_CFLAGS)			\
-	-DNAMED_PLUGINDIR=\"$(libdir)/named\"	\
+	-DTESTS_DIR=\"$(abs_srcdir)\"		\
-	-DSKIPPED_TEST_EXIT_CODE=77		\
+	-DNAMED_PLUGINDIR=\"$(libdir)/named\"
 	-DTESTS_DIR=\"$(abs_srcdir)\"
-LDADD +=					\
+LDADD =			\
 	$(CMOCKA_LIBS)
@@ -11,19 +11,28 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS =					\
 	-include $(top_builddir)/config.h	\
 	-I$(srcdir)/include
-AM_LDFLAGS =
+if HAVE_GSSAPI
-LDADD =
+AM_CPPFLAGS +=					\
-
+	$(GSSAPI_CFLAGS)
-if HOST_MACOS
+endif
 AM_LDFLAGS +=					\
 	-Wl,-flat_namespace
 endif HOST_MACOS
 LIBISC_CFLAGS =						\
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/include				\
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/lib/isc/unix/include		\
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/lib/isc/pthreads/include	\
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/lib/isc/include			\
 	-I$(top_builddir)/lib/isc/include
 if HAVE_JSON_C
 LIBISC_CFLAGS +=					\
 	$(JSON_C_CFLAGS)
 endif HAVE_JSON_C
 if HAVE_LIBXML2
 LIBISC_CFLAGS +=					\
 	$(LIBXML2_CFLAGS)
 endif HAVE_LIBXML2
 LIBISC_LIBS = $(top_builddir)/lib/isc/libisc.la
 LIBDNS_CFLAGS = \
@@ -62,3 +71,9 @@ LIBBIND9_CFLAGS = \
 LIBBIND9_LIBS = \
 	$(top_builddir)/lib/bind9/libbind9.la
 LIBLTDL_CFLAGS = \
 	-I$(top_srcdir)/libltdl
 LIBLTDL_LIBS = \
 	$(top_builddir)/libltdl/libltdlc.la
@@ -8,19 +8,20 @@
 - See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 - information regarding copyright ownership.
 -->
-Setting the `CPPFLAGS` environment variable before running `configure`
+Setting the `STD_CDEFINES` environment variable before running `configure`
-can be used to enable certain compile-time options that are not
+can be used to enable certain compile-time options that are not explicitly
-explicitly defined in `configure`.
+defined in `configure`.
 Some of these settings are:
-| Setting                      | Description                                                                                                                            |
+|Setting                            |Description |
-| ---------------------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
+|-----------------------------------|----------------------------------------|
-| `-DCHECK_LOCAL=0`            | Don't check out-of-zone addresses in `named-checkzone`                                                                                 |
+|`-DISC_MEM_DEFAULTFILL=1`|Overwrite memory with tag values when allocating or freeing it; this impairs performance but makes debugging of memory problems easier.|
-| `-DCHECK_SIBLING=0`          | Don't check sibling glue in `named-checkzone`                                                                                          |
+|`-DISC_MEM_TRACKLINES=0`|Don't track memory allocations by file and line number; this improves performance but makes debugging more difficult.|
-| `-DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0`  | Change the default syslog facility for `named`                                                                                         |
+|<nobr>`-DISC_FACILITY=LOG_LOCAL0`</nobr>|Change the default syslog facility for `named`|
-| `-DISC_HEAP_CHECK`           | Test heap consistency after every heap operation; used when debugging                                                                  |
+|`-DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0`|Disable dropping queries from particular well-known ports:|
-| `-DISC_MEM_DEFAULTFILL=1`    | Overwrite memory with tag values when allocating or freeing it; this impairs performance but makes debugging of memory problems easier |
+|`-DCHECK_SIBLING=0`|Don't check sibling glue in `named-checkzone`|
-| `-DISC_MEM_TRACKLINES=0`     | Don't track memory allocations by file and line number; this improves performance but makes debugging more difficult                   |
+|`-DCHECK_LOCAL=0`|Don't check out-of-zone addresses in `named-checkzone`|
-| `-DNAMED_RUN_PID_DIR=0`      | Create default PID files in `${localstatedir}/run` rather than `${localstatedir}/run/named/`                                           |
+|`-DNS_RUN_PID_DIR=0`|Create default PID files in `${localstatedir}/run` rather than `${localstatedir}/run/named/`|
-| `-DNS_CLIENT_DROPPORT=0`     | Disable dropping queries from particular well-known ports                                                                              |
+|`-DISC_BUFFER_USEINLINE=0`|Disable the use of inline functions to implement the `isc_buffer` API: this reduces performance but may be useful when debugging |
 |`-DISC_HEAP_CHECK`|Test heap consistency after every heap operation; used when debugging|
@@ -12,26 +12,18 @@
 In general, this version of BIND will build and run on any POSIX-compliant
 system with a C11-compliant C compiler, BSD-style sockets with RFC-compliant
-IPv6 support, and POSIX-compliant threads, plus the following mandatory
+IPv6 support, POSIX-compliant threads, the `libuv` asynchronous I/O library,
-libraries:
+and the OpenSSL cryptography library.
 - `libuv` for asynchronous I/O operations and event loops
 - `libssl` and `libcrypto` from OpenSSL for cryptography
 Use of the following libraries is optional:
 - `libjemalloc` for improved memory allocation performance
 - `libnghttp2` for DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) support
 The following C11 features are used in BIND 9:
-* Atomic operations support, either in the form of C11 atomics or
+* Atomic operations support from the compiler is needed, either in the form of
-  `__atomic` builtin operations.
+  builtin operations, C11 atomics, or the `Interlocked` family of functions on
  Windows.
-* Thread Local Storage support, either in the form of C11
+* Thread Local Storage support from the compiler is needed, either in the form
-  `_Thread_local`/`thread_local`, or the `__thread` GCC extension.
+  of C11 `_Thread_local`/`thread_local`, the `__thread` GCC extension, or
-
+  the `__declspec(thread)` MSVC extension on Windows.
 The C11 variants are preferred.
 BIND 9.17 requires a fairly recent version of `libuv` (at least 1.x).  For
 some of the older systems listed below, you will have to install an updated
@@ -40,16 +32,9 @@ updated packages. The other option is to build and install `libuv` from
 source.
 Certain optional BIND features have additional library dependencies.
-These include:
+These include `libxml2` and `libjson-c` for statistics, `libmaxminddb` for
-
+geolocation, `libfstrm` and `libprotobuf-c` for DNSTAP, and `libidn2` for
-* `libfstrm` and `libprotobuf-c` for DNSTAP
+internationalized domain name conversion.
 * `libidn2` for display of internationalized domain names in `dig`
 * `libjson-c` for JSON statistics
 * `libmaxminddb` for geolocation
 * `libnghttp2` for DNS over HTTPS
 * `libxml2` for XML statistics
 * `libz` for compression of the HTTP statistics channel
 * `readline` for line editing in `nsupdate` and `nslookup`
 ISC regularly tests BIND on many operating systems and architectures, but
 lacks the resources to test all of them. Consequently, ISC is only able to
@@ -57,32 +42,34 @@ offer support on a "best effort" basis for some.
 ### Regularly tested platforms
-As of Oct 2021, BIND 9.17 is fully supported and regularly tested on the
+As of Mar 2020, BIND 9.17 is fully supported and regularly tested on the
 following systems:
-* Debian 9, 10, 11
+* Debian 9, 10
-* Ubuntu LTS 18.04, 20.04
+* Ubuntu LTS 16.04, 18.04
-* Fedora 34
+* Fedora 31
-* Red Hat Enterprise Linux / CentOS / Oracle Linux 7, 8
+* Red Hat Enterprise Linux / CentOS 7, 8
-* FreeBSD 11.4, 12.2, 13.0
+* FreeBSD 11.3, 12.1
-* OpenBSD 7.0
+* OpenBSD 6.6
-* Alpine Linux 3.14
+* Alpine Linux
 The amd64, i386, armhf and arm64 CPU architectures are all fully supported.
 ### Best effort
 The following are platforms on which BIND is known to build and run.
-ISC makes every effort to fix bugs on these platforms, but may be unable
+ISC makes every effort to fix bugs on these platforms, but may be unable to
-to do so quickly due to lack of hardware, less familiarity on the part
+do so quickly due to lack of hardware, less familiarity on the part of
-of engineering staff, and other constraints. None of these are tested
+engineering staff, and other constraints. With the exception of Windows
-regularly by ISC.
+Server 2012 R2, none of these are tested regularly by ISC.
 * Windows Server 2012 R2, 2016 / x64
 * Windows 10 / x64
 * macOS 10.12+
 * Solaris 11
 * NetBSD
 * Other Linux distributions still supported by their vendors, such as:
-    * Ubuntu 20.10+
+    * Ubuntu 19.04+
    * Gentoo
    * Arch Linux
 * OpenWRT/LEDE 17.01+
@@ -99,7 +86,7 @@ assessed against the risk of adverse effect on officially supported
 platforms.
 * Platforms past or close to their respective EOL dates, such as:
-    * Ubuntu 14.04, 16.04 (Ubuntu ESM releases are not supported)
+    * Ubuntu 14.04, 18.10
    * CentOS 6
    * Debian Jessie
    * FreeBSD 10.x
@@ -109,7 +96,8 @@ platforms.
 These are platforms on which BIND 9.17 is known *not* to build or run:
 * Platforms without at least OpenSSL 1.0.2
-* Windows
+* Windows 10 / x86
 * Windows Server 2012 and older
 * Solaris 10 and older
 * Platforms that don't support IPv6 Advanced Socket API (RFC 3542)
 * Platforms that don't support atomic operations (via compiler or library)
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 1. [Introduction](#intro)
 1. [Reporting bugs and getting help](#help)
 1. [Contributing to BIND](#contrib)
 1. [BIND 9.17 features](#features)
 1. [Building BIND](#build)
 1. [macOS](#macos)
 1. [Dependencies](#dependencies)
@@ -49,6 +50,9 @@ Internet infrastructure, developed BIND 9 and is responsible for its
 ongoing maintenance and improvement. BIND is open source software
 licensed under the terms of the Mozilla Public License, version 2.0.
 For a summary of features introduced in past major releases of BIND,
 see the file [HISTORY](HISTORY.md).
 For a detailed list of changes made throughout the history of BIND 9, see
 the file [CHANGES](CHANGES). See [below](#changes) for details on the
 CHANGES file format.
@@ -121,22 +125,36 @@ If you prefer, you may also submit code by opening a
 including your patch as an attachment, preferably generated by
 `git format-patch`.
 ### <a name="features"/> BIND 9.17 features
 BIND 9.17 is the newest development branch of BIND 9. It includes a
 number of changes from BIND 9.16 and earlier releases. New features include:
 * The new option `max-ixfr-ratio` to limit the size of outgoing IXFR responses
  before falling back to full zone transfers.
 * `rndc nta -d` and `rndc secroots` now include `validate-except` entries
  when listing negative trust anchors.
 ### <a name="build"/> Building BIND 9
 At a minimum, BIND requires a Unix or Linux system with an ANSI C compiler,
 basic POSIX support, and a 64-bit integer type. BIND also requires the
-`libuv` asynchronous I/O library, the `nghttp2` HTTP/2 library, the
+`libuv` asynchronous I/O library, and a cryptography provider library
-`jemalloc` memory allocation library, and the OpenSSL cryptography
+such as OpenSSL or a hardware service module supporting PKCS#11. On
-library.  On Linux, BIND requires the `libcap` library to set process
+Linux, BIND requires the `libcap` library to set process privileges,
-privileges, though this requirement can be overridden by disabling
+though this requirement can be overridden by disabling capability
-capability support at compile time. See [Compile-time options](#opts)
+support at compile time. See [Compile-time options](#opts) below
-below for details on other libraries that may be required to support
+for details on other libraries that may be required to support
 optional features.
-Successful builds have been observed on many versions of Linux and Unix,
+Successful builds have been observed on many versions of Linux and
-including RHEL/CentOS/Oracle Linux, Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu, SLES, openSUSE,
+Unix, including RHEL/CentOS, Fedora, Debian, Ubuntu, SLES, openSUSE,
-Slackware, Alpine, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, macOS, Solaris, OpenIndiana,
+Slackware, Alpine, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, macOS, Solaris,
-OmniOS CE, HP-UX, and OpenWRT.
+OpenIndiana, OmniOS CE, HP-UX, and OpenWRT.
 BIND 9 is also available for Windows Server 2012 R2 and higher. See
 `win32utils/build.txt` for details on building for Windows
 systems.
 To build on a Unix or Linux system, use:
@@ -144,7 +162,8 @@ To build on a Unix or Linux system, use:
 		$ ./configure
 		$ make
-If you're using Emacs, you might find `make tags` helpful.
+If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you should run
 `make depend`.  If you're using Emacs, you might find `make tags` helpful.
 Several environment variables, which can be set before running `configure`,
 affect compilation.  Significant ones are:
@@ -166,8 +185,9 @@ command:
 Building on macOS assumes that the "Command Tools for Xcode" are installed.
 These can be downloaded from
 [https://developer.apple.com/download/more/](https://developer.apple.com/download/more/)
-or, if you have Xcode already installed, you can run `xcode-select --install`.
+or, if you have Xcode already installed, you can run
-(Note that an Apple ID may be required to access the download page.)
+`xcode-select--install`. (Note that an Apple ID may be required to access the download
 page.)
 #### <a name="dependencies"> Dependencies
@@ -182,19 +202,22 @@ installed:
    autoconf (includes autoreconf)
    automake
    libtool
    libltdl-dev (Debian) / libtool-ltdl-dev (Fedora/CentOS) / libltdl (FreeBSD)
 #### <a name="opts"/> Compile-time options
 To see a full list of configuration options, run `configure --help`.
 To build shared libraries, specify `--with-libtool` on the `configure`
 command line.
 For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it with crypto support.
-To use OpenSSL, you must have OpenSSL 1.0.2e or newer installed. If the
+To use OpenSSL, you should have OpenSSL 1.0.2e or newer installed. If the
 OpenSSL library is installed in a nonstandard location, specify the prefix
 using `--with-openssl=<PREFIX>` on the configure command line. To use a
-PKCS#11 hardware service module for cryptographic operations, it will
+PKCS#11 hardware service module for cryptographic operations, specify the
-be necessary to compile and use engine_pkcs11 from the OpenSC project.
+path to the PKCS#11 provider library using `--with-pkcs11=<PREFIX>`, and
-
+configure BIND with `--enable-native-pkcs11`.
 To support DNS over HTTPS, the server must be linked with `libnghttp2`.
 To support the HTTP statistics channel, the server must be linked with at
 least one of the following libraries: `libxml2`
@@ -316,7 +339,7 @@ the change that was made; these categories are:
 | [cleanup] | Minor corrections and refactoring |
 | [doc] | Documentation |
 | [contrib] | Changes to the contributed tools and libraries in the 'contrib' subdirectory |
-| [placeholder] | Used in the main development branch to reserve change numbers for use in other branches, e.g., when fixing a bug that only exists in older releases |
+| [placeholder] | Used in the master development branch to reserve change numbers for use in other branches, e.g., when fixing a bug that only exists in older releases |
 In general, [func] and [experimental] tags only appear in new-feature
 releases (i.e., those with version numbers ending in zero). Some new
@@ -1 +1,5 @@
 SUBDIRS = named rndc dig delv dnssec tools nsupdate check confgen tests plugins
 if HAVE_PKCS11
 SUBDIRS += pkcs11
 endif
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	$(LIBISCCFG_CFLAGS)	\
 	$(LIBBIND9_CFLAGS)
-AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
+AM_CPPFLAGS +=						\
 	-DNAMED_CONFFILE=\"${sysconfdir}/named.conf\"
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libcheck-tool.la
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ libcheck_tool_la_SOURCES =	\
 	check-tool.h		\
 	check-tool.c
-LDADD +=			\
+LDADD =				\
 	libcheck-tool.la	\
 	$(LIBISC_LIBS)		\
 	$(LIBDNS_LIBS)		\
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #ifdef _WIN32
 #include <Winsock2.h>
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 #include <isc/buffer.h>
 #include <isc/log.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
@@ -22,7 +26,6 @@
 #include <isc/netdb.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/region.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/stdio.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/symtab.h>
@@ -39,6 +42,7 @@
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatasetiter.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/types.h>
 #include <dns/zone.h>
@@ -571,6 +575,96 @@ setup_logging(isc_mem_t *mctx, FILE *errout, isc_log_t **logp) {
 	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 }
 /*% scan the zone for oversize TTLs */
 static isc_result_t
 check_ttls(dns_zone_t *zone, dns_ttl_t maxttl) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	dns_db_t *db = NULL;
 	dns_dbversion_t *version = NULL;
 	dns_dbnode_t *node = NULL;
 	dns_dbiterator_t *dbiter = NULL;
 	dns_rdatasetiter_t *rdsiter = NULL;
 	dns_rdataset_t rdataset;
 	dns_fixedname_t fname;
 	dns_name_t *name;
 	name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fname);
 	dns_rdataset_init(&rdataset);
 	CHECK(dns_zone_getdb(zone, &db));
 	INSIST(db != NULL);
 	CHECK(dns_db_newversion(db, &version));
 	CHECK(dns_db_createiterator(db, 0, &dbiter));
 	for (result = dns_dbiterator_first(dbiter); result == ISC_R_SUCCESS;
 	     result = dns_dbiterator_next(dbiter))
 	{
 		result = dns_dbiterator_current(dbiter, &node, name);
 		if (result == DNS_R_NEWORIGIN) {
 			result = ISC_R_SUCCESS;
 		}
 		CHECK(result);
 		CHECK(dns_db_allrdatasets(db, node, version, 0, &rdsiter));
 		for (result = dns_rdatasetiter_first(rdsiter);
 		     result == ISC_R_SUCCESS;
 		     result = dns_rdatasetiter_next(rdsiter))
 		{
 			dns_rdatasetiter_current(rdsiter, &rdataset);
 			if (rdataset.ttl > maxttl) {
 				char nbuf[DNS_NAME_FORMATSIZE];
 				char tbuf[255];
 				isc_buffer_t b;
 				isc_region_t r;
 				dns_name_format(name, nbuf, sizeof(nbuf));
 				isc_buffer_init(&b, tbuf, sizeof(tbuf) - 1);
 				CHECK(dns_rdatatype_totext(rdataset.type, &b));
 				isc_buffer_usedregion(&b, &r);
 				r.base[r.length] = 0;
 				dns_zone_log(zone, ISC_LOG_ERROR,
 					     "%s/%s TTL %d exceeds "
 					     "maximum TTL %d",
 					     nbuf, tbuf, rdataset.ttl, maxttl);
 				dns_rdataset_disassociate(&rdataset);
 				CHECK(ISC_R_RANGE);
 			}
 			dns_rdataset_disassociate(&rdataset);
 		}
 		if (result == ISC_R_NOMORE) {
 			result = ISC_R_SUCCESS;
 		}
 		CHECK(result);
 		dns_rdatasetiter_destroy(&rdsiter);
 		dns_db_detachnode(db, &node);
 	}
 	if (result == ISC_R_NOMORE) {
 		result = ISC_R_SUCCESS;
 	}
 cleanup:
 	if (node != NULL) {
 		dns_db_detachnode(db, &node);
 	}
 	if (rdsiter != NULL) {
 		dns_rdatasetiter_destroy(&rdsiter);
 	}
 	if (dbiter != NULL) {
 		dns_dbiterator_destroy(&dbiter);
 	}
 	if (version != NULL) {
 		dns_db_closeversion(db, &version, false);
 	}
 	if (db != NULL) {
 		dns_db_detach(&db);
 	}
 	return (result);
 }
 /*% load the zone */
 isc_result_t
 load_zone(isc_mem_t *mctx, const char *zonename, const char *filename,
@@ -593,7 +687,7 @@ load_zone(isc_mem_t *mctx, const char *zonename, const char *filename,
 	CHECK(dns_zone_create(&zone, mctx));
-	dns_zone_settype(zone, dns_zone_primary);
+	dns_zone_settype(zone, dns_zone_master);
 	isc_buffer_constinit(&buffer, zonename, strlen(zonename));
 	isc_buffer_add(&buffer, strlen(zonename));
@@ -634,6 +728,14 @@ load_zone(isc_mem_t *mctx, const char *zonename, const char *filename,
 	CHECK(dns_zone_load(zone, false));
 	/*
 	 * When loading map files we can't catch oversize TTLs during
 	 * load, so we check for them here.
 	 */
 	if (fileformat == dns_masterformat_map && maxttl != 0) {
 		CHECK(check_ttls(zone, maxttl));
 	}
 	if (zonep != NULL) {
 		*zonep = zone;
 		zone = NULL;
@@ -686,3 +788,25 @@ dump_zone(const char *zonename, dns_zone_t *zone, const char *filename,
 	return (result);
 }
 #ifdef _WIN32
 void
 InitSockets(void) {
 	WORD wVersionRequested;
 	WSADATA wsaData;
 	int err;
 	wVersionRequested = MAKEWORD(2, 0);
 	err = WSAStartup(wVersionRequested, &wsaData);
 	if (err != 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "WSAStartup() failed: %d\n", err);
 		exit(1);
 	}
 }
 void
 DestroySockets(void) {
 	WSACleanup();
 }
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
-#pragma once
+#ifndef CHECK_TOOL_H
 #define CHECK_TOOL_H
 /*! \file */
@@ -39,6 +40,13 @@ dump_zone(const char *zonename, dns_zone_t *zone, const char *filename,
 	  dns_masterformat_t fileformat, const dns_master_style_t *style,
 	  const uint32_t rawversion);
 #ifdef _WIN32
 void
 InitSockets(void);
 void
 DestroySockets(void);
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 extern int debug;
 extern const char *journal;
 extern bool nomerge;
@@ -48,3 +56,5 @@ extern bool dochecksrv;
 extern dns_zoneopt_t zone_options;
 ISC_LANG_ENDDECLS
 #endif /* ifndef CHECK_TOOL_H */
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@
 #include <dns/log.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
 #include <dns/rdataclass.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/rootns.h>
 #include <dns/zone.h>
@@ -184,7 +185,7 @@ configure_zone(const char *vclass, const char *view, const cfg_obj_t *zconfig,
 	const char *zname;
 	const char *zfile = NULL;
 	const cfg_obj_t *maps[4];
-	const cfg_obj_t *primariesobj = NULL;
+	const cfg_obj_t *mastersobj = NULL;
 	const cfg_obj_t *inviewobj = NULL;
 	const cfg_obj_t *zoptions = NULL;
 	const cfg_obj_t *classobj = NULL;
@@ -275,15 +276,11 @@ configure_zone(const char *vclass, const char *view, const cfg_obj_t *zconfig,
 	}
 	/*
-	 * Is the redirect zone configured as a secondary?
+	 * Is the redirect zone configured as a slave?
 	 */
 	if (strcasecmp(cfg_obj_asstring(typeobj), "redirect") == 0) {
-		cfg_map_get(zoptions, "primaries", &primariesobj);
+		cfg_map_get(zoptions, "masters", &mastersobj);
-		if (primariesobj == NULL) {
+		if (mastersobj != NULL) {
 			cfg_map_get(zoptions, "masters", &primariesobj);
 		}
 		if (primariesobj != NULL) {
 			return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 		}
 	}
@@ -434,6 +431,8 @@ configure_zone(const char *vclass, const char *view, const cfg_obj_t *zconfig,
 			masterformat = dns_masterformat_text;
 		} else if (strcasecmp(masterformatstr, "raw") == 0) {
 			masterformat = dns_masterformat_raw;
 		} else if (strcasecmp(masterformatstr, "map") == 0) {
 			masterformat = dns_masterformat_map;
 		} else {
 			INSIST(0);
 			ISC_UNREACHABLE();
@@ -450,7 +449,7 @@ configure_zone(const char *vclass, const char *view, const cfg_obj_t *zconfig,
 			   NULL);
 	if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "%s/%s/%s: %s\n", view, zname, zclass,
-			isc_result_totext(result));
+			dns_result_totext(result));
 	}
 	return (result);
 }
@@ -608,6 +607,12 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 			{
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGUSAGE;
 			}
 			if (strcasecmp(isc_commandline_argument, "size") == 0) {
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGSIZE;
 			}
 			if (strcasecmp(isc_commandline_argument, "mctx") == 0) {
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGCTX;
 			}
 			break;
 		default:
 			break;
@@ -705,8 +710,14 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 		conffile = NAMED_CONFFILE;
 	}
 #ifdef _WIN32
 	InitSockets();
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 	RUNTIME_CHECK(setup_logging(mctx, stdout, &logc) == ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 	dns_result_register();
 	RUNTIME_CHECK(cfg_parser_create(mctx, logc, &parser) == ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 	if (nodeprecate) {
@@ -743,5 +754,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	isc_mem_destroy(&mctx);
 #ifdef _WIN32
 	DestroySockets();
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 	return (exit_status);
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -35,62 +35,62 @@ Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 ``named-checkconf`` checks the syntax, but not the semantics, of a
-``named`` configuration file. The file, along with all files included by it, is parsed and checked for syntax
+``named`` configuration file. The file is parsed and checked for syntax
-errors. If no file is specified,
+errors, along with all files included by it. If no file is specified,
 ``/etc/named.conf`` is read by default.
 Note: files that ``named`` reads in separate parser contexts, such as
 ``rndc.key`` and ``bind.keys``, are not automatically read by
 ``named-checkconf``. Configuration errors in these files may cause
 ``named`` to fail to run, even if ``named-checkconf`` was successful.
-However, ``named-checkconf`` can be run on these files explicitly.
+``named-checkconf`` can be run on these files explicitly, however.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option prints the usage summary and exits.
+   Print the usage summary and exit.
-``-j``
+**-j**
-   When loading a zonefile, this option instructs ``named`` to read the journal if it exists.
+   When loading a zonefile read the journal if it exists.
-``-l``
+**-l**
-   This option lists all the configured zones. Each line of output contains the zone
+   List all the configured zones. Each line of output contains the zone
-   name, class (e.g. IN), view, and type (e.g. primary or secondary).
+   name, class (e.g. IN), view, and type (e.g. master or slave).
-``-c``
+**-c**
-   This option specifies that only the "core" configuration should be checked. This suppresses the loading of
+   Check "core" configuration only. This suppresses the loading of
   plugin modules, and causes all parameters to ``plugin`` statements to
   be ignored.
-``-i``
+**-i**
-   This option ignores warnings on deprecated options.
+   Ignore warnings on deprecated options.
-``-p``
+**-p**
-   This option prints out the ``named.conf`` and included files in canonical form if
+   Print out the ``named.conf`` and included files in canonical form if
   no errors were detected. See also the ``-x`` option.
-``-t directory``
+**-t** directory
-   This option instructs ``named`` to chroot to ``directory``, so that ``include`` directives in the
+   Chroot to ``directory`` so that include directives in the
   configuration file are processed as if run by a similarly chrooted
   ``named``.
-``-v``
+**-v**
-   This option prints the version of the ``named-checkconf`` program and exits.
+   Print the version of the ``named-checkconf`` program and exit.
-``-x``
+**-x**
-   When printing the configuration files in canonical form, this option obscures
+   When printing the configuration files in canonical form, obscure
   shared secrets by replacing them with strings of question marks
-   (``?``). This allows the contents of ``named.conf`` and related files
+   ('?'). This allows the contents of ``named.conf`` and related files
-   to be shared - for example, when submitting bug reports -
+   to be shared MDASH for example, when submitting bug reports MDASH
   without compromising private data. This option cannot be used without
   ``-p``.
-``-z``
+**-z**
-   This option performs a test load of all zones of type ``primary`` found in ``named.conf``.
+   Perform a test load of all master zones found in ``named.conf``.
-``filename``
+filename
-   This indicates the name of the configuration file to be checked. If not specified,
+   The name of the configuration file to be checked. If not specified,
   it defaults to ``/etc/named.conf``.
 Return Values
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 #include <isc/log.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
-#include <isc/result.h>
+#include <isc/socket.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/task.h>
 #include <isc/timer.h>
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@
 #include <dns/name.h>
 #include <dns/rdataclass.h>
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/types.h>
 #include <dns/zone.h>
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@
 static int quiet = 0;
 static isc_mem_t *mctx = NULL;
 dns_zone_t *zone = NULL;
-dns_zonetype_t zonetype = dns_zone_primary;
+dns_zonetype_t zonetype = dns_zone_master;
 static int dumpzone = 0;
 static const char *output_filename;
 static const char *prog_name = NULL;
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ static enum { progmode_check, progmode_compile } progmode;
 		if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {                                \
 			if (!quiet)                                           \
 				fprintf(stderr, "%s() returned %s\n",         \
-					function, isc_result_totext(result)); \
+					function, dns_result_totext(result)); \
 			return (result);                                      \
 		}                                                             \
 	} while (0)
@@ -453,6 +454,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 			inputformat = dns_masterformat_raw;
 			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: input format raw, version "
 					"ignored\n");
 		} else if (strcasecmp(inputformatstr, "map") == 0) {
 			inputformat = dns_masterformat_map;
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "unknown file format: %s\n",
 				inputformatstr);
@@ -475,6 +478,8 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "unknown raw format version\n");
 				exit(1);
 			}
 		} else if (strcasecmp(outputformatstr, "map") == 0) {
 			outputformat = dns_masterformat_map;
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "unknown file format: %s\n",
 				outputformatstr);
@@ -514,12 +519,18 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 		usage();
 	}
 #ifdef _WIN32
 	InitSockets();
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
 	if (!quiet) {
 		RUNTIME_CHECK(setup_logging(mctx, errout, &lctx) ==
 			      ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 	}
 	dns_result_register();
 	origin = argv[isc_commandline_index++];
 	if (isc_commandline_index == argc) {
@@ -561,6 +572,9 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 		isc_log_destroy(&lctx);
 	}
 	isc_mem_destroy(&mctx);
 #ifdef _WIN32
 	DestroySockets();
 #endif /* ifdef _WIN32 */
 	return ((result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) ? 0 : 1);
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@
 .. highlight: console
 .. _man_named-checkzone:
 named-checkzone, named-compilezone - zone file validity checking or converting tool
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -41,163 +43,163 @@ configuring them into a name server.
 ``named-compilezone`` is similar to ``named-checkzone``, but it always
 dumps the zone contents to a specified file in a specified format.
-It also applies stricter check levels by default, since the
+Additionally, it applies stricter check levels by default, since the
-dump output is used as an actual zone file loaded by ``named``.
+dump output will be used as an actual zone file loaded by ``named``.
 When manually specified otherwise, the check levels must at least be as
 strict as those specified in the ``named`` configuration file.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-d``
+**-d**
-   This option enables debugging.
+   Enable debugging.
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option prints the usage summary and exits.
+   Print the usage summary and exit.
-``-q``
+**-q**
-   This option sets quiet mode, which only sets an exit code to indicate
+   Quiet mode - exit code only.
   successful or failed completion.
-``-v``
+**-v**
-   This option prints the version of the ``named-checkzone`` program and exits.
+   Print the version of the ``named-checkzone`` program and exit.
-``-j``
+**-j**
-   When loading a zone file, this option tells ``named`` to read the journal if it exists. The journal
+   When loading a zone file, read the journal if it exists. The journal
-   file name is assumed to be the zone file name with the
+   file name is assumed to be the zone file name appended with the
-   string ``.jnl`` appended.
+   string ``.jnl``.
-``-J filename``
+**-J** filename
-   When loading the zone file, this option tells ``named`` to read the journal from the given file, if
+   When loading the zone file read the journal from the given file, if
-   it exists. This implies ``-j``.
+   it exists. (Implies -j.)
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option specifies the class of the zone. If not specified, ``IN`` is assumed.
+   Specify the class of the zone. If not specified, "IN" is assumed.
-``-i mode``
+**-i** mode
-   This option performs post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
+   Perform post-load zone integrity checks. Possible modes are
-   ``full`` (the default), ``full-sibling``, ``local``,
+   ``"full"`` (default), ``"full-sibling"``, ``"local"``,
-   ``local-sibling``, and ``none``.
+   ``"local-sibling"`` and ``"none"``.
-   Mode ``full`` checks that MX records refer to A or AAAA records
+   Mode ``"full"`` checks that MX records refer to A or AAAA record
-   (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). Mode ``local`` only
+   (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). Mode ``"local"`` only
   checks MX records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
-   Mode ``full`` checks that SRV records refer to A or AAAA records
+   Mode ``"full"`` checks that SRV records refer to A or AAAA record
-   (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). Mode ``local`` only
+   (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). Mode ``"local"`` only
   checks SRV records which refer to in-zone hostnames.
-   Mode ``full`` checks that delegation NS records refer to A or AAAA
+   Mode ``"full"`` checks that delegation NS records refer to A or AAAA
-   records (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). It also checks that
+   record (both in-zone and out-of-zone hostnames). It also checks that
   glue address records in the zone match those advertised by the child.
-   Mode ``local`` only checks NS records which refer to in-zone
+   Mode ``"local"`` only checks NS records which refer to in-zone
-   hostnames or verifies that some required glue exists, i.e., when the
+   hostnames or that some required glue exists, that is when the
-   name server is in a child zone.
+   nameserver is in a child zone.
-   Modes ``full-sibling`` and ``local-sibling`` disable sibling glue
+   Mode ``"full-sibling"`` and ``"local-sibling"`` disable sibling glue
-   checks, but are otherwise the same as ``full`` and ``local``,
+   checks but are otherwise the same as ``"full"`` and ``"local"``
   respectively.
-   Mode ``none`` disables the checks.
+   Mode ``"none"`` disables the checks.
-``-f format``
+**-f** format
-   This option specifies the format of the zone file. Possible formats are
+   Specify the format of the zone file. Possible formats are ``"text"``
-   ``text`` (the default), and ``raw``.
+   (default), ``"raw"``, and ``"map"``.
-``-F format``
+**-F** format
-   This option specifies the format of the output file specified. For
+   Specify the format of the output file specified. For
-   ``named-checkzone``, this does not have any effect unless it dumps
+   ``named-checkzone``, this does not cause any effects unless it dumps
   the zone contents.
-   Possible formats are ``text`` (the default), which is the standard
+   Possible formats are ``"text"`` (default), which is the standard
-   textual representation of the zone, and ``raw`` and ``raw=N``, which
+   textual representation of the zone, and ``"map"``, ``"raw"``, and
-   store the zone in a binary format for rapid loading by ``named``.
+   ``"raw=N"``, which store the zone in a binary format for rapid
-   ``raw=N`` specifies the format version of the raw zone file: if ``N`` is
+   loading by ``named``. ``"raw=N"`` specifies the format version of the
-   0, the raw file can be read by any version of ``named``; if N is 1, the
+   raw zone file: if N is 0, the raw file can be read by any version of
-   file can only be read by release 9.9.0 or higher. The default is 1.
+   ``named``; if N is 1, the file can be read by release 9.9.0 or
   higher; the default is 1.
-``-k mode``
+**-k** mode
-   This option performs ``check-names`` checks with the specified failure mode.
+   Perform ``"check-names"`` checks with the specified failure mode.
-   Possible modes are ``fail`` (the default for ``named-compilezone``),
+   Possible modes are ``"fail"`` (default for ``named-compilezone``),
-   ``warn`` (the default for ``named-checkzone``), and ``ignore``.
+   ``"warn"`` (default for ``named-checkzone``) and ``"ignore"``.
-``-l ttl``
+**-l** ttl
-   This option sets a maximum permissible TTL for the input file. Any record with a
+   Sets a maximum permissible TTL for the input file. Any record with a
-   TTL higher than this value causes the zone to be rejected. This
+   TTL higher than this value will cause the zone to be rejected. This
   is similar to using the ``max-zone-ttl`` option in ``named.conf``.
-``-L serial``
+**-L** serial
-   When compiling a zone to ``raw`` format, this option sets the "source
+   When compiling a zone to "raw" or "map" format, set the "source
-   serial" value in the header to the specified serial number. This is
+   serial" value in the header to the specified serial number. (This is
-   expected to be used primarily for testing purposes.
+   expected to be used primarily for testing purposes.)
-``-m mode``
+**-m** mode
-   This option specifies whether MX records should be checked to see if they are
+   Specify whether MX records should be checked to see if they are
-   addresses. Possible modes are ``fail``, ``warn`` (the default), and
+   addresses. Possible modes are ``"fail"``, ``"warn"`` (default) and
-   ``ignore``.
+   ``"ignore"``.
-``-M mode``
+**-M** mode
-   This option checks whether a MX record refers to a CNAME. Possible modes are
+   Check if a MX record refers to a CNAME. Possible modes are
-   ``fail``, ``warn`` (the default), and ``ignore``.
+   ``"fail"``, ``"warn"`` (default) and ``"ignore"``.
-``-n mode``
+**-n** mode
-   This option specifies whether NS records should be checked to see if they are
+   Specify whether NS records should be checked to see if they are
-   addresses. Possible modes are ``fail`` (the default for
+   addresses. Possible modes are ``"fail"`` (default for
-   ``named-compilezone``), ``warn`` (the default for ``named-checkzone``),
+   ``named-compilezone``), ``"warn"`` (default for ``named-checkzone``)
-   and ``ignore``.
+   and ``"ignore"``.
-``-o filename``
+**-o** filename
-   This option writes the zone output to ``filename``. If ``filename`` is ``-``, then
+   Write zone output to ``filename``. If ``filename`` is ``-`` then
-   the zone output is written to standard output. This is mandatory for ``named-compilezone``.
+   write to standard out. This is mandatory for ``named-compilezone``.
-``-r mode``
+**-r** mode
-   This option checks for records that are treated as different by DNSSEC but are
+   Check for records that are treated as different by DNSSEC but are
-   semantically equal in plain DNS. Possible modes are ``fail``,
+   semantically equal in plain DNS. Possible modes are ``"fail"``,
-   ``warn`` (the default), and ``ignore``.
+   ``"warn"`` (default) and ``"ignore"``.
-``-s style``
+**-s** style
-   This option specifies the style of the dumped zone file. Possible styles are
+   Specify the style of the dumped zone file. Possible styles are
-   ``full`` (the default) and ``relative``. The ``full`` format is most
+   ``"full"`` (default) and ``"relative"``. The full format is most
-   suitable for processing automatically by a separate script.
+   suitable for processing automatically by a separate script. On the
-   The relative format is more human-readable and is thus
+   other hand, the relative format is more human-readable and is thus
-   suitable for editing by hand. For ``named-checkzone``, this does not
+   suitable for editing by hand. For ``named-checkzone`` this does not
-   have any effect unless it dumps the zone contents. It also does not
+   cause any effects unless it dumps the zone contents. It also does not
   have any meaning if the output format is not text.
-``-S mode``
+**-S** mode
-   This option checks whether an SRV record refers to a CNAME. Possible modes are
+   Check if a SRV record refers to a CNAME. Possible modes are
-   ``fail``, ``warn`` (the default), and ``ignore``.
+   ``"fail"``, ``"warn"`` (default) and ``"ignore"``.
-``-t directory``
+**-t** directory
-   This option tells ``named`` to chroot to ``directory``, so that ``include`` directives in the
+   Chroot to ``directory`` so that include directives in the
   configuration file are processed as if run by a similarly chrooted
   ``named``.
-``-T mode``
+**-T** mode
-   This option checks whether Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records exist and issues a
+   Check if Sender Policy Framework (SPF) records exist and issues a
   warning if an SPF-formatted TXT record is not also present. Possible
-   modes are ``warn`` (the default) and ``ignore``.
+   modes are ``"warn"`` (default), ``"ignore"``.
-``-w directory``
+**-w** directory
-   This option instructs ``named`` to chdir to ``directory``, so that relative filenames in master file
+   chdir to ``directory`` so that relative filenames in master file
-   ``$INCLUDE`` directives work. This is similar to the directory clause in
+   $INCLUDE directives work. This is similar to the directory clause in
   ``named.conf``.
-``-D``
+**-D**
-   This option dumps the zone file in canonical format. This is always enabled for
+   Dump zone file in canonical format. This is always enabled for
   ``named-compilezone``.
-``-W mode``
+**-W** mode
-   This option specifies whether to check for non-terminal wildcards. Non-terminal
+   Specify whether to check for non-terminal wildcards. Non-terminal
   wildcards are almost always the result of a failure to understand the
-   wildcard matching algorithm (:rfc:`1034`). Possible modes are ``warn``
+   wildcard matching algorithm (:rfc:`1034`). Possible modes are ``"warn"``
-   (the default) and ``ignore``.
+   (default) and ``"ignore"``.
-``zonename``
+zonename
-   This indicates the domain name of the zone being checked.
+   The domain name of the zone being checked.
-``filename``
+filename
-   This is the name of the zone file.
+   The name of the zone file.
 Return Values
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup>
    <Filter Include="Source Files">
      <UniqueIdentifier>{4FC737F1-C7A5-4376-A066-2A32D752A2FF}</UniqueIdentifier>
      <Extensions>cpp;c;cc;cxx;def;odl;idl;hpj;bat;asm;asmx</Extensions>
    </Filter>
    <Filter Include="Header Files">
      <UniqueIdentifier>{93995380-89BD-4b04-88EB-625FBE52EBFB}</UniqueIdentifier>
      <Extensions>h;hpp;hxx;hm;inl;inc;xsd</Extensions>
    </Filter>
    <Filter Include="Resource Files">
      <UniqueIdentifier>{67DA6AB6-F800-4c08-8B7A-83BB121AAD01}</UniqueIdentifier>
      <Extensions>rc;ico;cur;bmp;dlg;rc2;rct;bin;rgs;gif;jpg;jpeg;jpe;resx;tiff;tif;png;wav;mfcribbon-ms</Extensions>
    </Filter>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClInclude Include="..\check-tool.h">
      <Filter>Header Files</Filter>
    </ClInclude>
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="..\named-checkconf.c">
      <Filter>Source Files</Filter>
    </ClCompile>
  </ItemGroup>
 </Project>
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="@TOOLS_VERSION@" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|@PLATFORM@">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>@PLATFORM@</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|@PLATFORM@">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>@PLATFORM@</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <ProjectGuid>{03A96113-CB14-43AA-AEB2-48950E3915C5}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>checkconf</RootNamespace>
    @WINDOWS_TARGET_PLATFORM_VERSION@
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|@PLATFORM@'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
    @PLATFORM_TOOLSET@
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|@PLATFORM@'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>Application</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
    @PLATFORM_TOOLSET@
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)\Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|@PLATFORM@'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|@PLATFORM@'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)\Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|@PLATFORM@'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
    <OutDir>..\..\..\Build\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>.\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
    <IntDirSharingDetected>None</IntDirSharingDetected>
    <TargetName>named-$(ProjectName)</TargetName>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|@PLATFORM@'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
    <OutDir>..\..\..\Build\$(Configuration)\</OutDir>
    <IntDir>.\$(Configuration)\</IntDir>
    <IntDirSharingDetected>None</IntDirSharingDetected>
    <TargetName>named-$(ProjectName)</TargetName>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|@PLATFORM@'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level4</WarningLevel>
      <TreatWarningAsError>false</TreatWarningAsError>
      <Optimization>Disabled</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;_DEBUG;_CONSOLE;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <PrecompiledHeaderOutputFile>.\$(Configuration)\$(ProjectName).pch</PrecompiledHeaderOutputFile>
      <AssemblerListingLocation>.\$(Configuration)\</AssemblerListingLocation>
      <ObjectFileName>.\$(Configuration)\</ObjectFileName>
      <ProgramDataBaseFileName>$(OutDir)$(TargetName).pdb</ProgramDataBaseFileName>
      <BrowseInformation>true</BrowseInformation>
      <ForcedIncludeFiles>..\..\..\config.h</ForcedIncludeFiles>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>.\;..\..\..\;@LIBXML2_INC@@OPENSSL_INC@..\..\..\lib\isc\win32;..\..\..\lib\isc\win32\include;..\..\..\lib\isc\include;..\..\..\lib\dns\include;..\..\..\lib\bind9\include;..\..\..\lib\isccfg\include;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <CompileAs>CompileAsC</CompileAs>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Console</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
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@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	$(LIBDNS_CFLAGS)	\
 	-DRNDC_KEYFILE=\"${sysconfdir}/rndc.key\"
-LDADD +=			\
+LDADD =				\
 	libconfgen.la		\
 	$(LIBISC_LIBS)		\
 	$(LIBDNS_LIBS)
@@ -14,17 +14,17 @@ noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libconfgen.la
 libconfgen_la_SOURCES =		\
 	include/confgen/os.h	\
 	keygen.c		\
 	keygen.h		\
-	os.c			\
+	keygen.c		\
 	util.h			\
 	util.c			\
-	util.h
+	unix/os.c
-sbin_PROGRAMS = tsig-keygen rndc-confgen
+sbin_PROGRAMS = ddns-confgen rndc-confgen
 install-exec-hook:
-	ln -f $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/tsig-keygen \
+	ln -f $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/ddns-confgen \
-	      $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/ddns-confgen
+	      $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/tsig-confgen
 uninstall-hook:
-	-rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/ddns-confgen
+	-rm -f $(DESTDIR)$(sbindir)/tsig-confgen
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@
 /*! \file */
 /**
- * tsig-keygen generates TSIG keys that can be used in named configuration
+ * ddns-confgen generates configuration files for dynamic DNS. It can
- * files for dynamic DNS.
+ * be used as a convenient alternative to writing the ddns.key file
 * and the corresponding key and update-policy statements in named.conf.
 */
 #include <stdarg.h>
@@ -34,8 +35,13 @@
 #include <isc/time.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include <dns/keyvalues.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
@@ -96,6 +102,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	int len = 0;
 	int ch;
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	result = isc_file_progname(*argv, program, sizeof(program));
 	if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 		memmove(program, "tsig-keygen", 11);
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
 .. 
   Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
 ..
   Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
 .. highlight: console
 .. _man_ddns-confgen:
 ddns-confgen - ddns key generation tool
 ---------------------------------------
 Synopsis
 ~~~~~~~~
 :program:`tsig-keygen` [**-a** algorithm] [**-h**] [**-r** randomfile] [**-s** name]
 :program:`ddns-confgen` [**-a** algorithm] [**-h**] [**-k** keyname] [**-q**] [**-r** randomfile] [**-s** name] [**-z** zone]
 Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 ``tsig-keygen`` and ``ddns-confgen`` are invocation methods for a
 utility that generates keys for use in TSIG signing. The resulting keys
 can be used, for example, to secure dynamic DNS updates to a zone or for
 the ``rndc`` command channel.
 When run as ``tsig-keygen``, a domain name can be specified on the
 command line which will be used as the name of the generated key. If no
 name is specified, the default is ``tsig-key``.
 When run as ``ddns-confgen``, the generated key is accompanied by
 configuration text and instructions that can be used with ``nsupdate``
 and ``named`` when setting up dynamic DNS, including an example
 ``update-policy`` statement. (This usage similar to the ``rndc-confgen``
 command for setting up command channel security.)
 Note that ``named`` itself can configure a local DDNS key for use with
 ``nsupdate -l``: it does this when a zone is configured with
 ``update-policy local;``. ``ddns-confgen`` is only needed when a more
 elaborate configuration is required: for instance, if ``nsupdate`` is to
 be used from a remote system.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
 **-a** algorithm
   Specifies the algorithm to use for the TSIG key. Available choices
   are: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmac-sha224, hmac-sha256, hmac-sha384 and
   hmac-sha512. The default is hmac-sha256. Options are
   case-insensitive, and the "hmac-" prefix may be omitted.
 **-h**
   Prints a short summary of options and arguments.
 **-k** keyname
   Specifies the key name of the DDNS authentication key. The default is
   ``ddns-key`` when neither the ``-s`` nor ``-z`` option is specified;
   otherwise, the default is ``ddns-key`` as a separate label followed
   by the argument of the option, e.g., ``ddns-key.example.com.`` The
   key name must have the format of a valid domain name, consisting of
   letters, digits, hyphens and periods.
 **-q**
   (``ddns-confgen`` only.) Quiet mode: Print only the key, with no
   explanatory text or usage examples; This is essentially identical to
   ``tsig-keygen``.
 **-s** name
   (``ddns-confgen`` only.) Generate configuration example to allow
   dynamic updates of a single hostname. The example ``named.conf`` text
   shows how to set an update policy for the specified name using the
   "name" nametype. The default key name is ddns-key.name. Note that the
   "self" nametype cannot be used, since the name to be updated may
   differ from the key name. This option cannot be used with the ``-z``
   option.
 **-z** zone
   (``ddns-confgen`` only.) Generate configuration example to allow
   dynamic updates of a zone: The example ``named.conf`` text shows how
   to set an update policy for the specified zone using the "zonesub"
   nametype, allowing updates to all subdomain names within that zone.
   This option cannot be used with the ``-s`` option.
 See Also
 ~~~~~~~~
 :manpage:`nsupdate(1)`, :manpage:`named.conf(5)`, :manpage:`named(8)`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
 /*! \file */
-#pragma once
+#ifndef RNDC_OS_H
 #define RNDC_OS_H 1
 #include <stdio.h>
@@ -29,3 +30,5 @@ set_user(FILE *fd, const char *user);
 */
 ISC_LANG_ENDDECLS
 #endif /* ifndef RNDC_OS_H */
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <pk11/site.h>
 #include <dns/keyvalues.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
-#pragma once
+#ifndef RNDC_KEYGEN_H
 #define RNDC_KEYGEN_H 1
 /*! \file */
@@ -37,3 +38,5 @@ int
 alg_bits(dns_secalg_t alg);
 ISC_LANG_ENDDECLS
 #endif /* RNDC_KEYGEN_H */
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@
 #include <isc/time.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
 #include <pk11/site.h>
 #include <dns/keyvalues.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -41,75 +41,79 @@ by hand. Alternatively, it can be run with the ``-a`` option to set up a
 ``rndc.key`` file and avoid the need for a ``rndc.conf`` file and a
 ``controls`` statement altogether.
-Options
+Arguments
-~~~~~~~
+~~~~~~~~~
-``-a``
+**-a**
-   This option sets automatic ``rndc`` configuration, which creates a file ``rndc.key``
+   Do automatic ``rndc`` configuration. This creates a file ``rndc.key``
-   in ``/etc`` (or a different ``sysconfdir`` specified when BIND
+   in ``/etc`` (or whatever ``sysconfdir`` was specified as when BIND
   was built) that is read by both ``rndc`` and ``named`` on startup.
   The ``rndc.key`` file defines a default command channel and
   authentication key allowing ``rndc`` to communicate with ``named`` on
   the local host with no further configuration.
   Running ``rndc-confgen -a`` allows BIND 9 and ``rndc`` to be used as
   drop-in replacements for BIND 8 and ``ndc``, with no changes to the
   existing BIND 8 ``named.conf`` file.
   If a more elaborate configuration than that generated by
   ``rndc-confgen -a`` is required, for example if rndc is to be used
-   remotely, run ``rndc-confgen`` without the ``-a`` option
+   remotely, you should run ``rndc-confgen`` without the ``-a`` option
-   and set up ``rndc.conf`` and ``named.conf`` as directed.
+   and set up a ``rndc.conf`` and ``named.conf`` as directed.
-``-A algorithm``
+**-A** algorithm
-   This option specifies the algorithm to use for the TSIG key. Available choices
+   Specifies the algorithm to use for the TSIG key. Available choices
-   are: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmac-sha224, hmac-sha256, hmac-sha384, and
+   are: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmac-sha224, hmac-sha256, hmac-sha384 and
   hmac-sha512. The default is hmac-sha256.
-``-b keysize``
+**-b** keysize
-   This option specifies the size of the authentication key in bits. The size must be between
+   Specifies the size of the authentication key in bits. Must be between
   1 and 512 bits; the default is the hash size.
-``-c keyfile``
+**-c** keyfile
-   This option is used with the ``-a`` option to specify an alternate location for
+   Used with the ``-a`` option to specify an alternate location for
   ``rndc.key``.
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
+   Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
   ``rndc-confgen``.
-``-k keyname``
+**-k** keyname
-   This option specifies the key name of the ``rndc`` authentication key. This must be a
+   Specifies the key name of the rndc authentication key. This must be a
   valid domain name. The default is ``rndc-key``.
-``-p port``
+**-p** port
-   This option specifies the command channel port where ``named`` listens for
+   Specifies the command channel port where ``named`` listens for
   connections from ``rndc``. The default is 953.
-``-q``
+**-q**
-   This option prevets printing the written path in automatic configuration mode.
+   Omits printing written path in automatic configuration mode.
-``-s address``
+**-s** address
-   This option specifies the IP address where ``named`` listens for command-channel
+   Specifies the IP address where ``named`` listens for command channel
   connections from ``rndc``. The default is the loopback address
   127.0.0.1.
-``-t chrootdir``
+**-t** chrootdir
-   This option is used with the ``-a`` option to specify a directory where ``named``
+   Used with the ``-a`` option to specify a directory where ``named``
-   runs chrooted. An additional copy of the ``rndc.key`` is
+   will run chrooted. An additional copy of the ``rndc.key`` will be
-   written relative to this directory, so that it is found by the
+   written relative to this directory so that it will be found by the
   chrooted ``named``.
-``-u user``
+**-u** user
-   This option is used with the ``-a`` option to set the owner of the generated ``rndc.key`` file.
+   Used with the ``-a`` option to set the owner of the ``rndc.key`` file
-   If ``-t`` is also specified, only the file in the chroot
+   generated. If ``-t`` is also specified only the file in the chroot
   area has its owner changed.
 Examples
 ~~~~~~~~
-To allow ``rndc`` to be used with no manual configuration, run:
+To allow ``rndc`` to be used with no manual configuration, run
 ``rndc-confgen -a``
-To print a sample ``rndc.conf`` file and the corresponding ``controls`` and
+To print a sample ``rndc.conf`` file and corresponding ``controls`` and
-``key`` statements to be manually inserted into ``named.conf``, run:
+``key`` statements to be manually inserted into ``named.conf``, run
 ``rndc-confgen``
@@ -1,101 +0,0 @@
 .. 
   Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
 ..
   Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
 .. highlight: console
 tsig-keygen, ddns-confgen - TSIG key generation tool
 ----------------------------------------------------
 Synopsis
 ~~~~~~~~
 :program:`tsig-keygen` [**-a** algorithm] [**-h**] [**-r** randomfile] [name]
 :program:`ddns-confgen` [**-a** algorithm] [**-h**] [**-k** keyname] [**-q**] [**-r** randomfile] [**-s** name] [**-z** zone]
 Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 ``tsig-keygen`` and ``ddns-confgen`` are invocation methods for a
 utility that generates keys for use in TSIG signing. The resulting keys
 can be used, for example, to secure dynamic DNS updates to a zone, or for
 the ``rndc`` command channel.
 When run as ``tsig-keygen``, a domain name can be specified on the
 command line to be used as the name of the generated key. If no
 name is specified, the default is ``tsig-key``.
 When run as ``ddns-confgen``, the key name can specified using ``-k``
 parameter and defaults to ``ddns-key``. The generated key is accompanied
 by configuration text and instructions that can be used with ``nsupdate``
 and ``named`` when setting up dynamic DNS, including an example
 ``update-policy`` statement. (This usage is similar to the ``rndc-confgen``
 command for setting up command-channel security.)
 Note that ``named`` itself can configure a local DDNS key for use with
 ``nsupdate -l``; it does this when a zone is configured with
 ``update-policy local;``. ``ddns-confgen`` is only needed when a more
 elaborate configuration is required: for instance, if ``nsupdate`` is to
 be used from a remote system.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
 ``-a algorithm``
   This option specifies the algorithm to use for the TSIG key. Available
   choices are: hmac-md5, hmac-sha1, hmac-sha224, hmac-sha256, hmac-sha384,
   and hmac-sha512. The default is hmac-sha256. Options are
   case-insensitive, and the "hmac-" prefix may be omitted.
 ``-h``
   This option prints a short summary of options and arguments.
 ``-k keyname``
   This option specifies the key name of the DDNS authentication key. The
   default is ``ddns-key`` when neither the ``-s`` nor ``-z`` option is
   specified; otherwise, the default is ``ddns-key`` as a separate label
   followed by the argument of the option, e.g., ``ddns-key.example.com.``
   The key name must have the format of a valid domain name, consisting of
   letters, digits, hyphens, and periods.
 ``-q`` (``ddns-confgen`` only)
   This option enables quiet mode, which prints only the key, with no
   explanatory text or usage examples. This is essentially identical to
   ``tsig-keygen``.
 ``-s name`` (``ddns-confgen`` only)
   This option generates a configuration example to allow dynamic updates
   of a single hostname. The example ``named.conf`` text shows how to set
   an update policy for the specified name using the "name" nametype. The
   default key name is ``ddns-key.name``. Note that the "self" nametype
   cannot be used, since the name to be updated may differ from the key
   name. This option cannot be used with the ``-z`` option.
 ``-z zone`` (``ddns-confgen`` only)
   This option generates a configuration example to allow
   dynamic updates of a zone. The example ``named.conf`` text shows how
   to set an update policy for the specified zone using the "zonesub"
   nametype, allowing updates to all subdomain names within that zone.
   This option cannot be used with the ``-s`` option.
 See Also
 ~~~~~~~~
 :manpage:`nsupdate(1)`, :manpage:`named.conf(5)`, :manpage:`named(8)`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -3,19 +3,21 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
-#pragma once
+#ifndef RNDC_UTIL_H
 #define RNDC_UTIL_H 1
 /*! \file */
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/formatcheck.h>
 #include <isc/lang.h>
 #include <isc/platform.h>
 #define NS_CONTROL_PORT 953
@@ -38,3 +40,5 @@ ISC_NORETURN void
 fatal(const char *format, ...) ISC_FORMAT_PRINTF(1, 2);
 ISC_LANG_ENDDECLS
 #endif /* RNDC_UTIL_H */
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 <Project ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
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@@ -9,15 +9,17 @@
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
-/*
+#include <errno.h>
- * The dnssec-policy is not defined. Should also be caught if it is inherited.
+#include <fcntl.h>
- */
+#include <io.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-view "test" {
+#include <confgen/os.h>
 	dnssec-policy "notdefined";
-	zone "example.net" {
+int
-		type primary;
+set_user(FILE *fd, const char *user) {
-		file "example.db";
+	return (0);
-	};
+}
 };
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@@ -3,24 +3,28 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <bind.keys.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
+
 #ifndef WIN32
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <netinet/in.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #endif /* ifndef WIN32 */
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <isc/app.h>
@@ -28,15 +32,17 @@
 #include <isc/base64.h>
 #include <isc/buffer.h>
 #include <isc/hex.h>
 #include <isc/lib.h>
 #include <isc/log.h>
 #include <isc/managers.h>
 #include <isc/md.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
-#include <isc/netmgr.h>
+#ifdef WIN32
 #include <isc/ntpaths.h>
 #endif /* ifdef WIN32 */
 #include <isc/parseint.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/sockaddr.h>
 #include <isc/socket.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/task.h>
 #include <isc/timer.h>
@@ -47,6 +53,7 @@
 #include <dns/fixedname.h>
 #include <dns/keytable.h>
 #include <dns/keyvalues.h>
 #include <dns/lib.h>
 #include <dns/log.h>
 #include <dns/masterdump.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
@@ -55,10 +62,12 @@
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatastruct.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/secalg.h>
 #include <dns/view.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
 #include <dst/result.h>
 #include <isccfg/log.h>
 #include <isccfg/namedconf.h>
@@ -601,13 +610,11 @@ key_fromconfig(const cfg_obj_t *key, dns_client_t *client) {
 	dns_name_t *keyname;
 	isc_result_t result;
 	bool match_root = false;
-	enum {
+	enum { INITIAL_KEY,
-		INITIAL_KEY,
+	       STATIC_KEY,
-		STATIC_KEY,
+	       INITIAL_DS,
-		INITIAL_DS,
+	       STATIC_DS,
-		STATIC_DS,
+	       TRUSTED } anchortype;
 		TRUSTED
 	} anchortype;
 	const cfg_obj_t *obj;
 	keynamestr = cfg_obj_asstring(cfg_tuple_get(key, "name"));
@@ -810,7 +817,14 @@ setup_dnsseckeys(dns_client_t *client) {
 	}
 	if (filename == NULL) {
 #ifndef WIN32
 		filename = SYSCONFDIR "/bind.keys";
 #else  /* ifndef WIN32 */
 		static char buf[MAX_PATH];
 		strlcpy(buf, isc_ntpaths_get(SYS_CONF_DIR), sizeof(buf));
 		strlcat(buf, "\\bind.keys", sizeof(buf));
 		filename = buf;
 #endif /* ifndef WIN32 */
 	}
 	if (trust_anchor == NULL) {
@@ -1720,11 +1734,13 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	dns_namelist_t namelist;
 	unsigned int resopt;
 	isc_appctx_t *actx = NULL;
 	isc_nm_t *netmgr = NULL;
 	isc_taskmgr_t *taskmgr = NULL;
 	isc_socketmgr_t *socketmgr = NULL;
 	isc_timermgr_t *timermgr = NULL;
 	dns_master_style_t *style = NULL;
 #ifndef WIN32
 	struct sigaction sa;
 #endif /* ifndef WIN32 */
 	progname = argv[0];
 	preparse_args(argc, argv);
@@ -1732,16 +1748,18 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	argc--;
 	argv++;
-	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
+	isc_lib_register();
-
+	result = dns_lib_init();
 	result = dst_lib_init(mctx, NULL);
 	if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
-		fatal("dst_lib_init failed: %d", result);
+		fatal("dns_lib_init failed: %d", result);
 	}
-	CHECK(isc_appctx_create(mctx, &actx));
+	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
-	isc_managers_create(mctx, 1, 0, &netmgr, &taskmgr, &timermgr);
+	CHECK(isc_appctx_create(mctx, &actx));
 	CHECK(isc_taskmgr_createinctx(mctx, 1, 0, &taskmgr));
 	CHECK(isc_socketmgr_createinctx(mctx, &socketmgr));
 	CHECK(isc_timermgr_createinctx(mctx, &timermgr));
 	parse_args(argc, argv);
@@ -1751,16 +1769,18 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	CHECK(isc_app_ctxstart(actx));
 #ifndef WIN32
 	/* Unblock SIGINT if it's been blocked by isc_app_ctxstart() */
 	memset(&sa, 0, sizeof(sa));
 	sa.sa_handler = SIG_DFL;
 	if (sigfillset(&sa.sa_mask) != 0 || sigaction(SIGINT, &sa, NULL) < 0) {
 		fatal("Couldn't set up signal handler");
 	}
 #endif /* ifndef WIN32 */
 	/* Create client */
-	result = dns_client_create(mctx, actx, taskmgr, netmgr, timermgr, 0,
+	result = dns_client_createx(mctx, actx, taskmgr, socketmgr, timermgr, 0,
-				   &client, srcaddr4, srcaddr6);
+				    &client, srcaddr4, srcaddr6);
 	if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 		delv_log(ISC_LOG_ERROR, "dns_client_create: %s",
 			 isc_result_totext(result));
@@ -1780,7 +1800,7 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	CHECK(convert_name(&qfn, &query_name, qname));
 	/* Set up resolution options */
-	resopt = DNS_CLIENTRESOPT_NOCDFLAG;
+	resopt = DNS_CLIENTRESOPT_ALLOWRUN | DNS_CLIENTRESOPT_NOCDFLAG;
 	if (no_sigs) {
 		resopt |= DNS_CLIENTRESOPT_NODNSSEC;
 	}
@@ -1840,11 +1860,17 @@ cleanup:
 		dns_master_styledestroy(&style, mctx);
 	}
 	if (client != NULL) {
-		dns_client_detach(&client);
+		dns_client_destroy(&client);
 	}
 	if (taskmgr != NULL) {
 		isc_taskmgr_destroy(&taskmgr);
 	}
 	if (timermgr != NULL) {
 		isc_timermgr_destroy(&timermgr);
 	}
 	if (socketmgr != NULL) {
 		isc_socketmgr_destroy(&socketmgr);
 	}
 	isc_managers_destroy(&netmgr, &taskmgr, &timermgr);
 	if (actx != NULL) {
 		isc_appctx_destroy(&actx);
 	}
@@ -1853,7 +1879,7 @@ cleanup:
 	}
 	isc_mem_detach(&mctx);
-	dst_lib_destroy();
+	dns_lib_shutdown();
 	return (0);
 }
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -43,15 +43,15 @@ Description
 ``delv`` is a tool for sending DNS queries and validating the results,
 using the same internal resolver and validator logic as ``named``.
-``delv`` sends to a specified name server all queries needed to
+``delv`` will send to a specified name server all queries needed to
 fetch and validate the requested data; this includes the original
-requested query, subsequent queries to follow CNAME or DNAME chains,
+requested query, subsequent queries to follow CNAME or DNAME chains, and
 queries for DNSKEY, and DS records to establish a chain of trust for
 DNSSEC validation. It does not perform iterative resolution, but
 simulates the behavior of a name server configured for DNSSEC validating
 and forwarding.
-By default, responses are validated using the built-in DNSSEC trust anchor
+By default, responses are validated using built-in DNSSEC trust anchor
 for the root zone ("."). Records returned by ``delv`` are either fully
 validated or were not signed. If validation fails, an explanation of the
 failure is included in the output; the validation process can be traced
@@ -59,13 +59,13 @@ in detail. Because ``delv`` does not rely on an external server to carry
 out validation, it can be used to check the validity of DNS responses in
 environments where local name servers may not be trustworthy.
-Unless it is told to query a specific name server, ``delv`` tries
+Unless it is told to query a specific name server, ``delv`` will try
 each of the servers listed in ``/etc/resolv.conf``. If no usable server
-addresses are found, ``delv`` sends queries to the localhost
+addresses are found, ``delv`` will send queries to the localhost
 addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1 for IPv6).
-When no command-line arguments or options are given, ``delv``
+When no command line arguments or options are given, ``delv`` will
-performs an NS query for "." (the root zone).
+perform an NS query for "." (the root zone).
 Simple Usage
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -89,109 +89,109 @@ where:
   If no ``server`` argument is provided, ``delv`` consults
   ``/etc/resolv.conf``; if an address is found there, it queries the
   name server at that address. If either of the ``-4`` or ``-6``
-   options is in use, then only addresses for the corresponding
+   options are in use, then only addresses for the corresponding
-   transport are tried. If no usable addresses are found, ``delv``
+   transport will be tried. If no usable addresses are found, ``delv``
-   sends queries to the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1
+   will send queries to the localhost addresses (127.0.0.1 for IPv4, ::1
   for IPv6).
 ``name``
   is the domain name to be looked up.
 ``type``
-   indicates what type of query is required - ANY, A, MX, etc.
+   indicates what type of query is required MDASH ANY, A, MX, etc.
   ``type`` can be any valid query type. If no ``type`` argument is
-   supplied, ``delv`` performs a lookup for an A record.
+   supplied, ``delv`` will perform a lookup for an A record.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-a anchor-file``
+**-a** anchor-file
-   This option specifies a file from which to read DNSSEC trust anchors. The default
+   Specifies a file from which to read DNSSEC trust anchors. The default
   is ``/etc/bind.keys``, which is included with BIND 9 and contains one
   or more trust anchors for the root zone (".").
   Keys that do not match the root zone name are ignored. An alternate
   key name can be specified using the ``+root=NAME`` options.
-   Note: When reading the trust anchor file, ``delv`` treats ``trust-anchors``,
+   Note: When reading the trust anchor file, ``delv`` treat ``trust-anchors``
-   ``initial-key``, and ``static-key`` identically. That is, for a managed key,
+   ``initial-key`` and ``static-key`` identically. That is, for a managed key,
   it is the *initial* key that is trusted; :rfc:`5011` key management is not
-   supported. ``delv`` does not consult the managed-keys database maintained by
+   supported. ``delv`` will not consult the managed-keys database maintained by
-   ``named``, which means that if either of the keys in ``/etc/bind.keys`` is
+   ``named``. This means that if either of the keys in ``/etc/bind.keys`` is
-   revoked and rolled over, ``/etc/bind.keys`` must be updated to
+   revoked and rolled over, it will be necessary to update ``/etc/bind.keys`` to
   use DNSSEC validation in ``delv``.
-``-b address``
+**-b** address
-   This option sets the source IP address of the query to ``address``. This must be
+   Sets the source IP address of the query to ``address``. This must be
-   a valid address on one of the host's network interfaces, or ``0.0.0.0``,
+   a valid address on one of the host's network interfaces or "0.0.0.0"
-   or ``::``. An optional source port may be specified by appending
+   or "::". An optional source port may be specified by appending
-   ``#<port>``
+   "#<port>"
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option sets the query class for the requested data. Currently, only class
+   Sets the query class for the requested data. Currently, only class
   "IN" is supported in ``delv`` and any other value is ignored.
-``-d level``
+**-d** level
-   This option sets the systemwide debug level to ``level``. The allowed range is
+   Set the systemwide debug level to ``level``. The allowed range is
   from 0 to 99. The default is 0 (no debugging). Debugging traces from
   ``delv`` become more verbose as the debug level increases. See the
   ``+mtrace``, ``+rtrace``, and ``+vtrace`` options below for
   additional debugging details.
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option displays the ``delv`` help usage output and exits.
+   Display the ``delv`` help usage output and exit.
-``-i``
+**-i**
-   This option sets insecure mode, which disables internal DNSSEC validation. (Note,
+   Insecure mode. This disables internal DNSSEC validation. (Note,
-   however, that this does not set the CD bit on upstream queries. If the
+   however, this does not set the CD bit on upstream queries. If the
-   server being queried is performing DNSSEC validation, then it does
+   server being queried is performing DNSSEC validation, then it will
   not return invalid data; this can cause ``delv`` to time out. When it
   is necessary to examine invalid data to debug a DNSSEC problem, use
   ``dig +cd``.)
-``-m``
+**-m**
-   This option enables memory usage debugging.
+   Enables memory usage debugging.
-``-p port#``
+**-p** port#
-   This option specifies a destination port to use for queries, instead of the
+   Specifies a destination port to use for queries instead of the
-   standard DNS port number 53. This option is used with a name
+   standard DNS port number 53. This option would be used with a name
   server that has been configured to listen for queries on a
   non-standard port number.
-``-q name``
+**-q** name
-   This option sets the query name to ``name``. While the query name can be
+   Sets the query name to ``name``. While the query name can be
-   specified without using the ``-q`` option, it is sometimes necessary to
+   specified without using the ``-q``, it is sometimes necessary to
   disambiguate names from types or classes (for example, when looking
   up the name "ns", which could be misinterpreted as the type NS, or
   "ch", which could be misinterpreted as class CH).
-``-t type``
+**-t** type
-   This option sets the query type to ``type``, which can be any valid query type
+   Sets the query type to ``type``, which can be any valid query type
   supported in BIND 9 except for zone transfer types AXFR and IXFR. As
-   with ``-q``, this is useful to distinguish query-name types or classes
+   with ``-q``, this is useful to distinguish query name type or class
-   when they are ambiguous. It is sometimes necessary to disambiguate
+   when they are ambiguous. it is sometimes necessary to disambiguate
   names from types.
   The default query type is "A", unless the ``-x`` option is supplied
   to indicate a reverse lookup, in which case it is "PTR".
-``-v``
+**-v**
-   This option prints the ``delv`` version and exits.
+   Print the ``delv`` version and exit.
-``-x addr``
+**-x** addr
-   This option performs a reverse lookup, mapping an address to a name. ``addr``
+   Performs a reverse lookup, mapping an addresses to a name. ``addr``
   is an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation, or a colon-delimited
   IPv6 address. When ``-x`` is used, there is no need to provide the
-   ``name`` or ``type`` arguments; ``delv`` automatically performs a
+   ``name`` or ``type`` arguments. ``delv`` automatically performs a
   lookup for a name like ``11.12.13.10.in-addr.arpa`` and sets the
   query type to PTR. IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
   under the IP6.ARPA domain.
-``-4``
+**-4**
-   This option forces ``delv`` to only use IPv4.
+   Forces ``delv`` to only use IPv4.
-``-6``
+**-6**
-   This option forces ``delv`` to only use IPv6.
+   Forces ``delv`` to only use IPv6.
 Query Options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -206,122 +206,122 @@ assign values to options like the timeout interval. They have the form
 ``+keyword=value``. The query options are:
 ``+[no]cdflag``
-   This option controls whether to set the CD (checking disabled) bit in queries
+   Controls whether to set the CD (checking disabled) bit in queries
   sent by ``delv``. This may be useful when troubleshooting DNSSEC
   problems from behind a validating resolver. A validating resolver
-   blocks invalid responses, making it difficult to retrieve them
+   will block invalid responses, making it difficult to retrieve them
-   for analysis. Setting the CD flag on queries causes the resolver
+   for analysis. Setting the CD flag on queries will cause the resolver
   to return invalid responses, which ``delv`` can then validate
   internally and report the errors in detail.
 ``+[no]class``
-   This option controls whether to display the CLASS when printing a record. The
+   Controls whether to display the CLASS when printing a record. The
   default is to display the CLASS.
 ``+[no]ttl``
-   This option controls whether to display the TTL when printing a record. The
+   Controls whether to display the TTL when printing a record. The
   default is to display the TTL.
 ``+[no]rtrace``
-   This option toggles resolver fetch logging. This reports the name and type of each
+   Toggle resolver fetch logging. This reports the name and type of each
   query sent by ``delv`` in the process of carrying out the resolution
-   and validation process, including the original query
+   and validation process: this includes including the original query
   and all subsequent queries to follow CNAMEs and to establish a chain
   of trust for DNSSEC validation.
   This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 1 in the "resolver"
   logging category. Setting the systemwide debug level to 1 using the
-   ``-d`` option produces the same output, but affects other
+   ``-d`` option will product the same output (but will affect other
-   logging categories as well.
+   logging categories as well).
 ``+[no]mtrace``
-   This option toggles message logging. This produces a detailed dump of the
+   Toggle message logging. This produces a detailed dump of the
   responses received by ``delv`` in the process of carrying out the
   resolution and validation process.
   This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 10 for the "packets"
   module of the "resolver" logging category. Setting the systemwide
-   debug level to 10 using the ``-d`` option produces the same
+   debug level to 10 using the ``-d`` option will produce the same
-   output, but affects other logging categories as well.
+   output (but will affect other logging categories as well).
 ``+[no]vtrace``
-   This option toggles validation logging. This shows the internal process of the
+   Toggle validation logging. This shows the internal process of the
   validator as it determines whether an answer is validly signed,
   unsigned, or invalid.
   This is equivalent to setting the debug level to 3 for the
   "validator" module of the "dnssec" logging category. Setting the
-   systemwide debug level to 3 using the ``-d`` option produces the
+   systemwide debug level to 3 using the ``-d`` option will produce the
-   same output, but affects other logging categories as well.
+   same output (but will affect other logging categories as well).
 ``+[no]short``
-   This option toggles between verbose and terse answers. The default is to print the answer in a
+   Provide a terse answer. The default is to print the answer in a
   verbose form.
 ``+[no]comments``
-   This option toggles the display of comment lines in the output. The default is to
+   Toggle the display of comment lines in the output. The default is to
   print comments.
 ``+[no]rrcomments``
-   This option toggles the display of per-record comments in the output (for example,
+   Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for example,
   human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). The default is
   to print per-record comments.
 ``+[no]crypto``
-   This option toggles the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. The
+   Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. The
-   contents of these fields are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
+   contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
   validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see the
-   common failures. The default is to display the fields. When omitted,
+   common failures. The default is to display the fields. When omitted
-   they are replaced by the string ``[omitted]`` or, in the DNSKEY case, the
+   they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the DNSKEY case the
-   key ID is displayed as the replacement, e.g. ``[ key id = value ]``.
+   key id is displayed as the replacement, e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
 ``+[no]trust``
-   This option controls whether to display the trust level when printing a record.
+   Controls whether to display the trust level when printing a record.
   The default is to display the trust level.
 ``+[no]split[=W]``
-   This option splits long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into
+   Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into
   chunks of ``W`` characters (where ``W`` is rounded up to the nearest
   multiple of 4). ``+nosplit`` or ``+split=0`` causes fields not to be
   split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters when
   multiline mode is active.
 ``+[no]all``
-   This option sets or clears the display options ``+[no]comments``,
+   Set or clear the display options ``+[no]comments``,
   ``+[no]rrcomments``, and ``+[no]trust`` as a group.
 ``+[no]multiline``
-   This option prints long records (such as RRSIG, DNSKEY, and SOA records) in a
+   Print long records (such as RRSIG, DNSKEY, and SOA records) in a
   verbose multi-line format with human-readable comments. The default
   is to print each record on a single line, to facilitate machine
   parsing of the ``delv`` output.
 ``+[no]dnssec``
-   This option indicates whether to display RRSIG records in the ``delv`` output.
+   Indicates whether to display RRSIG records in the ``delv`` output.
   The default is to do so. Note that (unlike in ``dig``) this does
-   *not* control whether to request DNSSEC records or to
+   *not* control whether to request DNSSEC records or whether to
   validate them. DNSSEC records are always requested, and validation
-   always occurs unless suppressed by the use of ``-i`` or
+   will always occur unless suppressed by the use of ``-i`` or
   ``+noroot``.
 ``+[no]root[=ROOT]``
-   This option indicates whether to perform conventional DNSSEC validation, and if so,
+   Indicates whether to perform conventional DNSSEC validation, and if so,
   specifies the name of a trust anchor. The default is to validate using a
   trust anchor of "." (the root zone), for which there is a built-in key. If
   specifying a different trust anchor, then ``-a`` must be used to specify a
   file containing the key.
 ``+[no]tcp``
-   This option controls whether to use TCP when sending queries. The default is to
+   Controls whether to use TCP when sending queries. The default is to
   use UDP unless a truncated response has been received.
 ``+[no]unknownformat``
-   This option prints all RDATA in unknown RR-type presentation format (:rfc:`3597`).
+   Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format (:rfc:`3597`).
   The default is to print RDATA for known types in the type's
   presentation format.
 ``+[no]yaml``
-   This option prints response data in YAML format.
+   Print response data in YAML format.
 Files
 ~~~~~
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@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	$(LIBBIND9_CFLAGS)	\
 	$(LIBIDN2_CFLAGS)
-LDADD +=			\
+LDADD =				\
 	libdighost.la		\
 	$(LIBISC_LIBS)		\
 	$(LIBDNS_LIBS)		\
@@ -19,21 +19,12 @@ LDADD +=			\
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libdighost.la
-libdighost_la_SOURCES =		\
+libdighost_la_SOURCES = \
-	dighost.h		\
+	dighost.h	\
 	dighost.c
 bin_PROGRAMS = dig host nslookup
-nslookup_CPPFLAGS =		\
+nslookup_LDADD =	\
-	$(AM_CPPFLAGS)
+	$(LDADD)	\
-
+	$(READLINE_LIB)
 nslookup_LDADD =		\
 	$(LDADD)
 if HAVE_READLINE
 nslookup_CPPFLAGS +=		\
 	$(READLINE_CFLAGS)
 nslookup_LDADD +=		\
 	$(READLINE_LIBS)
 endif HAVE_READLINE
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -19,18 +19,17 @@
 #include <isc/app.h>
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/dir.h>
 #include <isc/netaddr.h>
 #include <isc/parseint.h>
 #include <isc/platform.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/task.h>
 #include <isc/time.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
 #include <pk11/site.h>
 #include <dns/byaddr.h>
 #include <dns/dns64.h>
 #include <dns/fixedname.h>
 #include <dns/masterdump.h>
 #include <dns/message.h>
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@
 #include <dns/rdataclass.h>
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/tsig.h>
 #include "dighost.h"
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ help(void) {
 	       "                 +[no]besteffort     (Try to parse even "
 	       "illegal "
 	       "messages)\n"
-	       "                 +bufsize[=###]      (Set EDNS0 Max UDP packet "
+	       "                 +bufsize=###        (Set EDNS0 Max UDP packet "
 	       "size)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]cdflag         (Set checking disabled "
 	       "flag in query)\n"
@@ -206,8 +206,6 @@ help(void) {
 	       "                                      fields in records)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]defname        (Use search list "
 	       "(+[no]search))\n"
 	       "                 +[no]dns64prefix    (Get the DNS64 prefixes "
 	       "from ipv4only.arpa)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]dnssec         (Request DNSSEC records)\n"
 	       "                 +domain=###         (Set default domainname)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]dscp[=###]     (Set the DSCP value to "
@@ -227,10 +225,6 @@ help(void) {
 	       "SERVFAIL)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]header-only    (Send query without a "
 	       "question section)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]https[=###]    (DNS over HTTPS mode) "
 	       "[/]\n"
 	       "                 +[no]https-get      (Use GET instead of "
 	       "default POST method\n"
 	       "                 +[no]identify       (ID responders in short "
 	       "answers)\n"
 #ifdef HAVE_LIBIDN2
@@ -281,7 +275,6 @@ help(void) {
 	       "short\n"
 	       "                                      form of answers - global "
 	       "option)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]showbadcookie  (Show BADCOOKIE message)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]showsearch     (Search with intermediate "
 	       "results)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]split=##       (Split hex/base64 fields "
@@ -294,7 +287,6 @@ help(void) {
 	       "(+[no]tcflag))\n"
 	       "                 +[no]tcp            (TCP mode (+[no]vc))\n"
 	       "                 +timeout=###        (Set query timeout) [5]\n"
 	       "                 +[no]tls            (DNS over TLS mode)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]trace          (Trace delegation down "
 	       "from root "
 	       "[+dnssec])\n"
@@ -304,6 +296,9 @@ help(void) {
 	       "in records)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]ttlunits       (Display TTLs in "
 	       "human-readable units)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]unexpected     (Print replies from "
 	       "unexpected sources\n"
 	       "                                      default=off)\n"
 	       "                 +[no]unknownformat  (Print RDATA in RFC 3597 "
 	       "\"unknown\" "
 	       "format)\n"
@@ -329,7 +324,11 @@ received(unsigned int bytes, isc_sockaddr_t *from, dig_query_t *query) {
 	uint64_t diff;
 	time_t tnow;
 	struct tm tmnow;
 #ifdef WIN32
 	wchar_t time_str[100];
 #else  /* ifdef WIN32 */
 	char time_str[100];
 #endif /* ifdef WIN32 */
 	char fromtext[ISC_SOCKADDR_FORMATSIZE];
 	isc_sockaddr_format(from, fromtext, sizeof(fromtext));
@@ -339,36 +338,33 @@ received(unsigned int bytes, isc_sockaddr_t *from, dig_query_t *query) {
 	}
 	if (query->lookup->stats) {
 		const char *proto;
 		diff = isc_time_microdiff(&query->time_recv, &query->time_sent);
 		if (query->lookup->use_usec) {
 			printf(";; Query time: %ld usec\n", (long)diff);
 		} else {
 			printf(";; Query time: %ld msec\n", (long)diff / 1000);
 		}
-		if (query->lookup->tls_mode) {
+		printf(";; SERVER: %s(%s)\n", fromtext, query->servname);
 			proto = "TLS";
 		} else if (query->lookup->https_mode) {
 			if (query->lookup->http_plain) {
 				proto = "HTTP";
 			} else {
 				proto = "HTTPS";
 			}
 		} else if (query->lookup->tcp_mode) {
 			proto = "TCP";
 		} else {
 			proto = "UDP";
 		}
 		printf(";; SERVER: %s(%s) (%s)\n", fromtext, query->userarg,
 		       proto);
 		time(&tnow);
 		(void)localtime_r(&tnow, &tmnow);
 #ifdef WIN32
 		/*
 		 * On Windows, time zone name ("%Z") may be a localized
 		 * wide-character string, which strftime() handles incorrectly.
 		 */
 		if (wcsftime(time_str, sizeof(time_str) / sizeof(time_str[0]),
 			     L"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y", &tmnow) > 0U)
 		{
 			printf(";; WHEN: %ls\n", time_str);
 		}
 #else  /* ifdef WIN32 */
 		if (strftime(time_str, sizeof(time_str),
 			     "%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y", &tmnow) > 0U)
 		{
 			printf(";; WHEN: %s\n", time_str);
 		}
 #endif /* ifdef WIN32 */
 		if (query->lookup->doing_xfr) {
 			printf(";; XFR size: %u records (messages %u, "
 			       "bytes %" PRIu64 ")\n",
@@ -470,50 +466,6 @@ say_message(dns_rdata_t *rdata, dig_query_t *query, isc_buffer_t *buf) {
 	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 }
 /*%
 * short_form message print handler.  Calls above say_message()
 */
 static isc_result_t
 dns64prefix_answer(dns_message_t *msg, isc_buffer_t *buf) {
 	dns_rdataset_t *rdataset = NULL;
 	dns_fixedname_t fixed;
 	dns_name_t *name;
 	isc_result_t result;
 	isc_netprefix_t prefix[10];
 	size_t i, count = 10;
 	name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fixed);
 	result = dns_name_fromstring(name, "ipv4only.arpa", 0, NULL);
 	check_result(result, "dns_name_fromstring");
 	result = dns_message_findname(msg, DNS_SECTION_ANSWER, name,
 				      dns_rdatatype_aaaa, dns_rdatatype_none,
 				      NULL, &rdataset);
 	if (result == DNS_R_NXDOMAIN || result == DNS_R_NXRRSET) {
 		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 	} else if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 		return (result);
 	}
 	result = dns_dns64_findprefix(rdataset, prefix, &count);
 	if (result == ISC_R_NOTFOUND)
 		return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 	if (count > 10)
 		count = 10;
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		result = isc_netaddr_totext(&prefix[i].addr, buf);
 		if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 			return (result);
 		}
 		result = isc_buffer_printf(buf, "/%u\n", prefix[i].prefixlen);
 		if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 			return (result);
 		}
 	}
 	return (ISC_R_SUCCESS);
 }
 /*%
 * short_form message print handler.  Calls above say_message()
 */
@@ -600,12 +552,9 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 	dns_master_style_t *style = NULL;
 	unsigned int styleflags = 0;
 	bool isquery = (msg == query->lookup->sendmsg);
 	bool dns64prefix = query->lookup->dns64prefix;
 	UNUSED(msgbuf);
 	dig_idnsetup(query->lookup, true);
 	styleflags |= DNS_STYLEFLAG_REL_OWNER;
 	if (yaml) {
 		msg->indent.string = "  ";
@@ -665,16 +614,14 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 	check_result(result, "dns_master_stylecreate");
 	if (query->lookup->cmdline[0] != 0) {
-		if (!short_form && !dns64prefix && printcmd) {
+		if (!short_form && printcmd) {
 			printf("%s", query->lookup->cmdline);
 		}
 		query->lookup->cmdline[0] = '\0';
 	}
 	debug("printmessage(%s %s %s)", headers ? "headers" : "noheaders",
 	      query->lookup->comments ? "comments" : "nocomments",
-	      short_form    ? "short_form"
+	      short_form ? "short_form" : "long_form");
 	      : dns64prefix ? "dns64prefix_form"
 			    : "long_form");
 	flags = 0;
 	if (!headers) {
@@ -695,6 +642,7 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 	if (yaml) {
 		enum { Q = 0x1, R = 0x2 }; /* Q:query; R:ecursive */
 		unsigned int tflag = 0;
 		isc_sockaddr_t saddr;
 		char sockstr[ISC_SOCKADDR_FORMATSIZE];
 		uint16_t sport;
 		char *hash;
@@ -727,25 +675,15 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 		if (!isc_time_isepoch(&query->time_sent)) {
 			char tbuf[100];
-			if (query->lookup->use_usec) {
+			isc_time_formatISO8601ms(&query->time_sent, tbuf,
-				isc_time_formatISO8601us(&query->time_sent,
+						 sizeof(tbuf));
 							 tbuf, sizeof(tbuf));
 			} else {
 				isc_time_formatISO8601ms(&query->time_sent,
 							 tbuf, sizeof(tbuf));
 			}
 			printf("    query_time: !!timestamp %s\n", tbuf);
 		}
 		if (!isquery && !isc_time_isepoch(&query->time_recv)) {
 			char tbuf[100];
-			if (query->lookup->use_usec) {
+			isc_time_formatISO8601ms(&query->time_recv, tbuf,
-				isc_time_formatISO8601us(&query->time_recv,
+						 sizeof(tbuf));
 							 tbuf, sizeof(tbuf));
 			} else {
 				isc_time_formatISO8601ms(&query->time_recv,
 							 tbuf, sizeof(tbuf));
 			}
 			printf("    response_time: !!timestamp %s\n", tbuf);
 		}
@@ -775,9 +713,10 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 			printf("    response_port: %u\n", sport);
 		}
-		if (query->handle != NULL) {
+		if (query->sock != NULL &&
-			isc_sockaddr_t saddr =
+		    isc_socket_getsockname(query->sock, &saddr) ==
-				isc_nmhandle_localaddr(query->handle);
+			    ISC_R_SUCCESS)
 		{
 			sport = isc_sockaddr_getport(&saddr);
 			isc_sockaddr_format(&saddr, sockstr, sizeof(sockstr));
 			hash = strchr(sockstr, '#');
@@ -795,7 +734,7 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 		printf("    %s:\n", isquery ? "query_message_data"
 					    : "response_message_data");
 		result = dns_message_headertotext(msg, style, flags, buf);
-	} else if (query->lookup->comments && !short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+	} else if (query->lookup->comments && !short_form) {
 		if (query->lookup->cmdline[0] != '\0' && printcmd) {
 			printf("; %s\n", query->lookup->cmdline);
 		}
@@ -876,7 +815,7 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 repopulate_buffer:
-	if (query->lookup->comments && headers && !short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+	if (query->lookup->comments && headers && !short_form) {
 		result = dns_message_pseudosectiontotext(
 			msg, DNS_PSEUDOSECTION_OPT, style, flags, buf);
 		if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
@@ -890,7 +829,7 @@ repopulate_buffer:
 	}
 	if (query->lookup->section_question && headers) {
-		if (!short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+		if (!short_form) {
 			result = dns_message_sectiontotext(
 				msg, DNS_SECTION_QUESTION, style, flags, buf);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
@@ -900,18 +839,13 @@ repopulate_buffer:
 		}
 	}
 	if (query->lookup->section_answer) {
-		if (!short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+		if (!short_form) {
 			result = dns_message_sectiontotext(
 				msg, DNS_SECTION_ANSWER, style, flags, buf);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
 				goto buftoosmall;
 			}
 			check_result(result, "dns_message_sectiontotext");
 		} else if (dns64prefix) {
 			result = dns64prefix_answer(msg, buf);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE)
 				goto buftoosmall;
 			check_result(result, "dns64prefix_answer");
 		} else {
 			result = short_answer(msg, flags, buf, query);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
@@ -921,7 +855,7 @@ repopulate_buffer:
 		}
 	}
 	if (query->lookup->section_authority) {
-		if (!short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+		if (!short_form) {
 			result = dns_message_sectiontotext(
 				msg, DNS_SECTION_AUTHORITY, style, flags, buf);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
@@ -931,7 +865,7 @@ repopulate_buffer:
 		}
 	}
 	if (query->lookup->section_additional) {
-		if (!short_form && !dns64prefix) {
+		if (!short_form) {
 			result = dns_message_sectiontotext(
 				msg, DNS_SECTION_ADDITIONAL, style, flags, buf);
 			if (result == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
@@ -973,9 +907,6 @@ repopulate_buffer:
 	if (style != NULL) {
 		dns_master_styledestroy(&style, mctx);
 	}
 	dig_idnsetup(query->lookup, false);
 	return (result);
 }
@@ -1025,9 +956,8 @@ printgreeting(int argc, char **argv, dig_lookup_t *lookup) {
 * XXX doc options
 */
-static dig_lookup_t *
+static void
-plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
+plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, dig_lookup_t *lookup) {
 	    dig_lookup_t *lookup) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	char *cmd, *value, *last = NULL, *code, *extra;
 	uint32_t num;
@@ -1038,7 +968,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 	if ((cmd = strtok_r(option, "=", &last)) == NULL) {
 		printf(";; Invalid option %s\n", option);
-		return (lookup);
+		return;
 	}
 	if (strncasecmp(cmd, "no", 2) == 0) {
 		cmd += 2;
@@ -1060,17 +990,6 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 		    (_l >= sizeof(B) || strncasecmp(cmd, B, _l) != 0))   \
 			goto invalid_option;                             \
 	} while (0)
 #define FULLCHECK6(A, B, C, D, E, F)                                     \
 	do {                                                             \
 		size_t _l = strlen(cmd);                                 \
 		if ((_l >= sizeof(A) || strncasecmp(cmd, A, _l) != 0) && \
 		    (_l >= sizeof(B) || strncasecmp(cmd, B, _l) != 0) && \
 		    (_l >= sizeof(C) || strncasecmp(cmd, C, _l) != 0) && \
 		    (_l >= sizeof(D) || strncasecmp(cmd, D, _l) != 0) && \
 		    (_l >= sizeof(E) || strncasecmp(cmd, E, _l) != 0) && \
 		    (_l >= sizeof(F) || strncasecmp(cmd, F, _l) != 0))   \
 			goto invalid_option;                             \
 	} while (0)
 	switch (cmd[0]) {
 	case 'a':
@@ -1128,13 +1047,12 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 			break;
 		case 'u': /* bufsize */
 			FULLCHECK("bufsize");
 			if (value == NULL) {
 				goto need_value;
 			}
 			if (!state) {
 				goto invalid_option;
 			}
 			if (value == NULL) {
 				lookup->udpsize = DEFAULT_EDNS_BUFSIZE;
 				break;
 			}
 			result = parse_uint(&num, value, COMMSIZE,
 					    "buffer size");
 			if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
@@ -1181,7 +1099,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 			case 'o': /* cookie */
 				FULLCHECK("cookie");
 				if (state && lookup->edns == -1) {
-					lookup->edns = DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
+					lookup->edns = 0;
 				}
 				lookup->sendcookie = state;
 				if (value != NULL) {
@@ -1216,57 +1134,13 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 				usesearch = state;
 			}
 			break;
-		case 'n':
+		case 'n': /* dnssec */
-			switch (cmd[2]) {
+			FULLCHECK("dnssec");
-			case 's':
+		dnssec:
-				switch (cmd[3]) {
+			if (state && lookup->edns == -1) {
-				case '6': /* dns64prefix */
+				lookup->edns = 0;
 					FULLCHECK("dns64prefix");
 					if (state) {
 						if (*need_clone) {
 							lookup = clone_lookup(
 								default_lookup,
 								true);
 						}
 						*need_clone = true;
 						lookup->dns64prefix = state;
 						strlcpy(lookup->textname,
 							"ipv4only.arpa",
 							sizeof(lookup->textname));
 						printcmd = false;
 						lookup->section_additional =
 							false;
 						lookup->section_answer = true;
 						lookup->section_authority =
 							false;
 						lookup->section_question =
 							false;
 						lookup->comments = false;
 						lookup->stats = false;
 						lookup->rrcomments = -1;
 						lookup->rdtype =
 							dns_rdatatype_aaaa;
 						lookup->rdtypeset = true;
 						ISC_LIST_APPEND(lookup_list,
 								lookup, link);
 					}
 					break;
 				case 's': /* dnssec */
 					FULLCHECK("dnssec");
 				dnssec:
 					if (state && lookup->edns == -1) {
 						lookup->edns =
 							DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
 					}
 					lookup->dnssec = state;
 					break;
 				default:
 					goto invalid_option;
 				}
 				break;
 			default:
 				goto invalid_option;
 			}
 			lookup->dnssec = state;
 			break;
 		case 'o': /* domain ... but treat "do" as synonym for dnssec */
 			if (cmd[2] == '\0') {
@@ -1316,8 +1190,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 							break;
 						}
 						if (value == NULL) {
-							lookup->edns =
+							lookup->edns = 0;
 								DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
 							break;
 						}
 						result = parse_uint(&num, value,
@@ -1417,90 +1290,8 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 		lookup->servfail_stops = state;
 		break;
 	case 'h':
-		switch (cmd[1]) {
+		FULLCHECK("header-only");
-		case 'e': /* header-only */
+		lookup->header_only = state;
 			FULLCHECK("header-only");
 			lookup->header_only = state;
 			break;
 		case 't':
 			FULLCHECK6("https", "https-get", "https-post",
 				   "http-plain", "http-plain-get",
 				   "http-plain-post");
 #if HAVE_LIBNGHTTP2
 			if (lookup->https_path != NULL) {
 				isc_mem_free(mctx, lookup->https_path);
 				lookup->https_path = NULL;
 			}
 			if (!state) {
 				lookup->https_mode = false;
 				break;
 			}
 			lookup->https_mode = true;
 			if (cmd[4] == '-') {
 				lookup->http_plain = true;
 				switch (cmd[10]) {
 				case '\0':
 					FULLCHECK("http-plain");
 					break;
 				case '-':
 					switch (cmd[6]) {
 					case 'p':
 						FULLCHECK("https-plain-post");
 						break;
 					case 'g':
 						FULLCHECK("https-plain-get");
 						lookup->https_get = true;
 						break;
 					}
 					break;
 				default:
 					goto invalid_option;
 				}
 			} else {
 				switch (cmd[5]) {
 				case '\0':
 					FULLCHECK("https");
 					break;
 				case '-':
 					switch (cmd[6]) {
 					case 'p':
 						FULLCHECK("https-post");
 						break;
 					case 'g':
 						FULLCHECK("https-get");
 						lookup->https_get = true;
 						break;
 					}
 					break;
 				default:
 					goto invalid_option;
 				}
 			}
 			if (!lookup->tcp_mode_set) {
 				lookup->tcp_mode = state;
 			}
 			if (value == NULL) {
 				lookup->https_path = isc_mem_strdup(
 					mctx, ISC_NM_HTTP_DEFAULT_PATH);
 			} else {
 				if (!isc_nm_http_path_isvalid(value)) {
 					fprintf(stderr,
 						";; The given HTTP path \"%s\" "
 						"is not "
 						"a valid absolute path\n",
 						value);
 					goto invalid_option;
 				}
 				lookup->https_path = isc_mem_strdup(mctx,
 								    value);
 			}
 #else
 			fprintf(stderr, ";; DoH support not enabled\n");
 #endif
 			break;
 		default:
 			goto invalid_option;
 		}
 		break;
 	case 'i':
 		switch (cmd[1]) {
@@ -1614,7 +1405,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 			case 'i': /* nsid */
 				FULLCHECK("nsid");
 				if (state && lookup->edns == -1) {
-					lookup->edns = DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
+					lookup->edns = 0;
 				}
 				lookup->nsid = state;
 				break;
@@ -1684,7 +1475,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 	case 'p':
 		FULLCHECK("padding");
 		if (state && lookup->edns == -1) {
-			lookup->edns = DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
+			lookup->edns = 0;
 		}
 		if (value == NULL) {
 			goto need_value;
@@ -1803,20 +1594,10 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 				}
 				break;
 			case 'w': /* showsearch */
-				switch (cmd[4]) {
+				FULLCHECK("showsearch");
-				case 'b':
+				if (!lookup->trace) {
-					FULLCHECK("showbadcookie");
+					showsearch = state;
-					lookup->showbadcookie = state;
+					usesearch = state;
 					break;
 				case 's':
 					FULLCHECK("showsearch");
 					if (!lookup->trace) {
 						showsearch = state;
 						usesearch = state;
 					}
 					break;
 				default:
 					goto invalid_option;
 				}
 				break;
 			default:
@@ -1880,7 +1661,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 				break;
 			}
 			if (lookup->edns == -1) {
-				lookup->edns = DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
+				lookup->edns = 0;
 			}
 			if (lookup->ecs_addr != NULL) {
 				isc_mem_free(mctx, lookup->ecs_addr);
@@ -1933,13 +1714,6 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 				timeout = 1;
 			}
 			break;
 		case 'l':
 			FULLCHECK("tls");
 			lookup->tls_mode = state;
 			if (!lookup->tcp_mode_set) {
 				lookup->tcp_mode = state;
 			}
 			break;
 		case 'o':
 			FULLCHECK("topdown");
 			fprintf(stderr, ";; +topdown option is deprecated");
@@ -2023,8 +1797,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 			switch (cmd[2]) {
 			case 'e':
 				FULLCHECK("unexpected");
-				fprintf(stderr, ";; +unexpected option "
+				lookup->accept_reply_unexpected_src = state;
 						"is deprecated");
 				break;
 			case 'k':
 				FULLCHECK("unknownformat");
@@ -2068,7 +1841,7 @@ plus_option(char *option, bool is_batchfile, bool *need_clone,
 		fprintf(stderr, "Invalid option: +%s\n", option);
 		usage();
 	}
-	return (lookup);
+	return;
 #if !TARGET_OS_IPHONE
 exit_or_usage:
@@ -2194,10 +1967,10 @@ dash_option(char *option, char *next, dig_lookup_t **lookup,
 			srcport = 0;
 		}
 		if (have_ipv6 && inet_pton(AF_INET6, value, &in6) == 1) {
-			isc_sockaddr_fromin6(&localaddr, &in6, srcport);
+			isc_sockaddr_fromin6(&bind_address, &in6, srcport);
 			isc_net_disableipv4();
 		} else if (have_ipv4 && inet_pton(AF_INET, value, &in4) == 1) {
-			isc_sockaddr_fromin(&localaddr, &in4, srcport);
+			isc_sockaddr_fromin(&bind_address, &in4, srcport);
 			isc_net_disableipv6();
 		} else {
 			if (hash != NULL) {
@@ -2241,7 +2014,6 @@ dash_option(char *option, char *next, dig_lookup_t **lookup,
 			fatal("Couldn't parse port number");
 		}
 		port = num;
 		port_set = true;
 		return (value_from_next);
 	case 'q':
 		if (!config_only) {
@@ -2438,20 +2210,16 @@ preparse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
 			continue;
 		}
 		/* Look for dash value option. */
-		if (strpbrk(option, dash_opts) != &option[0]) {
+		if (strpbrk(option, dash_opts) != &option[0] ||
-			goto invalid_option;
+		    strlen(option) > 1U) {
-		}
+			/* Error or value in option. */
 		if (strlen(option) > 1U) {
 			/* value in option. */
 			continue;
 		}
 		/* Dash value is next argument so we need to skip it. */
 		rc--, rv++;
 		/* Handle missing argument */
 		if (rc == 0) {
-		invalid_option:
+			break;
 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid option: -%s\n", option);
 			usage();
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -2508,7 +2276,7 @@ parse_args(bool is_batchfile, bool config_only, int argc, char **argv) {
 		debug("making new lookup");
 		default_lookup = make_empty_lookup();
 		default_lookup->adflag = true;
-		default_lookup->edns = DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION;
+		default_lookup->edns = 0;
 		default_lookup->sendcookie = true;
 #ifndef NOPOSIX
@@ -2583,8 +2351,7 @@ parse_args(bool is_batchfile, bool config_only, int argc, char **argv) {
 				}
 			}
 		} else if (rv[0][0] == '+') {
-			lookup = plus_option(&rv[0][1], is_batchfile,
+			plus_option(&rv[0][1], is_batchfile, lookup);
 					     &need_clone, lookup);
 		} else if (rv[0][0] == '-') {
 			if (rc <= 1) {
 				if (dash_option(&rv[0][1], NULL, &lookup,
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 .. _man_dig:
 dig - DNS lookup utility
------------------------
+----------------------------------
 Synopsis
 ~~~~~~~~
@@ -40,33 +40,33 @@ Description
 ``dig`` is a flexible tool for interrogating DNS name servers. It
 performs DNS lookups and displays the answers that are returned from the
 name server(s) that were queried. Most DNS administrators use ``dig`` to
-troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use, and
+troubleshoot DNS problems because of its flexibility, ease of use and
 clarity of output. Other lookup tools tend to have less functionality
 than ``dig``.
 Although ``dig`` is normally used with command-line arguments, it also
 has a batch mode of operation for reading lookup requests from a file. A
 brief summary of its command-line arguments and options is printed when
-the ``-h`` option is given. The BIND 9
+the ``-h`` option is given. Unlike earlier versions, the BIND 9
 implementation of ``dig`` allows multiple lookups to be issued from the
 command line.
-Unless it is told to query a specific name server, ``dig`` tries each
+Unless it is told to query a specific name server, ``dig`` will try each
 of the servers listed in ``/etc/resolv.conf``. If no usable server
-addresses are found, ``dig`` sends the query to the local host.
+addresses are found, ``dig`` will send the query to the local host.
-When no command-line arguments or options are given, ``dig``
+When no command line arguments or options are given, ``dig`` will
-performs an NS query for "." (the root).
+perform an NS query for "." (the root).
 It is possible to set per-user defaults for ``dig`` via
 ``${HOME}/.digrc``. This file is read and any options in it are applied
-before the command-line arguments. The ``-r`` option disables this
+before the command line arguments. The ``-r`` option disables this
-feature, for scripts that need predictable behavior.
+feature, for scripts that need predictable behaviour.
-The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top-level domain
+The IN and CH class names overlap with the IN and CH top level domain
 names. Either use the ``-t`` and ``-c`` options to specify the type and
-class, use the ``-q`` to specify the domain name, or use "IN." and
+class, use the ``-q`` the specify the domain name, or use "IN." and
-"CH." when looking up these top-level domains.
+"CH." when looking up these top level domains.
 Simple Usage
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -90,110 +90,110 @@ where:
   ``/etc/resolv.conf``; if an address is found there, it queries the
   name server at that address. If either of the ``-4`` or ``-6``
   options are in use, then only addresses for the corresponding
-   transport are tried. If no usable addresses are found, ``dig``
+   transport will be tried. If no usable addresses are found, ``dig``
-   sends the query to the local host. The reply from the name server
+   will send the query to the local host. The reply from the name server
   that responds is displayed.
 ``name``
   is the name of the resource record that is to be looked up.
 ``type``
-   indicates what type of query is required - ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
+   indicates what type of query is required MDASH ANY, A, MX, SIG, etc.
   ``type`` can be any valid query type. If no ``type`` argument is
-   supplied, ``dig`` performs a lookup for an A record.
+   supplied, ``dig`` will perform a lookup for an A record.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-4``
+**-4**
-   This option indicates that only IPv4 should be used.
+   Use IPv4 only.
-``-6``
+**-6**
-   This option indicates that only IPv6 should be used.
+   Use IPv6 only.
-``-b address[#port]``
+**-b** address[#port]
-   This option sets the source IP address of the query. The ``address`` must be a
+   Set the source IP address of the query. The ``address`` must be a
   valid address on one of the host's network interfaces, or "0.0.0.0"
-   or "::". An optional port may be specified by appending ``#port``.
+   or "::". An optional port may be specified by appending "#<port>"
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option sets the query class. The default ``class`` is IN; other classes are
+   Set the query class. The default ``class`` is IN; other classes are
   HS for Hesiod records or CH for Chaosnet records.
-``-f file``
+**-f** file
-   This option sets batch mode, in which ``dig`` reads a list of lookup requests to process from
+   Batch mode: ``dig`` reads a list of lookup requests to process from
   the given ``file``. Each line in the file should be organized in the
-   same way it would be presented as a query to ``dig`` using the
+   same way they would be presented as queries to ``dig`` using the
   command-line interface.
-``-k keyfile``
+**-k** keyfile
-   This option tells ``named`` to sign queries using TSIG using a key read from the given file. Key
+   Sign queries using TSIG using a key read from the given file. Key
-   files can be generated using ``tsig-keygen``. When using TSIG
+   files can be generated using tsig-keygen8. When using TSIG
   authentication with ``dig``, the name server that is queried needs to
   know the key and algorithm that is being used. In BIND, this is done
   by providing appropriate ``key`` and ``server`` statements in
   ``named.conf``.
-``-m``
+**-m**
-   This option enables memory usage debugging.
+   Enable memory usage debugging.
-``-p port``
+**-p** port
-   This option sends the query to a non-standard port on the server, instead of the
+   Send the query to a non-standard port on the server, instead of the
-   default port 53. This option is used to test a name server that
+   default port 53. This option would be used to test a name server that
   has been configured to listen for queries on a non-standard port
   number.
-``-q name``
+**-q** name
-   This option specifies the domain name to query. This is useful to distinguish the ``name``
+   The domain name to query. This is useful to distinguish the ``name``
   from other arguments.
-``-r``
+**-r**
-   This option indicates that options from ``${HOME}/.digrc`` should not be read. This is useful for
+   Do not read options from ``${HOME}/.digrc``. This is useful for
-   scripts that need predictable behavior.
+   scripts that need predictable behaviour.
-``-t type``
+**-t** type
-   This option indicates the resource record type to query, which can be any valid query type. If
+   The resource record type to query. It can be any valid query type. If
   it is a resource record type supported in BIND 9, it can be given by
-   the type mnemonic (such as ``NS`` or ``AAAA``). The default query type is
+   the type mnemonic (such as "NS" or "AAAA"). The default query type is
-   ``A``, unless the ``-x`` option is supplied to indicate a reverse
+   "A", unless the ``-x`` option is supplied to indicate a reverse
   lookup. A zone transfer can be requested by specifying a type of
   AXFR. When an incremental zone transfer (IXFR) is required, set the
-   ``type`` to ``ixfr=N``. The incremental zone transfer contains
+   ``type`` to ``ixfr=N``. The incremental zone transfer will contain
-   all changes made to the zone since the serial number in the zone's
+   the changes made to the zone since the serial number in the zone's
   SOA record was ``N``.
-   All resource record types can be expressed as ``TYPEnn``, where ``nn`` is
+   All resource record types can be expressed as "TYPEnn", where "nn" is
   the number of the type. If the resource record type is not supported
-   in BIND 9, the result is displayed as described in :rfc:`3597`.
+   in BIND 9, the result will be displayed as described in :rfc:`3597`.
-``-u``
+**-u**
-   This option indicates that print query times should be provided in microseconds instead of milliseconds.
+   Print query times in microseconds instead of milliseconds.
-``-v``
+**-v**
-   This option prints the version number and exits.
+   Print the version number and exit.
-``-x addr``
+**-x** addr
-   This option sets simplified reverse lookups, for mapping addresses to names. The
+   Simplified reverse lookups, for mapping addresses to names. The
   ``addr`` is an IPv4 address in dotted-decimal notation, or a
-   colon-delimited IPv6 address. When the ``-x`` option is used, there is no
+   colon-delimited IPv6 address. When the ``-x`` is used, there is no
-   need to provide the ``name``, ``class``, and ``type`` arguments.
+   need to provide the ``name``, ``class`` and ``type`` arguments.
   ``dig`` automatically performs a lookup for a name like
   ``94.2.0.192.in-addr.arpa`` and sets the query type and class to PTR
   and IN respectively. IPv6 addresses are looked up using nibble format
   under the IP6.ARPA domain.
-``-y [hmac:]keyname:secret``
+**-y** [hmac:]keyname:secret
-   This option signs queries using TSIG with the given authentication key.
+   Sign queries using TSIG with the given authentication key.
-   ``keyname`` is the name of the key, and ``secret`` is the
+   ``keyname`` is the name of the key, and ``secret`` is the base64
-   base64-encoded shared secret. ``hmac`` is the name of the key algorithm;
+   encoded shared secret. ``hmac`` is the name of the key algorithm;
   valid choices are ``hmac-md5``, ``hmac-sha1``, ``hmac-sha224``,
   ``hmac-sha256``, ``hmac-sha384``, or ``hmac-sha512``. If ``hmac`` is
-   not specified, the default is ``hmac-md5``; if MD5 was disabled, the default is
+   not specified, the default is ``hmac-md5`` or if MD5 was disabled
   ``hmac-sha256``.
-.. note:: Only the ``-k`` option should be used, rather than the ``-y`` option,
+.. note:: You should use the ``-k`` option and avoid the ``-y`` option,
-   because with ``-y`` the shared secret is supplied as a command-line
+   because with ``-y`` the shared secret is supplied as a command line
-   argument in clear text. This may be visible in the output from ``ps1`` or
+   argument in clear text. This may be visible in the output from ps1 or
   in a history file maintained by the user's shell.
 Query Options
@@ -206,329 +206,297 @@ answer get printed, and others determine the timeout and retry
 strategies.
 Each query option is identified by a keyword preceded by a plus sign
-(``+``). Some keywords set or reset an option; these may be preceded by
+(``+``). Some keywords set or reset an option. These may be preceded by
 the string ``no`` to negate the meaning of that keyword. Other keywords
-assign values to options, like the timeout interval. They have the form
+assign values to options like the timeout interval. They have the form
 ``+keyword=value``. Keywords may be abbreviated, provided the
 abbreviation is unambiguous; for example, ``+cd`` is equivalent to
 ``+cdflag``. The query options are:
 ``+[no]aaflag``
-   This option is a synonym for ``+[no]aaonly``.
+   A synonym for ``+[no]aaonly``.
 ``+[no]aaonly``
-   This option sets the ``aa`` flag in the query.
+   Sets the "aa" flag in the query.
 ``+[no]additional``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the additional section of a reply. The
+   Display [do not display] the additional section of a reply. The
   default is to display it.
 ``+[no]adflag``
-   This option sets [or does not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the query. This
+   Set [do not set] the AD (authentic data) bit in the query. This
   requests the server to return whether all of the answer and authority
-   sections have been validated as secure, according to the security
+   sections have all been validated as secure according to the security
-   policy of the server. ``AD=1`` indicates that all records have been
+   policy of the server. AD=1 indicates that all records have been
-   validated as secure and the answer is not from a OPT-OUT range. ``AD=0``
+   validated as secure and the answer is not from a OPT-OUT range. AD=0
-   indicates that some part of the answer was insecure or not validated.
+   indicate that some part of the answer was insecure or not validated.
   This bit is set by default.
 ``+[no]all``
-   This option sets or clears all display flags.
+   Set or clear all display flags.
 ``+[no]answer``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the answer section of a reply. The default
+   Display [do not display] the answer section of a reply. The default
   is to display it.
 ``+[no]authority``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the authority section of a reply. The
+   Display [do not display] the authority section of a reply. The
   default is to display it.
 ``+[no]badcookie``
-   This option retries the lookup with a new server cookie if a BADCOOKIE response is
+   Retry lookup with the new server cookie if a BADCOOKIE response is
   received.
 ``+[no]besteffort``
-   This option attempts to display the contents of messages which are malformed. The
+   Attempt to display the contents of messages which are malformed. The
   default is to not display malformed answers.
-``+bufsize[=B]``
+``+bufsize=B``
-   This option sets the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to
+   Set the UDP message buffer size advertised using EDNS0 to ``B``
-   ``B`` bytes.  The maximum and minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and
+   bytes. The maximum and minimum sizes of this buffer are 65535 and 0
-   0, respectively.  ``+bufsize`` restores the default buffer size.
+   respectively. Values outside this range are rounded up or down
   appropriately. Values other than zero will cause a EDNS query to be
   sent.
 ``+[no]cdflag``
-   This option sets [or does not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query. This
+   Set [do not set] the CD (checking disabled) bit in the query. This
   requests the server to not perform DNSSEC validation of responses.
 ``+[no]class``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the CLASS when printing the record.
+   Display [do not display] the CLASS when printing the record.
 ``+[no]cmd``
-   This option toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output, identifying the
+   Toggles the printing of the initial comment in the output, identifying the
-   version of ``dig`` and the query options that have been applied. This option
+   version of ``dig`` and the query options that have been applied.  This option
-   always has a global effect; it cannot be set globally and then overridden on a
+   always has global effect; it cannot be set globally and then overridden on a
-   per-lookup basis. The default is to print this comment.
+   per-lookup basis.  The default is to print this comment.
 ``+[no]comments``
-   This option toggles the display of some comment lines in the output, with
+   Toggles the display of some comment lines in the output, containing
   information about the packet header and OPT pseudosection, and the names of
-   the response section. The default is to print these comments.
+   the response section.  The default is to print these comments.
   Other types of comments in the output are not affected by this option, but
-   can be controlled using other command-line switches. These include
+   can be controlled using other command line switches. These include
   ``+[no]cmd``, ``+[no]question``, ``+[no]stats``, and ``+[no]rrcomments``.
 ``+[no]cookie=####``
-   This option sends [or does not send] a COOKIE EDNS option, with an optional value. Replaying a COOKIE
+   Send a COOKIE EDNS option, with optional value. Replaying a COOKIE
-   from a previous response allows the server to identify a previous
+   from a previous response will allow the server to identify a previous
   client. The default is ``+cookie``.
-   ``+cookie`` is also set when ``+trace`` is set to better emulate the
+   ``+cookie`` is also set when +trace is set to better emulate the
   default queries from a nameserver.
 ``+[no]crypto``
-   This option toggles the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. The
+   Toggle the display of cryptographic fields in DNSSEC records. The
-   contents of these fields are unnecessary for debugging most DNSSEC
+   contents of these field are unnecessary to debug most DNSSEC
   validation failures and removing them makes it easier to see the
-   common failures. The default is to display the fields. When omitted,
+   common failures. The default is to display the fields. When omitted
-   they are replaced by the string ``[omitted]`` or, in the DNSKEY case, the
+   they are replaced by the string "[omitted]" or in the DNSKEY case the
-   key ID is displayed as the replacement, e.g. ``[ key id = value ]``.
+   key id is displayed as the replacement, e.g. "[ key id = value ]".
 ``+[no]defname``
-   This option, which is deprecated, is treated as a synonym for ``+[no]search``.
+   Deprecated, treated as a synonym for ``+[no]search``
 ``+[no]dns64prefix``
   Lookup IPV4ONLY.ARPA AAAA and print any DNS64 prefixes found.
 ``+[no]dnssec``
-   This option requests that DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK (DO) bit in
+   Requests DNSSEC records be sent by setting the DNSSEC OK bit (DO) in
   the OPT record in the additional section of the query.
 ``+domain=somename``
-   This option sets the search list to contain the single domain ``somename``, as if
+   Set the search list to contain the single domain ``somename``, as if
   specified in a ``domain`` directive in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, and
-   enables search list processing as if the ``+search`` option were
+   enable search list processing as if the ``+search`` option were
   given.
 ``+dscp=value``
-   This option sets the DSCP code point to be used when sending the query. Valid DSCP
+   Set the DSCP code point to be used when sending the query. Valid DSCP
-   code points are in the range [0...63]. By default no code point is
+   code points are in the range [0..63]. By default no code point is
   explicitly set.
 ``+[no]edns[=#]``
-   This option specifies the EDNS version to query with. Valid values are 0 to 255.
+   Specify the EDNS version to query with. Valid values are 0 to 255.
-   Setting the EDNS version causes an EDNS query to be sent.
+   Setting the EDNS version will cause a EDNS query to be sent.
   ``+noedns`` clears the remembered EDNS version. EDNS is set to 0 by
   default.
 ``+[no]ednsflags[=#]``
-   This option sets the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the specified value.
+   Set the must-be-zero EDNS flags bits (Z bits) to the specified value.
-   Decimal, hex, and octal encodings are accepted. Setting a named flag
+   Decimal, hex and octal encodings are accepted. Setting a named flag
-   (e.g., DO) is silently ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
+   (e.g. DO) will silently be ignored. By default, no Z bits are set.
 ``+[no]ednsnegotiation``
-   This option enables/disables EDNS version negotiation. By default, EDNS version
+   Enable / disable EDNS version negotiation. By default EDNS version
   negotiation is enabled.
 ``+[no]ednsopt[=code[:value]]``
-   This option specifies the EDNS option with code point ``code`` and an optional payload
+   Specify EDNS option with code point ``code`` and optionally payload
   of ``value`` as a hexadecimal string. ``code`` can be either an EDNS
-   option name (for example, ``NSID`` or ``ECS``) or an arbitrary
+   option name (for example, ``NSID`` or ``ECS``), or an arbitrary
   numeric value. ``+noednsopt`` clears the EDNS options to be sent.
 ``+[no]expire``
-   This option sends an EDNS Expire option.
+   Send an EDNS Expire option.
 ``+[no]fail``
-   This option indicates that ``named`` should try [or not try] the next server if a SERVFAIL is received. The default is
+   Do not try the next server if you receive a SERVFAIL. The default is
-   to not try the next server, which is the reverse of normal stub
+   to not try the next server which is the reverse of normal stub
   resolver behavior.
 ``+[no]header-only``
-   This option sends a query with a DNS header without a question section. The
+   Send a query with a DNS header without a question section. The
   default is to add a question section. The query type and query name
   are ignored when this is set.
 ``+[no]https[=value]``
   This option indicates whether to use DNS-over-HTTPS (DoH) when querying
   name servers.  When this option is in use, the port number defaults to 443.
   The HTTP POST request mode is used when sending the query.
   If ``value`` is specified, it will be used as the HTTP endpoint in the
   query URI; the default is ``/dns-query``. So, for example, ``dig
   @example.com +https`` will use the URI ``https://example.com/dns-query``.
 ``+[no]https-get[=value]``
   Similar to ``+https``, except that the HTTP GET request mode is used
   when sending the query.
 ``+[no]https-post[=value]``
   Same as ``+https``.
 ``+[no]http-plain[=value]``
   Similar to ``+https``, except that HTTP queries will be sent over a
   non-encrypted channel. When this option is in use, the port number
   defaults to 80 and the HTTP request mode is POST.
 ``+[no]http-plain-get[=value]``
   Similar to ``+http-plain``, except that the HTTP request mode is GET.
 ``+[no]http-plain-post[=value]``
   Same as ``+http-plain``.
 ``+[no]identify``
-   This option shows [or does not show] the IP address and port number that
+   Show [or do not show] the IP address and port number that supplied
-   supplied the answer, when the ``+short`` option is enabled. If short
+   the answer when the ``+short`` option is enabled. If short form
-   form answers are requested, the default is not to show the source
+   answers are requested, the default is not to show the source address
-   address and port number of the server that provided the answer.
+   and port number of the server that provided the answer.
 ``+[no]idnin``
-   This option processes [or does not process] IDN domain names on input. This requires
+   Process [do not process] IDN domain names on input. This requires IDN
-   ``IDN SUPPORT`` to have been enabled at compile time.
+   SUPPORT to have been enabled at compile time.
   The default is to process IDN input when standard output is a tty.
-   The IDN processing on input is disabled when ``dig`` output is redirected
+   The IDN processing on input is disabled when dig output is redirected
   to files, pipes, and other non-tty file descriptors.
 ``+[no]idnout``
-   This option converts [or does not convert] puny code on output. This requires
+   Convert [do not convert] puny code on output. This requires IDN
-   ``IDN SUPPORT`` to have been enabled at compile time.
+   SUPPORT to have been enabled at compile time.
   The default is to process puny code on output when standard output is
-   a tty. The puny code processing on output is disabled when ``dig`` output
+   a tty. The puny code processing on output is disabled when dig output
   is redirected to files, pipes, and other non-tty file descriptors.
 ``+[no]ignore``
-   This option ignores [or does not ignore] truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP. By
+   Ignore truncation in UDP responses instead of retrying with TCP. By
   default, TCP retries are performed.
 ``+[no]keepalive``
-   This option sends [or does not send] an EDNS Keepalive option.
+   Send [or do not send] an EDNS Keepalive option.
 ``+[no]keepopen``
-   This option keeps [or does not keep] the TCP socket open between queries, and reuses it rather than
+   Keep the TCP socket open between queries and reuse it rather than
   creating a new TCP socket for each lookup. The default is
   ``+nokeepopen``.
 ``+[no]mapped``
-   This option allows [or does not allow] mapped IPv4-over-IPv6 addresses to be used. The default is
+   Allow mapped IPv4 over IPv6 addresses to be used. The default is
   ``+mapped``.
 ``+[no]multiline``
-   This option prints [or does not print] records, like the SOA records, in a verbose multi-line format
+   Print records like the SOA records in a verbose multi-line format
   with human-readable comments. The default is to print each record on
-   a single line to facilitate machine parsing of the ``dig`` output.
+   a single line, to facilitate machine parsing of the ``dig`` output.
 ``+ndots=D``
-   This option sets the number of dots (``D``) that must appear in ``name`` for
+   Set the number of dots that have to appear in ``name`` to ``D`` for
   it to be considered absolute. The default value is that defined using
-   the ``ndots`` statement in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, or 1 if no ``ndots``
+   the ndots statement in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, or 1 if no ndots
   statement is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as
-   relative names, and are searched for in the domains listed in the
+   relative names and will be searched for in the domains listed in the
   ``search`` or ``domain`` directive in ``/etc/resolv.conf`` if
   ``+search`` is set.
 ``+[no]nsid``
-   When enabled, this option includes an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
+   Include an EDNS name server ID request when sending a query.
 ``+[no]nssearch``
   When this option is set, ``dig`` attempts to find the authoritative
-   name servers for the zone containing the name being looked up, and
+   name servers for the zone containing the name being looked up and
   display the SOA record that each name server has for the zone.
-   Addresses of servers that did not respond are also printed.
+   Addresses of servers that that did not respond are also printed.
 ``+[no]onesoa``
-   When enabled, this option prints only one (starting) SOA record when performing an AXFR. The
+   Print only one (starting) SOA record when performing an AXFR. The
   default is to print both the starting and ending SOA records.
 ``+[no]opcode=value``
-   When enabled, this option sets (restores) the DNS message opcode to the specified value. The
+   Set [restore] the DNS message opcode to the specified value. The
   default value is QUERY (0).
 ``+padding=value``
-   This option pads the size of the query packet using the EDNS Padding option to
+   Pad the size of the query packet using the EDNS Padding option to
-   blocks of ``value`` bytes. For example, ``+padding=32`` causes a
+   blocks of ``value`` bytes. For example, ``+padding=32`` would cause a
   48-byte query to be padded to 64 bytes. The default block size is 0,
-   which disables padding; the maximum is 512. Values are ordinarily
+   which disables padding. The maximum is 512. Values are ordinarily
   expected to be powers of two, such as 128; however, this is not
   mandatory. Responses to padded queries may also be padded, but only
   if the query uses TCP or DNS COOKIE.
 ``+qid=value``
-   This option specifies the query ID to use when sending queries.
+ 
   Specify the query ID to use when sending queries.
 ``+[no]qr``
-   This option toggles the display of the query message as it is sent. By default, the query
+   Toggles the display of the query message as it is sent. By default, the query
   is not printed.
 ``+[no]question``
-   This option toggles the display of the question section of a query when an answer is
+   Toggles the display of the question section of a query when an answer is
-   returned. The default is to print the question section as a comment.
+   returned.  The default is to print the question section as a comment.
 ``+[no]raflag``
-   This option sets [or does not set] the RA (Recursion Available) bit in the query. The
+   Set [do not set] the RA (Recursion Available) bit in the query. The
-   default is ``+noraflag``. This bit is ignored by the server for
+   default is +noraflag. This bit should be ignored by the server for
   QUERY.
 ``+[no]rdflag``
-   This option is a synonym for ``+[no]recurse``.
+   A synonym for ``+[no]recurse``.
 ``+[no]recurse``
-   This option toggles the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.
+   Toggle the setting of the RD (recursion desired) bit in the query.
   This bit is set by default, which means ``dig`` normally sends
   recursive queries. Recursion is automatically disabled when the
-   ``+nssearch`` or ``+trace`` query option is used.
+   ``+nssearch`` or ``+trace`` query options are used.
 ``+retry=T``
-   This option sets the number of times to retry UDP and TCP queries to server to ``T``
+   Sets the number of times to retry UDP queries to server to ``T``
-   instead of the default, 2.  Unlike ``+tries``, this does not include
+   instead of the default, 2. Unlike ``+tries``, this does not include
   the initial query.
 ``+[no]rrcomments``
-   This option toggles the display of per-record comments in the output (for example,
+   Toggle the display of per-record comments in the output (for example,
   human-readable key information about DNSKEY records). The default is
   not to print record comments unless multiline mode is active.
 ``+[no]search``
-   This option uses [or does not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or domain
+   Use [do not use] the search list defined by the searchlist or domain
-   directive in ``resolv.conf``, if any. The search list is not used by
+   directive in ``resolv.conf`` (if any). The search list is not used by
   default.
-   ``ndots`` from ``resolv.conf`` (default 1), which may be overridden by
+   'ndots' from ``resolv.conf`` (default 1) which may be overridden by
-   ``+ndots``, determines whether the name is treated as relative
+   ``+ndots`` determines if the name will be treated as relative or not
-   and hence whether a search is eventually performed.
+   and hence whether a search is eventually performed or not.
 ``+[no]short``
-   This option toggles whether a terse answer is provided. The default is to print the answer in a verbose
+   Provide a terse answer.  The default is to print the answer in a verbose
-   form. This option always has a global effect; it cannot be set globally and
+   form.  This option always has global effect; it cannot be set globally and
   then overridden on a per-lookup basis.
 ``+[no]showbadcookie``
   This option toggles whether to show the message containing the
   BADCOOKIE rcode before retrying the request or not. The default
   is to not show the messages.
 ``+[no]showsearch``
-   This option performs [or does not perform] a search showing intermediate results.
+   Perform [do not perform] a search showing intermediate results.
 ``+[no]sigchase``
   This feature is now obsolete and has been removed; use ``delv``
   instead.
 ``+split=W``
-   This option splits long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into
+   Split long hex- or base64-formatted fields in resource records into
   chunks of ``W`` characters (where ``W`` is rounded up to the nearest
   multiple of 4). ``+nosplit`` or ``+split=0`` causes fields not to be
   split at all. The default is 56 characters, or 44 characters when
   multiline mode is active.
 ``+[no]stats``
-   This option toggles the printing of statistics: when the query was made, the size of the
+   Toggles the printing of statistics: when the query was made, the size of the
-   reply, etc. The default behavior is to print the query statistics as a
+   reply and so on.  The default behavior is to print the query statistics as a
   comment after each lookup.
 ``+[no]subnet=addr[/prefix-length]``
-   This option sends [or does not send] an EDNS CLIENT-SUBNET option with the specified IP
+   Send (don't send) an EDNS Client Subnet option with the specified IP
   address or network prefix.
   ``dig +subnet=0.0.0.0/0``, or simply ``dig +subnet=0`` for short,
@@ -537,75 +505,75 @@ abbreviation is unambiguous; for example, ``+cd`` is equivalent to
   address information must *not* be used when resolving this query.
 ``+[no]tcflag``
-   This option sets [or does not set] the TC (TrunCation) bit in the query. The default is
+   Set [do not set] the TC (TrunCation) bit in the query. The default is
-   ``+notcflag``. This bit is ignored by the server for QUERY.
+   +notcflag. This bit should be ignored by the server for QUERY.
 ``+[no]tcp``
-   This option indicates whether to use TCP when querying name servers.
+   Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. The default behavior
-   The default behavior is to use UDP unless a type ``any`` or ``ixfr=N``
+   is to use UDP unless a type ``any`` or ``ixfr=N`` query is requested,
-   query is requested, in which case the default is TCP. AXFR queries
+   in which case the default is TCP. AXFR queries always use TCP.
   always use TCP.
 ``+timeout=T``
-   This option sets the timeout for a query to ``T`` seconds. The default timeout is
+   Sets the timeout for a query to ``T`` seconds. The default timeout is
-   5 seconds. An attempt to set ``T`` to less than 1 is silently set to 1.
+   5 seconds. An attempt to set ``T`` to less than 1 will result in a
-
+   query timeout of 1 second being applied.
 ``+[no]tls``
   This option indicates whether to use DNS-over-TLS (DoT) when querying
   name servers. When this option is in use, the port number defaults
   to 853.
 ``+[no]topdown``
   This feature is related to ``dig +sigchase``, which is obsolete and
   has been removed. Use ``delv`` instead.
 ``+[no]trace``
-   This option toggles tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers for
+   Toggle tracing of the delegation path from the root name servers for
   the name being looked up. Tracing is disabled by default. When
   tracing is enabled, ``dig`` makes iterative queries to resolve the
-   name being looked up. It follows referrals from the root servers,
+   name being looked up. It will follow referrals from the root servers,
   showing the answer from each server that was used to resolve the
   lookup.
-   If ``@server`` is also specified, it affects only the initial query for
+   If @server is also specified, it affects only the initial query for
   the root zone name servers.
-   ``+dnssec`` is also set when ``+trace`` is set, to better emulate the
+   ``+dnssec`` is also set when +trace is set to better emulate the
-   default queries from a name server.
+   default queries from a nameserver.
 ``+tries=T``
-   This option sets the number of times to try UDP and TCP queries to server to ``T``
+   Sets the number of times to try UDP queries to server to ``T``
   instead of the default, 3. If ``T`` is less than or equal to zero,
   the number of tries is silently rounded up to 1.
 ``+trusted-key=####``
-   This option formerly specified trusted keys for use with ``dig +sigchase``. This
+   Formerly specified trusted keys for use with ``dig +sigchase``. This
   feature is now obsolete and has been removed; use ``delv`` instead.
 ``+[no]ttlid``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the TTL when printing the record.
+   Display [do not display] the TTL when printing the record.
 ``+[no]ttlunits``
-   This option displays [or does not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable time
+   Display [do not display] the TTL in friendly human-readable time
-   units of ``s``, ``m``, ``h``, ``d``, and ``w``, representing seconds, minutes,
+   units of "s", "m", "h", "d", and "w", representing seconds, minutes,
-   hours, days, and weeks. This implies ``+ttlid``.
+   hours, days and weeks. Implies +ttlid.
 ``+[no]unexpected``
   Accept [do not accept] answers from unexpected sources.  By default, ``dig``
   won't accept a reply from a source other than the one to which it sent the
   query.
 ``+[no]unknownformat``
-   This option prints all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format (:rfc:`3597`).
+   Print all RDATA in unknown RR type presentation format (:rfc:`3597`).
   The default is to print RDATA for known types in the type's
   presentation format.
 ``+[no]vc``
-   This option uses [or does not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate
+   Use [do not use] TCP when querying name servers. This alternate
   syntax to ``+[no]tcp`` is provided for backwards compatibility. The
-   ``vc`` stands for "virtual circuit."
+   "vc" stands for "virtual circuit".
 ``+[no]yaml``
-   When enabled, this option prints the responses (and, if ``+qr`` is in use, also the
+   Print the responses (and, if <option>+qr</option> is in use, also the
   outgoing queries) in a detailed YAML format.
 ``+[no]zflag``
-   This option sets [or does not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a DNS query.
+   Set [do not set] the last unassigned DNS header flag in a DNS query.
   This flag is off by default.
 Multiple Queries
@@ -614,12 +582,12 @@ Multiple Queries
 The BIND 9 implementation of ``dig`` supports specifying multiple
 queries on the command line (in addition to supporting the ``-f`` batch
 file option). Each of those queries can be supplied with its own set of
-flags, options, and query options.
+flags, options and query options.
-In this case, each ``query`` argument represents an individual query in
+In this case, each ``query`` argument represent an individual query in
 the command-line syntax described above. Each consists of any of the
 standard options and flags, the name to be looked up, an optional query
-type and class, and any query options that should be applied to that
+type and class and any query options that should be applied to that
 query.
 A global set of query options, which should be applied to all queries,
@@ -633,12 +601,12 @@ query options. For example:
   dig +qr www.isc.org any -x 127.0.0.1 isc.org ns +noqr
-shows how ``dig`` can be used from the command line to make three
+shows how ``dig`` could be used from the command line to make three
-lookups: an ANY query for ``www.isc.org``, a reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1,
+lookups: an ANY query for ``www.isc.org``, a reverse lookup of 127.0.0.1
 and a query for the NS records of ``isc.org``. A global query option of
 ``+qr`` is applied, so that ``dig`` shows the initial query it made for
 each lookup. The final query has a local query option of ``+noqr`` which
-means that ``dig`` does not print the initial query when it looks up the
+means that ``dig`` will not print the initial query when it looks up the
 NS records for ``isc.org``.
 IDN Support
@@ -646,32 +614,12 @@ IDN Support
 If ``dig`` has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name)
 support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. ``dig``
-appropriately converts character encoding of a domain name before sending
+appropriately converts character encoding of domain name before sending
-a request to a DNS server or displaying a reply from the server.
+a request to DNS server or displaying a reply from the server. If you'd
-To turn off IDN support, use the parameters
+like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, use parameters
-``+noidnin`` and ``+noidnout``, or define the ``IDN_DISABLE`` environment
+``+noidnin`` and ``+noidnout`` or define the IDN_DISABLE environment
 variable.
 Return Codes
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 ``dig`` return codes are:
 ``0``
   DNS response received, including NXDOMAIN status
 ``1``
   Usage error
 ``8``
   Couldn't open batch file
 ``9``
   No reply from server
 ``10``
   Internal error
 Files
 ~~~~~
@@ -3,13 +3,14 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
-#pragma once
+#ifndef DIG_H
 #define DIG_H
 /*! \file */
@@ -18,16 +19,15 @@
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/buffer.h>
 #include <isc/bufferlist.h>
 #include <isc/formatcheck.h>
 #include <isc/lang.h>
 #include <isc/list.h>
 #include <isc/magic.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/netmgr.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/refcount.h>
 #include <isc/sockaddr.h>
-#include <isc/time.h>
+#include <isc/socket.h>
 #include <dns/rdatalist.h>
@@ -71,12 +71,6 @@
 #define SERVER_TIMEOUT 1
 #define LOOKUP_LIMIT 64
 #define DEFAULT_EDNS_VERSION 0
 #define DEFAULT_EDNS_BUFSIZE 1232
 #define DEFAULT_HTTPS_QUERY "?dns="
 /*%
 * Lookup_limit is just a limiter, keeping too many lookups from being
 * created.  It's job is mainly to prevent the program from running away
@@ -91,39 +85,37 @@ typedef struct dig_server dig_server_t;
 typedef ISC_LIST(dig_server_t) dig_serverlist_t;
 typedef struct dig_searchlist dig_searchlist_t;
 #define DIG_LOOKUP_MAGIC ISC_MAGIC('D', 'i', 'g', 'l')
 #define DIG_VALID_LOOKUP(x) ISC_MAGIC_VALID((x), DIG_LOOKUP_MAGIC)
 #define DIG_QUERY_MAGIC ISC_MAGIC('D', 'i', 'g', 'q')
 #define DIG_VALID_QUERY(x) ISC_MAGIC_VALID((x), DIG_QUERY_MAGIC)
 /*% The dig_lookup structure */
 struct dig_lookup {
-	unsigned int magic;
+	bool pending, /*%< Pending a successful answer */
-	isc_refcount_t references;
+		waiting_connect, doing_xfr, ns_search_only, /*%< dig
-	bool aaonly, adflag, badcookie, besteffort, cdflag, comments,
+							     * +nssearch,
-		dns64prefix, dnssec, doing_xfr, done_as_is, ednsneg, expandaaaa,
+							     * host -C */
-		expire, header_only, identify, /*%< Append an "on server <foo>"
+		identify, /*%< Append an "on server <foo>" message */
-						  message */
+		identify_previous_line, /*% Prepend a "Nameserver <foo>:"
-		identify_previous_line,	       /*% Prepend a "Nameserver <foo>:"
+					 * message, with newline and tab */
-						  message, with newline and tab */
+		ignore, recurse, aaonly, adflag, cdflag, raflag, tcflag, zflag,
-		idnin, idnout, ignore, mapped, multiline, need_search,
+		trace,	    /*% dig +trace */
-		new_search, noclass, nocrypto, nottl,
+		trace_root, /*% initial query for either +trace or +nssearch
-		ns_search_only,	 /*%< dig +nssearch, host -C */
+			     * */
-		nsid,		 /*% Name Server ID (RFC 5001) */
+		tcp_mode, tcp_mode_set, comments, stats, section_question,
-		onesoa, pending, /*%< Pending a successful answer */
+		section_answer, section_authority, section_additional,
-		print_unknown_format, qr, raflag, recurse, section_additional,
+		servfail_stops, new_search, need_search, done_as_is, besteffort,
-		section_answer, section_authority, section_question,
+		dnssec, expire, sendcookie, seenbadcookie, badcookie,
-		seenbadcookie, sendcookie, servfail_stops,
+		nsid, /*% Name Server ID (RFC 5001) */
-		setqid, /*% use a speciied query ID */
+		tcp_keepalive, header_only, ednsneg, mapped,
-		showbadcookie, stats, tcflag, tcp_keepalive, tcp_mode,
+		print_unknown_format, multiline, nottl, noclass, onesoa,
-		tcp_mode_set, tls_mode, /*% connect using TLS */
+		use_usec, nocrypto, ttlunits, idnin, idnout, expandaaaa, qr,
-		trace,			/*% dig +trace */
+		accept_reply_unexpected_src, /*%  print replies from
-		trace_root, /*% initial query for either +trace or +nssearch */
+					      * unexpected
-		ttlunits, use_usec, waiting_connect, zflag;
+					      *   sources. */
-	char textname[MXNAME]; /*% Name we're going to be looking up */
+		setqid;			     /*% use a speciied query ID */
 	char textname[MXNAME];		     /*% Name we're going to be
 					      * looking up */
 	char cmdline[MXNAME];
 	dns_rdatatype_t rdtype;
 	dns_rdatatype_t qrdtype;
@@ -149,7 +141,7 @@ struct dig_lookup {
 	dig_query_t *xfr_q;
 	uint32_t retries;
 	int nsfound;
-	int16_t udpsize;
+	uint16_t udpsize;
 	int16_t edns;
 	int16_t padding;
 	uint32_t ixfr_serial;
@@ -169,23 +161,15 @@ struct dig_lookup {
 	int rrcomments;
 	unsigned int eoferr;
 	uint16_t qid;
 	struct {
 		bool http_plain;
 		bool https_mode;
 		bool https_get;
 		char *https_path;
 	};
 };
 /*% The dig_query structure */
 struct dig_query {
 	unsigned int magic;
 	dig_lookup_t *lookup;
-	bool first_pass;
+	bool waiting_connect, pending_free, waiting_senddone, first_pass,
-	bool first_soa_rcvd;
+		first_soa_rcvd, second_rr_rcvd, first_repeat_rcvd, recv_made,
-	bool second_rr_rcvd;
+		warn_id, timedout;
 	bool first_repeat_rcvd;
 	bool warn_id;
 	uint32_t first_rr_serial;
 	uint32_t second_rr_serial;
 	uint32_t msg_count;
@@ -193,12 +177,9 @@ struct dig_query {
 	bool ixfr_axfr;
 	char *servname;
 	char *userarg;
-	isc_buffer_t sendbuf;
+	isc_buffer_t recvbuf, lengthbuf, tmpsendbuf, sendbuf;
 	char *recvspace, *tmpsendspace, lengthspace[4];
-	isc_refcount_t references;
+	isc_socket_t *sock;
 	isc_nmhandle_t *handle;
 	isc_nmhandle_t *readhandle;
 	isc_nmhandle_t *sendhandle;
 	ISC_LINK(dig_query_t) link;
 	ISC_LINK(dig_query_t) clink;
 	isc_sockaddr_t sockaddr;
@@ -206,7 +187,6 @@ struct dig_query {
 	isc_time_t time_recv;
 	uint64_t byte_count;
 	isc_timer_t *timer;
 	isc_tlsctx_t *tlsctx;
 };
 struct dig_server {
@@ -235,14 +215,13 @@ extern unsigned int extrabytes;
 extern bool check_ra, have_ipv4, have_ipv6, specified_source, usesearch,
 	showsearch, yaml;
 extern in_port_t port;
 extern bool port_set;
 extern unsigned int timeout;
 extern isc_mem_t *mctx;
-extern isc_refcount_t sendcount;
+extern int sendcount;
 extern int ndots;
 extern int lookup_counter;
 extern int exitcode;
-extern isc_sockaddr_t localaddr;
+extern isc_sockaddr_t bind_address;
 extern char keynametext[MXNAME];
 extern char keyfile[MXNAME];
 extern char keysecret[MXNAME];
@@ -407,41 +386,37 @@ setup_text_key(void);
 * Routines exported from dig.c for use by dig for iOS
 */
-/*%
+/*%<
 * Call once only to set up libraries, parse global
 * parameters and initial command line query parameters
 */
 void
 dig_setup(int argc, char **argv);
-/*%
+/*%<
 * Call to supply new parameters for the next lookup
 */
 void
 dig_query_setup(bool, bool, int argc, char **argv);
-/*%
+/*%<
 * set the main application event cycle running
 */
 void
 dig_startup(void);
-/*%
+/*%<
 * Initiates the next lookup cycle
 */
 void
 dig_query_start(void);
-/*%
+/*%<
 * Activate/deactivate IDN filtering of output.
 */
 void
 dig_idnsetup(dig_lookup_t *lookup, bool active);
 /*%
 * Cleans up the application
 */
 void
 dig_shutdown(void);
 ISC_LANG_ENDDECLS
 #endif /* ifndef DIG_H */
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -13,10 +13,13 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <locale.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H
 #include <locale.h>
 #endif /* ifdef HAVE_LOCALE_H */
 #include <isc/app.h>
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/commandline.h>
@@ -148,11 +151,7 @@ received(unsigned int bytes, isc_sockaddr_t *from, dig_query_t *query) {
 	if (!short_form) {
 		char fromtext[ISC_SOCKADDR_FORMATSIZE];
 		isc_sockaddr_format(from, fromtext, sizeof(fromtext));
-		if (query->lookup->use_usec) {
+		TIME_NOW(&now);
 			TIME_NOW_HIRES(&now);
 		} else {
 			TIME_NOW(&now);
 		}
 		diff = (int)isc_time_microdiff(&now, &query->time_sent);
 		printf("Received %u bytes from %s in %d ms\n", bytes, fromtext,
 		       diff / 1000);
@@ -376,7 +375,7 @@ chase_cnamechain(dns_message_t *msg, dns_name_t *qname) {
 		dns_rdataset_current(rdataset, &rdata);
 		result = dns_rdata_tostruct(&rdata, &cname, NULL);
 		check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct");
-		dns_name_copy(&cname.cname, qname);
+		dns_name_copynf(&cname.cname, qname);
 		dns_rdata_freestruct(&cname);
 	}
 }
@@ -439,7 +438,7 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 		/* Add AAAA and MX lookups. */
 		name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fixed);
-		dns_name_copy(query->lookup->name, name);
+		dns_name_copynf(query->lookup->name, name);
 		chase_cnamechain(msg, name);
 		dns_name_format(name, namestr, sizeof(namestr));
 		lookup = clone_lookup(query->lookup, false);
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@ Description
 ``host`` is a simple utility for performing DNS lookups. It is normally
 used to convert names to IP addresses and vice versa. When no arguments
-or options are given, ``host`` prints a short summary of its
+or options are given, ``host`` prints a short summary of its command
-command-line arguments and options.
+line arguments and options.
 ``name`` is the domain name that is to be looked up. It can also be a
 dotted-decimal IPv4 address or a colon-delimited IPv6 address, in which
-case ``host`` by default performs a reverse lookup for that address.
+case ``host`` will by default perform a reverse lookup for that address.
 ``server`` is an optional argument which is either the name or IP
 address of the name server that ``host`` should query instead of the
 server or servers listed in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
@@ -49,111 +49,111 @@ server or servers listed in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-4``
+**-4**
-   This option specifies that only IPv4 should be used for query transport. See also the ``-6`` option.
+   Use IPv4 only for query transport. See also the ``-6`` option.
-``-6``
+**-6**
-   This option specifies that only IPv6 should be used for query transport. See also the ``-4`` option.
+   Use IPv6 only for query transport. See also the ``-4`` option.
-``-a``
+**-a**
-   The ``-a`` ("all") option is normally equivalent to ``-v -t ANY``. It
+   "All". The ``-a`` option is normally equivalent to ``-v -t ANY``. It
-   also affects the behavior of the ``-l`` list zone option.
+   also affects the behaviour of the ``-l`` list zone option.
-``-A``
+**-A**
-   The ``-A`` ("almost all") option is equivalent to ``-a``, except that RRSIG,
+   "Almost all". The ``-A`` option is equivalent to ``-a`` except RRSIG,
   NSEC, and NSEC3 records are omitted from the output.
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option specifies the query class, which can be used to lookup HS (Hesiod) or CH (Chaosnet)
+   Query class: This can be used to lookup HS (Hesiod) or CH (Chaosnet)
   class resource records. The default class is IN (Internet).
-``-C``
+**-C**
-   This option indicates that ``named`` should check consistency, meaning that ``host`` queries the SOA records for zone
+   Check consistency: ``host`` will query the SOA records for zone
   ``name`` from all the listed authoritative name servers for that
   zone. The list of name servers is defined by the NS records that are
   found for the zone.
-``-d``
+**-d**
-   This option prints debugging traces, and is equivalent to the ``-v`` verbose option.
+   Print debugging traces. Equivalent to the ``-v`` verbose option.
-``-l``
+**-l**
-   This option tells ``named` to list the zone, meaning the ``host`` command performs a zone transfer of zone
+   List zone: The ``host`` command performs a zone transfer of zone
-   ``name`` and prints out the NS, PTR, and address records (A/AAAA).
+   ``name`` and prints out the NS, PTR and address records (A/AAAA).
   Together, the ``-l -a`` options print all records in the zone.
-``-N ndots``
+**-N** ndots
-   This option specifies the number of dots (``ndots``) that have to be in ``name`` for it to be
+   The number of dots that have to be in ``name`` for it to be
   considered absolute. The default value is that defined using the
-   ``ndots`` statement in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, or 1 if no ``ndots`` statement
+   ndots statement in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, or 1 if no ndots statement
-   is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names,
+   is present. Names with fewer dots are interpreted as relative names
-   and are searched for in the domains listed in the ``search`` or
+   and will be searched for in the domains listed in the ``search`` or
   ``domain`` directive in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
-``-p port``
+**-p** port
-   This option specifies the port to query on the server. The default is 53.
+   Specify the port on the server to query. The default is 53.
-``-r``
+**-r**
-   This option specifies a non-recursive query; setting this option clears the RD (recursion
+   Non-recursive query: Setting this option clears the RD (recursion
-   desired) bit in the query. This means that the name server
+   desired) bit in the query. This should mean that the name server
-   receiving the query does not attempt to resolve ``name``. The ``-r``
+   receiving the query will not attempt to resolve ``name``. The ``-r``
   option enables ``host`` to mimic the behavior of a name server by
-   making non-recursive queries, and expecting to receive answers to
+   making non-recursive queries and expecting to receive answers to
   those queries that can be referrals to other name servers.
-``-R number``
+**-R** number
-   This option specifies the number of retries for UDP queries. If ``number`` is negative or zero,
+   Number of retries for UDP queries: If ``number`` is negative or zero,
-   the number of retries is silently set to 1. The default value is 1, or
+   the number of retries will default to 1. The default value is 1, or
   the value of the ``attempts`` option in ``/etc/resolv.conf``, if set.
-``-s``
+**-s**
-   This option tells ``named`` *not* to send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds
+   Do *not* send the query to the next nameserver if any server responds
   with a SERVFAIL response, which is the reverse of normal stub
   resolver behavior.
-``-t type``
+**-t** type
-   This option specifies the query type. The ``type`` argument can be any recognized query type:
+   Query type: The ``type`` argument can be any recognized query type:
   CNAME, NS, SOA, TXT, DNSKEY, AXFR, etc.
   When no query type is specified, ``host`` automatically selects an
   appropriate query type. By default, it looks for A, AAAA, and MX
-   records. If the ``-C`` option is given, queries are made for SOA
+   records. If the ``-C`` option is given, queries will be made for SOA
   records. If ``name`` is a dotted-decimal IPv4 address or
-   colon-delimited IPv6 address, ``host`` queries for PTR records.
+   colon-delimited IPv6 address, ``host`` will query for PTR records.
-   If a query type of IXFR is chosen, the starting serial number can be
+   If a query type of IXFR is chosen the starting serial number can be
-   specified by appending an equals sign (=), followed by the starting serial
+   specified by appending an equal followed by the starting serial
-   number, e.g., ``-t IXFR=12345678``.
+   number (like ``-t IXFR=12345678``).
-``-T``; ``-U``
+**-T**; **-U**
-   This option specifies TCP or UDP. By default, ``host`` uses UDP when making queries; the
+   TCP/UDP: By default, ``host`` uses UDP when making queries. The
   ``-T`` option makes it use a TCP connection when querying the name
-   server. TCP is automatically selected for queries that require
+   server. TCP will be automatically selected for queries that require
-   it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests. Type ``ANY`` queries default
+   it, such as zone transfer (AXFR) requests. Type ANY queries default
-   to TCP, but can be forced to use UDP initially via ``-U``.
+   to TCP but can be forced to UDP initially using ``-U``.
-``-m flag``
+**-m** flag
-   This option sets memory usage debugging: the flag can be ``record``, ``usage``, or
+   Memory usage debugging: the flag can be ``record``, ``usage``, or
-   ``trace``. The ``-m`` option can be specified more than once to set
+   ``trace``. You can specify the ``-m`` option more than once to set
   multiple flags.
-``-v``
+**-v**
-   This option sets verbose output, and is equivalent to the ``-d`` debug option. Verbose output
+   Verbose output. Equivalent to the ``-d`` debug option. Verbose output
   can also be enabled by setting the ``debug`` option in
   ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
-``-V``
+**-V**
-   This option prints the version number and exits.
+   Print the version number and exit.
-``-w``
+**-w**
-   This option sets "wait forever": the query timeout is set to the maximum possible. See
+   Wait forever: The query timeout is set to the maximum possible. See
   also the ``-W`` option.
-``-W wait``
+**-W** wait
-   This options sets the length of the wait timeout, indicating that ``named`` should wait for up to ``wait`` seconds for a reply. If ``wait`` is
+   Timeout: Wait for up to ``wait`` seconds for a reply. If ``wait`` is
-   less than 1, the wait interval is set to 1 second.
+   less than one, the wait interval is set to one second.
-   By default, ``host`` waits for 5 seconds for UDP responses and 10
+   By default, ``host`` will wait for 5 seconds for UDP responses and 10
   seconds for TCP connections. These defaults can be overridden by the
   ``timeout`` option in ``/etc/resolv.conf``.
@@ -164,10 +164,10 @@ IDN Support
 If ``host`` has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name)
 support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. ``host``
-appropriately converts character encoding of a domain name before sending
+appropriately converts character encoding of domain name before sending
-a request to a DNS server or displaying a reply from the server.
+a request to DNS server or displaying a reply from the server. If you'd
-To turn off IDN support, define the ``IDN_DISABLE``
+like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, define the IDN_DISABLE
-environment variable. IDN support is disabled if the variable is set
+environment variable. The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set
 when ``host`` runs.
 Files
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
 ../../../.clang-format.headers
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -37,7 +37,22 @@
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include "dighost.h"
-#include "readline.h"
+
 #if defined(HAVE_READLINE)
 #if defined(HAVE_EDIT_READLINE_READLINE_H)
 #include <edit/readline/readline.h>
 #if defined(HAVE_EDIT_READLINE_HISTORY_H)
 #include <edit/readline/history.h>
 #endif /* if defined(HAVE_EDIT_READLINE_HISTORY_H) */
 #elif defined(HAVE_EDITLINE_READLINE_H)
 #include <editline/readline.h>
 #elif defined(HAVE_READLINE_READLINE_H)
 #include <readline/readline.h>
 #if defined(HAVE_READLINE_HISTORY_H)
 #include <readline/history.h>
 #endif /* if defined(HAVE_READLINE_HISTORY_H) */
 #endif /* if defined(HAVE_EDIT_READLINE_READLINE_H) */
 #endif /* if defined(HAVE_READLINE) */
 static bool short_form = true, tcpmode = false, tcpmode_set = false,
 	    identify = false, stats = true, comments = true,
@@ -110,6 +125,8 @@ static const char *rtypetext[] = {
 #define N_KNOWN_RRTYPES (sizeof(rtypetext) / sizeof(rtypetext[0]))
 static void
 flush_lookup_list(void);
 static void
 getinput(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event);
@@ -134,6 +151,7 @@ static void
 query_finished(void) {
 	isc_event_t *event = global_event;
 	flush_lookup_list();
 	debug("dighost_shutdown()");
 	if (!in_use) {
@@ -391,7 +409,7 @@ chase_cnamechain(dns_message_t *msg, dns_name_t *qname) {
 		dns_rdataset_current(rdataset, &rdata);
 		result = dns_rdata_tostruct(&rdata, &cname, NULL);
 		check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct");
-		dns_name_copy(&cname.cname, qname);
+		dns_name_copynf(&cname.cname, qname);
 		dns_rdata_freestruct(&cname);
 	}
 }
@@ -448,7 +466,7 @@ printmessage(dig_query_t *query, const isc_buffer_t *msgbuf, dns_message_t *msg,
 		/* Add AAAA lookup. */
 		name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fixed);
-		dns_name_copy(query->lookup->name, name);
+		dns_name_copynf(query->lookup->name, name);
 		chase_cnamechain(msg, name);
 		dns_name_format(name, namestr, sizeof(namestr));
 		lookup = clone_lookup(query->lookup, false);
@@ -619,8 +637,6 @@ static void
 setoption(char *opt) {
 	size_t l = strlen(opt);
 	debugging = true;
 #define CHECKOPT(A, N) \
 	((l >= N) && (l < sizeof(A)) && (strncasecmp(opt, A, l) == 0))
@@ -771,6 +787,7 @@ addlookup(char *opt) {
 	lookup->recurse = recurse;
 	lookup->aaonly = aaonly;
 	lookup->retries = tries;
 	lookup->udpsize = 0;
 	lookup->setqid = false;
 	lookup->qid = 0;
 	lookup->comments = comments;
@@ -831,27 +848,38 @@ do_next_command(char *input) {
 static void
 get_next_command(void) {
-	char cmdlinebuf[COMMSIZE];
+	char *buf;
-	char *cmdline, *ptr = NULL;
+	char *ptr;
 	fflush(stdout);
 	buf = isc_mem_allocate(mctx, COMMSIZE);
 	isc_app_block();
 	if (interactive) {
-		cmdline = ptr = readline("> ");
+#ifdef HAVE_READLINE
-		if (ptr != NULL && *ptr != 0) {
+		ptr = readline("> ");
 		if (ptr != NULL) {
 			add_history(ptr);
 		}
 #else  /* ifdef HAVE_READLINE */
 		fprintf(stderr, "> ");
 		fflush(stderr);
 		ptr = fgets(buf, COMMSIZE, stdin);
 #endif /* ifdef HAVE_READLINE */
 	} else {
-		cmdline = fgets(cmdlinebuf, COMMSIZE, stdin);
+		ptr = fgets(buf, COMMSIZE, stdin);
 	}
 	isc_app_unblock();
-	if (cmdline == NULL) {
+	if (ptr == NULL) {
 		in_use = false;
 	} else {
-		do_next_command(cmdline);
+		do_next_command(ptr);
 	}
-	if (ptr != NULL) {
+#ifdef HAVE_READLINE
 	if (interactive) {
 		free(ptr);
 	}
 #endif /* ifdef HAVE_READLINE */
 	isc_mem_free(mctx, buf);
 }
 ISC_NORETURN static void
@@ -903,6 +931,46 @@ parse_args(int argc, char **argv) {
 	}
 }
 static void
 flush_lookup_list(void) {
 	dig_lookup_t *l, *lp;
 	dig_query_t *q, *qp;
 	dig_server_t *s, *sp;
 	lookup_counter = 0;
 	l = ISC_LIST_HEAD(lookup_list);
 	while (l != NULL) {
 		q = ISC_LIST_HEAD(l->q);
 		while (q != NULL) {
 			if (q->sock != NULL) {
 				isc_socket_cancel(q->sock, NULL,
 						  ISC_SOCKCANCEL_ALL);
 				isc_socket_detach(&q->sock);
 			}
 			isc_buffer_invalidate(&q->recvbuf);
 			isc_buffer_invalidate(&q->lengthbuf);
 			qp = q;
 			q = ISC_LIST_NEXT(q, link);
 			ISC_LIST_DEQUEUE(l->q, qp, link);
 			isc_mem_free(mctx, qp);
 		}
 		s = ISC_LIST_HEAD(l->my_server_list);
 		while (s != NULL) {
 			sp = s;
 			s = ISC_LIST_NEXT(s, link);
 			ISC_LIST_DEQUEUE(l->my_server_list, sp, link);
 			isc_mem_free(mctx, sp);
 		}
 		if (l->sendmsg != NULL) {
 			dns_message_destroy(&l->sendmsg);
 		}
 		lp = l;
 		l = ISC_LIST_NEXT(l, link);
 		ISC_LIST_DEQUEUE(lookup_list, lp, link);
 		isc_mem_free(mctx, lp);
 	}
 }
 static void
 getinput(isc_task_t *task, isc_event_t *event) {
 	UNUSED(task);
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Synopsis
 Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
-``nslookup`` is a program to query Internet domain name servers.
+``Nslookup`` is a program to query Internet domain name servers.
-``nslookup`` has two modes: interactive and non-interactive. Interactive
+``Nslookup`` has two modes: interactive and non-interactive. Interactive
 mode allows the user to query name servers for information about various
 hosts and domains or to print a list of hosts in a domain.
-Non-interactive mode prints just the name and requested
+Non-interactive mode is used to print just the name and requested
 information for a host or domain.
 Arguments
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Arguments
 Interactive mode is entered in the following cases:
-a. when no arguments are given (the default name server is used);
+a. when no arguments are given (the default name server will be used)
 b. when the first argument is a hyphen (-) and the second argument is
   the host name or Internet address of a name server.
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ argument specifies the host name or address of a name server.
 Options can also be specified on the command line if they precede the
 arguments and are prefixed with a hyphen. For example, to change the
-default query type to host information, with an initial timeout of 10
+default query type to host information, and the initial timeout to 10
 seconds, type:
 ::
@@ -65,59 +65,59 @@ seconds, type:
   nslookup -query=hinfo  -timeout=10
 The ``-version`` option causes ``nslookup`` to print the version number
-and immediately exit.
+and immediately exits.
 Interactive Commands
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-``host [server]``
+``host`` [server]
-   This command looks up information for ``host`` using the current default server or
+   Look up information for host using the current default server or
-   using ``server``, if specified. If ``host`` is an Internet address and the
+   using server, if specified. If host is an Internet address and the
-   query type is A or PTR, the name of the host is returned. If ``host`` is
+   query type is A or PTR, the name of the host is returned. If host is
-   a name and does not have a trailing period (``.``), the search list is used
+   a name and does not have a trailing period, the search list is used
   to qualify the name.
   To look up a host not in the current domain, append a period to the
   name.
-``server domain`` | ``lserver domain``
+``server`` domain | ``lserver`` domain
-   These commands change the default server to ``domain``; ``lserver`` uses the initial
+   Change the default server to domain; ``lserver`` uses the initial
-   server to look up information about ``domain``, while ``server`` uses the
+   server to look up information about domain, while ``server`` uses the
-   current default server. If an authoritative answer cannot be found,
+   current default server. If an authoritative answer can't be found,
   the names of servers that might have the answer are returned.
 ``root``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``finger``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``ls``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``view``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``help``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``?``
-   This command is not implemented.
+   not implemented
 ``exit``
-   This command exits the program.
+   Exits the program.
-``set keyword[=value]``
+``set`` keyword[=value]
   This command is used to change state information that affects the
   lookups. Valid keywords are:
   ``all``
-      This keyword prints the current values of the frequently used options to
+      Prints the current values of the frequently used options to
      ``set``. Information about the current default server and host is
      also printed.
-   ``class=value``
+   ``class=``\ value
-      This keyword changes the query class to one of:
+      Change the query class to one of:
      ``IN``
         the Internet class
@@ -131,62 +131,72 @@ Interactive Commands
      ``ANY``
         wildcard
-      The class specifies the protocol group of the information. The default
+      The class specifies the protocol group of the information.
-      is ``IN``; the abbreviation for this keyword is ``cl``.
+
      (Default = IN; abbreviation = cl)
   ``nodebug``
-      This keyword turns on or off the display of the full response packet, and any
+      Turn on or off the display of the full response packet and any
-      intermediate response packets, when searching. The default for this keyword is
+      intermediate response packets when searching.
-      ``nodebug``; the abbreviation for this keyword is ``[no]deb``.
+
      (Default = nodebug; abbreviation = [no]deb)
   ``nod2``
-      This keyword turns debugging mode on or off. This displays more about what
+      Turn debugging mode on or off. This displays more about what
-      nslookup is doing. The default is ``nod2``.
+      nslookup is doing.
-   ``domain=name``
+      (Default = nod2)
-      This keyword sets the search list to ``name``.
+
   ``domain=``\ name
      Sets the search list to name.
   ``nosearch``
-      If the lookup request contains at least one period, but does not end
+      If the lookup request contains at least one period but doesn't end
-      with a trailing period, this keyword appends the domain names in the domain
+      with a trailing period, append the domain names in the domain
-      search list to the request until an answer is received. The default is ``search``.
+      search list to the request until an answer is received.
-   ``port=value``
+      (Default = search)
      This keyword changes the default TCP/UDP name server port to ``value`` from
      its default, port 53. The abbreviation for this keyword is ``po``.
-   ``querytype=value`` | ``type=value``
+   ``port=``\ value
-      This keyword changes the type of the information query to ``value``. The
+      Change the default TCP/UDP name server port to value.
      defaults are A and then AAAA; the abbreviations for these keywords are
      ``q`` and ``ty``.
-      Please note that it is only possible to specify one query type. Only the default
+      (Default = 53; abbreviation = po)
-      behavior looks up both when an alternative is not specified.
+
   ``querytype=``\ value | ``type=``\ value
      Change the type of the information query.
      (Default = A and then AAAA; abbreviations = q, ty)
      **Note:** It is only possible to specify one query type, only the default
        behavior looks up both when an alternative is not specified.
   ``norecurse``
-      This keyword tells the name server to query other servers if it does not have
+      Tell the name server to query other servers if it does not have
-      the information. The default is ``recurse``; the abbreviation for this
+      the information.
      keyword is ``[no]rec``.
-   ``ndots=number``
+      (Default = recurse; abbreviation = [no]rec)
      This keyword sets the number of dots (label separators) in a domain that
      disables searching. Absolute names always stop searching.
-   ``retry=number``
+   ``ndots=``\ number
-      This keyword sets the number of retries to ``number``.
+      Set the number of dots (label separators) in a domain that will
      disable searching. Absolute names always stop searching.
-   ``timeout=number``
+   ``retry=``\ number
-      This keyword changes the initial timeout interval to wait for a reply to
+      Set the number of retries to number.
-      ``number``, in seconds.
+
   ``timeout=``\ number
      Change the initial timeout interval for waiting for a reply to
      number seconds.
   ``novc``
-      This keyword indicates that a virtual circuit should always be used when sending requests to the server.
+      Always use a virtual circuit when sending requests to the server.
-      ``novc`` is the default.
+
      (Default = novc)
   ``nofail``
-      This keyword tries the next nameserver if a nameserver responds with SERVFAIL or
+      Try the next nameserver if a nameserver responds with SERVFAIL or
-      a referral (nofail), or terminates the query (fail) on such a response. The
+      a referral (nofail) or terminate query (fail) on such a response.
-      default is ``nofail``.
+
      (Default = nofail)
 Return Values
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -199,11 +209,11 @@ IDN Support
 If ``nslookup`` has been built with IDN (internationalized domain name)
 support, it can accept and display non-ASCII domain names. ``nslookup``
-appropriately converts character encoding of a domain name before sending
+appropriately converts character encoding of domain name before sending
-a request to a DNS server or displaying a reply from the server.
+a request to DNS server or displaying a reply from the server. If you'd
-To turn off IDN support, define the ``IDN_DISABLE``
+like to turn off the IDN support for some reason, define the IDN_DISABLE
-environment variable. IDN support is disabled if the variable is set
+environment variable. The IDN support is disabled if the variable is set
-when ``nslookup`` runs, or when the standard output is not a tty.
+when ``nslookup`` runs or when the standard output is not a tty.
 Files
 ~~~~~
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
 /*
 * Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
 * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
 */
 #pragma once
 /*
 * A little wrapper around readline(), add_history() and free() to make using
 * the readline code simpler.
 */
 #if defined(HAVE_READLINE_LIBEDIT)
 #include <editline/readline.h>
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 #include <editline.h>
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 #define _FUNCTION_DEF 1
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 #define PREFER_STDARG 1
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 #include <readline/readline.h>
 #endif
 #if !defined(HAVE_READLINE_LIBEDIT) && !defined(HAVE_READLINE_EDITLINE) && \
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 #include <stdlib.h>
 #define RL_MAXCMD (128 * 1024)
 static inline char *
 readline(const char *prompt) {
 	char *line, *buf = malloc(RL_MAXCMD);
 	fprintf(stdout, "%s", prompt);
 	fflush(stdout);
 	line = fgets(buf, RL_MAXCMD, stdin);
 	if (line == NULL) {
 		free(buf);
 		return (NULL);
 	}
 	return (buf);
 };
 #define add_history(line)
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@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
 	$(LIBISC_CFLAGS)	\
 	$(LIBDNS_CFLAGS)
-AM_CPPFLAGS +=			\
+AM_CPPFLAGS +=						\
 	-DNAMED_CONFFILE=\"${sysconfdir}/named.conf\"
 noinst_LTLIBRARIES = libdnssectool.la
-LDADD +=			\
+LDADD =				\
 	libdnssectool.la	\
 	$(LIBISC_LIBS)		\
 	$(LIBDNS_LIBS)
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -24,12 +24,10 @@
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/buffer.h>
 #include <isc/commandline.h>
 #include <isc/dir.h>
 #include <isc/file.h>
 #include <isc/hash.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/serial.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/time.h>
@@ -51,10 +49,15 @@
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatasetiter.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/time.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include "dnssectool.h"
 const char *program = "dnssec-cds";
@@ -120,8 +123,7 @@ typedef struct keyinfo {
 /* A replaceable function that can generate a DS RRset from some input */
 typedef isc_result_t
-ds_maker_func_t(isc_buffer_t *buf, dns_rdata_t *ds, dns_dsdigest_t dt,
+ds_maker_func_t(dns_rdatalist_t *dslist, isc_buffer_t *buf, dns_rdata_t *rdata);
 		dns_rdata_t *crdata);
 static dns_rdataset_t cdnskey_set, cdnskey_sig;
 static dns_rdataset_t cds_set, cds_sig;
@@ -475,7 +477,7 @@ match_key_dsset(keyinfo_t *ki, dns_rdataset_t *dsset, strictness_t strictness) {
 				 "dns_ds_buildrdata("
 				 "keytag=%d, algo=%d, digest=%d): %s\n",
 				 ds.key_tag, ds.algorithm, ds.digest_type,
-				 isc_result_totext(result));
+				 dns_result_totext(result));
 			continue;
 		}
 		/* allow for both DS and CDS */
@@ -552,7 +554,7 @@ match_keyset_dsset(dns_rdataset_t *keyset, dns_rdataset_t *dsset,
 			vbprintf(3,
 				 "dns_dnssec_keyfromrdata("
 				 "keytag=%d, algo=%d): %s\n",
-				 ki->tag, ki->algo, isc_result_totext(result));
+				 ki->tag, ki->algo, dns_result_totext(result));
 		}
 	}
@@ -721,82 +723,82 @@ signed_strict(dns_rdataset_t *dsset, dns_secalg_t *algo) {
 	return (all_ok);
 }
-/*
+static dns_rdata_t *
- * This basically copies the rdata into the buffer, but going via the
+rdata_get(void) {
- * unpacked struct lets us change the rdatatype. (The dns_rdata_cds_t
+	dns_rdata_t *rdata;
 * and dns_rdata_ds_t types are aliases.)
 */
 static isc_result_t
 ds_from_cds(isc_buffer_t *buf, dns_rdata_t *rds, dns_dsdigest_t dt,
 	    dns_rdata_t *cds) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	dns_rdata_ds_t ds;
-	REQUIRE(buf != NULL);
+	rdata = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(*rdata));
 	dns_rdata_init(rdata);
-	result = dns_rdata_tostruct(cds, &ds, NULL);
+	return (rdata);
 	check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct(CDS)");
 	ds.common.rdtype = dns_rdatatype_ds;
 	if (ds.digest_type != dt) {
 		return (ISC_R_IGNORE);
 	}
 	return (dns_rdata_fromstruct(rds, rdclass, dns_rdatatype_ds, &ds, buf));
 }
 static isc_result_t
-ds_from_cdnskey(isc_buffer_t *buf, dns_rdata_t *ds, dns_dsdigest_t dt,
+rdata_put(isc_result_t result, dns_rdatalist_t *rdlist, dns_rdata_t *rdata) {
 		dns_rdata_t *cdnskey) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	isc_region_t r;
 	REQUIRE(buf != NULL);
 	isc_buffer_availableregion(buf, &r);
 	if (r.length < DNS_DS_BUFFERSIZE) {
 		return (ISC_R_NOSPACE);
 	}
 	result = dns_ds_buildrdata(name, cdnskey, dt, r.base, ds);
 	if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
-		isc_buffer_add(buf, DNS_DS_BUFFERSIZE);
+		ISC_LIST_APPEND(rdlist->rdata, rdata, link);
 	} else {
 		isc_mem_put(mctx, rdata, sizeof(*rdata));
 	}
 	return (result);
 }
 /*
 * This basically copies the rdata into the buffer, but going via the
 * unpacked struct has the side-effect of changing the rdatatype. The
 * dns_rdata_cds_t and dns_rdata_ds_t types are aliases.
 */
 static isc_result_t
-append_new_ds_set(ds_maker_func_t *ds_from_rdata, isc_buffer_t *buf,
+ds_from_cds(dns_rdatalist_t *dslist, isc_buffer_t *buf, dns_rdata_t *cds) {
 		  dns_rdatalist_t *dslist, dns_dsdigest_t dt,
 		  dns_rdataset_t *crdset) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	dns_rdata_ds_t ds;
 	dns_rdata_t *rdata;
-	for (result = dns_rdataset_first(crdset); result == ISC_R_SUCCESS;
+	REQUIRE(buf != NULL);
 	     result = dns_rdataset_next(crdset))
 	{
 		dns_rdata_t crdata = DNS_RDATA_INIT;
 		dns_rdata_t *ds = NULL;
-		dns_rdataset_current(crdset, &crdata);
+	rdata = rdata_get();
-		ds = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(*ds));
+	result = dns_rdata_tostruct(cds, &ds, NULL);
-		dns_rdata_init(ds);
+	check_result(result, "dns_rdata_tostruct(CDS)");
 	ds.common.rdtype = dns_rdatatype_ds;
-		result = ds_from_rdata(buf, ds, dt, &crdata);
+	result = dns_rdata_fromstruct(rdata, rdclass, dns_rdatatype_ds, &ds,
 				      buf);
-		switch (result) {
+	return (rdata_put(result, dslist, rdata));
-		case ISC_R_SUCCESS:
+}
-			ISC_LIST_APPEND(dslist->rdata, ds, link);
+
-			break;
+static isc_result_t
-		case ISC_R_IGNORE:
+ds_from_cdnskey(dns_rdatalist_t *dslist, isc_buffer_t *buf,
-			isc_mem_put(mctx, ds, sizeof(*ds));
+		dns_rdata_t *cdnskey) {
-			continue;
+	isc_result_t result;
-		case ISC_R_NOSPACE:
+	unsigned i, n;
-			isc_mem_put(mctx, ds, sizeof(*ds));
+
-			return (result);
+	REQUIRE(buf != NULL);
-		default:
+
-			check_result(result, "ds_from_rdata()");
+	n = sizeof(dtype) / sizeof(dtype[0]);
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		if (dtype[i] != 0) {
 			dns_rdata_t *rdata;
 			isc_region_t r;
 			isc_buffer_availableregion(buf, &r);
 			if (r.length < DNS_DS_BUFFERSIZE) {
 				return (ISC_R_NOSPACE);
 			}
 			rdata = rdata_get();
 			result = dns_ds_buildrdata(name, cdnskey, dtype[i],
 						   r.base, rdata);
 			if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 				isc_buffer_add(buf, DNS_DS_BUFFERSIZE);
 			}
 			result = rdata_put(result, dslist, rdata);
 			if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 				return (result);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -805,14 +807,14 @@ append_new_ds_set(ds_maker_func_t *ds_from_rdata, isc_buffer_t *buf,
 static void
 make_new_ds_set(ds_maker_func_t *ds_from_rdata, uint32_t ttl,
-		dns_rdataset_t *crdset) {
+		dns_rdataset_t *rdset) {
 	isc_result_t result;
 	dns_rdatalist_t *dslist;
 	unsigned int size = 16;
 	unsigned i, n;
 	for (;;) {
 		isc_result_t result;
 		dns_rdatalist_t *dslist;
 		dslist = isc_mem_get(mctx, sizeof(*dslist));
 		dns_rdatalist_init(dslist);
 		dslist->rdclass = rdclass;
 		dslist->type = dns_rdatatype_ds;
@@ -824,22 +826,29 @@ make_new_ds_set(ds_maker_func_t *ds_from_rdata, uint32_t ttl,
 		isc_buffer_allocate(mctx, &new_ds_buf, size);
-		n = sizeof(dtype) / sizeof(dtype[0]);
+		for (result = dns_rdataset_first(rdset);
-		for (i = 0; i < n && dtype[i] != 0; i++) {
+		     result == ISC_R_SUCCESS; result = dns_rdataset_next(rdset))
-			result = append_new_ds_set(ds_from_rdata, new_ds_buf,
+		{
-						   dslist, dtype[i], crdset);
+			isc_result_t tresult;
-			if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
+			dns_rdata_t rdata = DNS_RDATA_INIT;
 			dns_rdataset_current(rdset, &rdata);
 			tresult = ds_from_rdata(dslist, new_ds_buf, &rdata);
 			if (tresult == ISC_R_NOSPACE) {
 				vbprintf(20, "DS list buffer size %u\n", size);
 				freelist(&new_ds_set);
 				isc_buffer_free(&new_ds_buf);
 				size *= 2;
 				break;
 			}
-		}
+
-		if (result == ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
+			check_result(tresult, "ds_from_rdata()");
 			return;
 		}
-		vbprintf(2, "doubling DS list buffer size from %u\n", size);
+		if (result == ISC_R_NOMORE) {
-		freelist(&new_ds_set);
+			break;
-		isc_buffer_free(&new_ds_buf);
+		}
 		size *= 2;
 	}
 }
@@ -864,9 +873,8 @@ consistent_digests(dns_rdataset_t *dsset) {
 	int i, j, n, d;
 	/*
-	 * First sort the dsset. DS rdata fields are tag, algorithm,
+	 * First sort the dsset. DS rdata fields are tag, algorithm, digest,
-	 * digest, so sorting them brings together all the records for
+	 * so sorting them brings together all the records for each key.
 	 * each key.
 	 */
 	n = dns_rdataset_count(dsset);
@@ -1057,6 +1065,11 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	isc_commandline_errprint = false;
 #define OPTIONS "a:c:Dd:f:i:ms:T:uv:V"
@@ -1079,8 +1092,8 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 			break;
 		case 'i':
 			/*
-			 * This is a bodge to make the argument
+			 * This is a bodge to make the argument optional,
-			 * optional, so that it works just like sed(1).
+			 * so that it works just like sed(1).
 			 */
 			if (isc_commandline_argument ==
 			    argv[isc_commandline_index - 1]) {
@@ -1183,10 +1196,9 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 	old_key_tbl = match_keyset_dsset(&dnskey_set, &old_ds_set, LOOSE);
 	/*
-	 * We have now identified the keys that are allowed to
+	 * We have now identified the keys that are allowed to authenticate
-	 * authenticate the DNSKEY RRset (RFC 4035 section 5.2 bullet
+	 * the DNSKEY RRset (RFC 4035 section 5.2 bullet 2), and CDNSKEY and
-	 * 2), and CDNSKEY and CDS RRsets (RFC 7344 section 4.1 bullet
+	 * CDS RRsets (RFC 7344 section 4.1 bullet 2).
 	 * 2).
 	 */
 	vbprintf(1, "verify DNSKEY signature(s)\n");
@@ -1251,24 +1263,6 @@ main(int argc, char *argv[]) {
 		make_new_ds_set(ds_from_cdnskey, ttl, &cdnskey_set);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Try to use CDNSKEY records if the CDS records are missing
 	 * or did not match.
 	 */
 	if (dns_rdataset_count(&new_ds_set) == 0 &&
 	    dns_rdataset_isassociated(&cdnskey_set))
 	{
 		vbprintf(1, "CDS records have no allowed digest types; "
 			    "using CDNSKEY instead\n");
 		freelist(&new_ds_set);
 		isc_buffer_free(&new_ds_buf);
 		make_new_ds_set(ds_from_cdnskey, ttl, &cdnskey_set);
 	}
 	if (dns_rdataset_count(&new_ds_set) == 0) {
 		fatal("CDS records at %s do not match any -a digest types",
 		      namestr);
 	}
 	/*
 	 * Now we have a candidate DS RRset, we need to check it
 	 * won't break the delegation.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ dnssec-cds - change DS records for a child zone based on CDS/CDNSKEY
 Synopsis
 ~~~~~~~~
-:program:`dnssec-cds` [**-a** alg...] [**-c** class] [**-D**] {**-d** dsset-file} {**-f** child-file} [**-i**[extension]] [**-s** start-time] [**-T** ttl] [**-u**] [**-v** level] [**-V**] {domain}
+:program:`dnssec-cds` [**-a** alg...] [**-c** class] [**-D**] {**-d** dsset-file} {**-f** child-file} [**-i** [extension]] [**-s** start-time] [**-T** ttl] [**-u**] [**-v** level] [**-V**] {domain}
 Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ The ``dnssec-cds`` command changes DS records at a delegation point
 based on CDS or CDNSKEY records published in the child zone. If both CDS
 and CDNSKEY records are present in the child zone, the CDS is preferred.
 This enables a child zone to inform its parent of upcoming changes to
-its key-signing keys (KSKs); by polling periodically with ``dnssec-cds``, the
+its key-signing keys; by polling periodically with ``dnssec-cds``, the
-parent can keep the DS records up-to-date and enable automatic rolling
+parent can keep the DS records up to date and enable automatic rolling
 of KSKs.
 Two input files are required. The ``-f child-file`` option specifies a
@@ -52,12 +52,12 @@ output of a previous run of ``dnssec-cds``.
 The ``dnssec-cds`` command uses special DNSSEC validation logic
 specified by :rfc:`7344`. It requires that the CDS and/or CDNSKEY records
-be validly signed by a key represented in the existing DS records. This
+are validly signed by a key represented in the existing DS records. This
-is typically the pre-existing KSK.
+will typically be the pre-existing key-signing key (KSK).
 For protection against replay attacks, the signatures on the child
 records must not be older than they were on a previous run of
-``dnssec-cds``. Their age is obtained from the modification time of the
+``dnssec-cds``. This time is obtained from the modification time of the
 ``dsset-`` file, or from the ``-s`` option.
 To protect against breaking the delegation, ``dnssec-cds`` ensures that
@@ -67,109 +67,103 @@ type.
 By default, replacement DS records are written to the standard output;
 with the ``-i`` option the input file is overwritten in place. The
-replacement DS records are the same as the existing records, when no
+replacement DS records will be the same as the existing records when no
-change is required. The output can be empty if the CDS/CDNSKEY records
+change is required. The output can be empty if the CDS / CDNSKEY records
-specify that the child zone wants to be insecure.
+specify that the child zone wants to go insecure.
-.. warning::
+Warning: Be careful not to delete the DS records when ``dnssec-cds``
-
+fails!
   Be careful not to delete the DS records when ``dnssec-cds`` fails!
 Alternatively, ``dnssec-cds -u`` writes an ``nsupdate`` script to the
-standard output. The ``-u`` and ``-i`` options can be used together to
+standard output. You can use the ``-u`` and ``-i`` options together to
 maintain a ``dsset-`` file as well as emit an ``nsupdate`` script.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-a algorithm``
+**-a** algorithm
-   When converting CDS records to DS records, this option specifies
+   Specify a digest algorithm to use when converting CDNSKEY records to
-   the acceptable digest algorithms. This option can be repeated, so
+   DS records. This option can be repeated, so that multiple DS records
-   that multiple digest types are allowed. If none of the CDS records
+   are created for each CDNSKEY record. This option has no effect when
-   use an acceptable digest type, ``dnssec-cds`` will try to use CDNSKEY
+   using CDS records.
   records instead; if there are no CDNSKEY records, it reports an error.
   When converting CDNSKEY records to DS records, this option specifies the
   digest algorithm to use. It can be repeated, so that multiple DS records
   are created for each CDNSKEY records.
   The algorithm must be one of SHA-1, SHA-256, or SHA-384. These values
-   are case-insensitive, and the hyphen may be omitted. If no algorithm
+   are case insensitive, and the hyphen may be omitted. If no algorithm
-   is specified, the default is SHA-256 only.
+   is specified, the default is SHA-256.
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option specifies the DNS class of the zones.
+   Specifies the DNS class of the zones.
-``-D``
+**-D**
-   This option generates DS records from CDNSKEY records if both CDS and CDNSKEY
+   Generate DS records from CDNSKEY records if both CDS and CDNSKEY
   records are present in the child zone. By default CDS records are
   preferred.
-``-d path``
+**-d** path
-   This specifies the location of the parent DS records. The path can be the name of a file
+   Location of the parent DS records. The path can be the name of a file
-   containing the DS records; if it is a directory, ``dnssec-cds``
+   containing the DS records, or if it is a directory, ``dnssec-cds``
   looks for a ``dsset-`` file for the domain inside the directory.
   To protect against replay attacks, child records are rejected if they
   were signed earlier than the modification time of the ``dsset-``
   file. This can be adjusted with the ``-s`` option.
-``-f child-file``
+**-f** child-file
-   This option specifies the file containing the child's CDS and/or CDNSKEY records, plus its
+   File containing the child's CDS and/or CDNSKEY records, plus its
-   DNSKEY records and the covering RRSIG records, so that they can be
+   DNSKEY records and the covering RRSIG records so that they can be
   authenticated.
-   The examples below describe how to generate this file.
+   The EXAMPLES below describe how to generate this file.
-``-iextension``
+**-iextension**
-   This option updates the ``dsset-`` file in place, instead of writing DS records to
+   Update the ``dsset-`` file in place, instead of writing DS records to
   the standard output.
-   There must be no space between the ``-i`` and the extension. If
+   There must be no space between the ``-i`` and the extension. If you
-   no extension is provided, the old ``dsset-`` is discarded. If an
+   provide no extension then the old ``dsset-`` is discarded. If an
   extension is present, a backup of the old ``dsset-`` file is kept
   with the extension appended to its filename.
   To protect against replay attacks, the modification time of the
   ``dsset-`` file is set to match the signature inception time of the
-   child records, provided that it is later than the file's current
+   child records, provided that is later than the file's current
   modification time.
-``-s start-time``
+**-s** start-time
-   This option specifies the date and time after which RRSIG records become
+   Specify the date and time after which RRSIG records become
-   acceptable. This can be either an absolute or a relative time. An
+   acceptable. This can be either an absolute or relative time. An
   absolute start time is indicated by a number in YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
   notation; 20170827133700 denotes 13:37:00 UTC on August 27th, 2017. A
-   time relative to the ``dsset-`` file is indicated with ``-N``, which is N
+   time relative to the ``dsset-`` file is indicated with -N, which is N
   seconds before the file modification time. A time relative to the
-   current time is indicated with ``now+N``.
+   current time is indicated with now+N.
   If no start-time is specified, the modification time of the
   ``dsset-`` file is used.
-``-T ttl``
+**-T** ttl
-   This option specifies a TTL to be used for new DS records. If not specified, the
+   Specifies a TTL to be used for new DS records. If not specified, the
-   default is the TTL of the old DS records. If they had no explicit TTL,
+   default is the TTL of the old DS records. If they had no explicit TTL
-   the new DS records also have no explicit TTL.
+   then the new DS records also have no explicit TTL.
-``-u``
+**-u**
-   This option writes an ``nsupdate`` script to the standard output, instead of
+   Write an ``nsupdate`` script to the standard output, instead of
-   printing the new DS reords. The output is empty if no change is
+   printing the new DS reords. The output will be empty if no change is
   needed.
-   Note: The TTL of new records needs to be specified: it can be done in the
+   Note: The TTL of new records needs to be specified, either in the
-   original ``dsset-`` file, with the ``-T`` option, or using the
+   original ``dsset-`` file, or with the ``-T`` option, or using the
   ``nsupdate`` ``ttl`` command.
-``-V``
+**-V**
-   This option prints version information.
+   Print version information.
-``-v level``
+**-v** level
-   This option sets the debugging level. Level 1 is intended to be usefully verbose
+   Sets the debugging level. Level 1 is intended to be usefully verbose
   for general users; higher levels are intended for developers.
-``domain``
+domain
-   This indicates the name of the delegation point/child zone apex.
+   The name of the delegation point / child zone apex.
 Exit Status
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
@@ -177,17 +171,17 @@ Exit Status
 The ``dnssec-cds`` command exits 0 on success, or non-zero if an error
 occurred.
-If successful, the DS records may or may not need to be
+In the success case, the DS records might or might not need to be
 changed.
 Examples
 ~~~~~~~~
-Before running ``dnssec-signzone``, ensure that the delegations
+Before running ``dnssec-signzone``, you can ensure that the delegations
 are up-to-date by running ``dnssec-cds`` on every ``dsset-`` file.
-To fetch the child records required by ``dnssec-cds``, invoke
+To fetch the child records required by ``dnssec-cds`` you can invoke
-``dig`` as in the script below. It is acceptable if the ``dig`` fails, since
+``dig`` as in the script below. It's okay if the ``dig`` fails since
 ``dnssec-cds`` performs all the necessary checking.
 ::
@@ -199,10 +193,10 @@ To fetch the child records required by ``dnssec-cds``, invoke
       dnssec-cds -i -f /dev/stdin -d $f $d
   done
-When the parent zone is automatically signed by ``named``,
+When the parent zone is automatically signed by ``named``, you can use
-``dnssec-cds`` can be used with ``nsupdate`` to maintain a delegation as follows.
+``dnssec-cds`` with ``nsupdate`` to maintain a delegation as follows.
 The ``dsset-`` file allows the script to avoid having to fetch and
-validate the parent DS records, and it maintains the replay attack
+validate the parent DS records, and it keeps the replay attack
 protection time.
 ::
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -18,11 +18,9 @@
 #include <isc/attributes.h>
 #include <isc/buffer.h>
 #include <isc/commandline.h>
 #include <isc/dir.h>
 #include <isc/hash.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
@@ -40,9 +38,14 @@
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatasetiter.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include "dnssectool.h"
 const char *program = "dnssec-dsfromkey";
@@ -212,7 +215,7 @@ loadkey(char *filename, unsigned char *key_buf, unsigned int key_buf_size,
 	rdclass = dst_key_class(key);
 	name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fixed);
-	dns_name_copy(dst_key_name(key), name);
+	dns_name_copynf(dst_key_name(key), name);
 	dst_key_free(&key);
 }
@@ -373,6 +376,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	isc_commandline_errprint = false;
 #define OPTIONS "12Aa:Cc:d:Ff:K:l:sT:v:hV"
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` command outputs DS (Delegation Signer) resource records
 The input keys can be specified in a number of ways:
-By default, ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` reads a key file named in the format
+By default, ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` reads a key file named like
 ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key``, as generated by ``dnssec-keygen``.
 With the ``-f file`` option, ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` reads keys from a zone
@@ -57,73 +57,73 @@ as generated by ``dnssec-keygen`` ``-C``.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-1``
+**-1**
-   This option is an abbreviation for ``-a SHA1``.
+   An abbreviation for ``-a SHA1``
-``-2``
+**-2**
-   This option is an abbreviation for ``-a SHA-256``.
+   An abbreviation for ``-a SHA-256``
-``-a algorithm``
+**-a** algorithm
-   This option specifies a digest algorithm to use when converting DNSKEY records to
+   Specify a digest algorithm to use when converting DNSKEY records to
   DS records. This option can be repeated, so that multiple DS records
   are created for each DNSKEY record.
   The algorithm must be one of SHA-1, SHA-256, or SHA-384. These values
-   are case-insensitive, and the hyphen may be omitted. If no algorithm
+   are case insensitive, and the hyphen may be omitted. If no algorithm
   is specified, the default is SHA-256.
-``-A``
+**-A**
-   This option indicates that ZSKs are to be included when generating DS records. Without this option, only
+   Include ZSKs when generating DS records. Without this option, only
-   keys which have the KSK flag set are converted to DS records and
+   keys which have the KSK flag set will be converted to DS records and
-   printed. This option is only useful in ``-f`` zone file mode.
+   printed. Useful only in ``-f`` zone file mode.
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option specifies the DNS class; the default is IN. This option is only useful in ``-s`` keyset
+   Specifies the DNS class (default is IN). Useful only in ``-s`` keyset
   or ``-f`` zone file mode.
-``-C``
+**-C**
-   This option generates CDS records rather than DS records.
+   Generate CDS records rather than DS records.
-``-f file``
+**-f** file
-   This option sets zone file mode, in which the final dnsname argument of ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` is the
+   Zone file mode: ``dnssec-dsfromkey``'s final dnsname argument is the
   DNS domain name of a zone whose master file can be read from
   ``file``. If the zone name is the same as ``file``, then it may be
   omitted.
-   If ``file`` is ``-``, then the zone data is read from the standard
+   If file is ``"-"``, then the zone data is read from the standard
   input. This makes it possible to use the output of the ``dig``
   command as input, as in:
   ``dig dnskey example.com | dnssec-dsfromkey -f - example.com``
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option prints usage information.
+   Prints usage information.
-``-K directory``
+**-K** directory
-   This option tells BIND 9 to look for key files or ``keyset-`` files in ``directory``.
+   Look for key files or ``keyset-`` files in ``directory``.
-``-s``
+**-s**
-   This option enables keyset mode, in which the final dnsname argument from ``dnssec-dsfromkey`` is the DNS
+   Keyset mode: ``dnssec-dsfromkey``'s final dnsname argument is the DNS
   domain name used to locate a ``keyset-`` file.
-``-T TTL``
+**-T** TTL
-   This option specifies the TTL of the DS records. By default the TTL is omitted.
+   Specifies the TTL of the DS records. By default the TTL is omitted.
-``-v level``
+**-v** level
-   This option sets the debugging level.
+   Sets the debugging level.
-``-V``
+**-V**
-   This option prints version information.
+   Prints version information.
 Example
 ~~~~~~~
-To build the SHA-256 DS RR from the ``Kexample.com.+003+26160`` keyfile,
+To build the SHA-256 DS RR from the ``Kexample.com.+003+26160`` keyfile
-issue the following command:
+name, you can issue the following command:
 ``dnssec-dsfromkey -2 Kexample.com.+003+26160``
-The command returns something similar to:
+The command would print something like:
 ``example.com. IN DS 26160 5 2 3A1EADA7A74B8D0BA86726B0C227AA85AB8BBD2B2004F41A868A54F0C5EA0B94``
@@ -131,16 +131,16 @@ Files
 ~~~~~
 The keyfile can be designated by the key identification
-``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii`` or the full file name ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key``, as
+``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii`` or the full file name ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key`` as
-generated by ``dnssec-keygen``.
+generated by dnssec-keygen8.
 The keyset file name is built from the ``directory``, the string
-``keyset-``, and the ``dnsname``.
+``keyset-`` and the ``dnsname``.
 Caveat
 ~~~~~~
-A keyfile error may return "file not found," even if the file exists.
+A keyfile error can give a "file not found" even if the file exists.
 See Also
 ~~~~~~~~
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 #include <isc/hash.h>
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
@@ -38,9 +37,14 @@
 #include <dns/rdataset.h>
 #include <dns/rdatasetiter.h>
 #include <dns/rdatatype.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include "dnssectool.h"
 const char *program = "dnssec-importkey";
@@ -181,7 +185,7 @@ loadkey(char *filename, unsigned char *key_buf, unsigned int key_buf_size,
 	rdclass = dst_key_class(key);
 	name = dns_fixedname_initname(&fixed);
-	dns_name_copy(dst_key_name(key), name);
+	dns_name_copynf(dst_key_name(key), name);
 	dst_key_free(&key);
 }
@@ -312,6 +316,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	isc_commandline_errprint = false;
 #define CMDLINE_FLAGS "D:f:hK:L:P:v:V"
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -37,12 +37,12 @@ Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
 ``dnssec-importkey`` reads a public DNSKEY record and generates a pair
-of .key/.private files. The DNSKEY record may be read from an
+of .key/.private files. The DNSKEY record may be read from an existing
-existing .key file, in which case a corresponding .private file is
+.key file, in which case a corresponding .private file will be
 generated, or it may be read from any other file or from the standard
-input, in which case both .key and .private files are generated.
+input, in which case both .key and .private files will be generated.
-The newly created .private file does *not* contain private key data, and
+The newly-created .private file does *not* contain private key data, and
 cannot be used for signing. However, having a .private file makes it
 possible to set publication (``-P``) and deletion (``-D``) times for the
 key, which means the public key can be added to and removed from the
@@ -51,73 +51,73 @@ DNSKEY RRset on schedule even if the true private key is stored offline.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-f filename``
+**-f** filename
-   This option indicates the zone file mode. Instead of a public keyfile name, the argument is the
+   Zone file mode: instead of a public keyfile name, the argument is the
   DNS domain name of a zone master file, which can be read from
-   ``filename``. If the domain name is the same as ``filename``, then it may be
+   ``file``. If the domain name is the same as ``file``, then it may be
   omitted.
-   If ``filename`` is set to ``"-"``, then the zone data is read from the
+   If ``file`` is set to ``"-"``, then the zone data is read from the
   standard input.
-``-K directory``
+**-K** directory
-   This option sets the directory in which the key files are to reside.
+   Sets the directory in which the key files are to reside.
-``-L ttl``
+**-L** ttl
-   This option sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a
+   Sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a
-   DNSKEY RR. This is the TTL used when the key is imported into a zone,
+   DNSKEY RR. If the key is imported into a zone, this is the TTL that
-   unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
+   will be used for it, unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
-   place, in which case the existing TTL takes precedence. Setting the default TTL to ``0`` or ``none``
+   place, in which case the existing TTL would take precedence. Setting
-   removes it from the key.
+   the default TTL to ``0`` or ``none`` removes it.
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option emits a usage message and exits.
+   Emit usage message and exit.
-``-v level``
+**-v** level
-   This option sets the debugging level.
+   Sets the debugging level.
-``-V``
+**-V**
-   This option prints version information.
+   Prints version information.
 Timing Options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS. If the
-argument begins with a ``+`` or ``-``, it is interpreted as an offset from
+argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as an offset from
 the present time. For convenience, if such an offset is followed by one
-of the suffixes ``y``, ``mo``, ``w``, ``d``, ``h``, or ``mi``, then the offset is
+of the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi', then the offset is
 computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour days, ignoring leap years),
 months (defined as 30 24-hour days), weeks, days, hours, or minutes,
 respectively. Without a suffix, the offset is computed in seconds. To
-explicitly prevent a date from being set, use ``none`` or ``never``.
+explicitly prevent a date from being set, use 'none' or 'never'.
-``-P date/offset``
+**-P** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After
+   Sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After
-   that date, the key is included in the zone but is not used
+   that date, the key will be included in the zone but will not be used
   to sign it.
-``-P sync date/offset``
+**-P** sync date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key
+   Sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key
   are to be published to the zone.
-``-D date/offset``
+**-D** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the
+   Sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the
-   key is no longer included in the zone. (However, it may remain in the key
+   key will no longer be included in the zone. (It may remain in the key
-   repository.)
+   repository, however.)
-``-D sync date/offset``
+**-D** sync date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this
+   Sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this
   key are to be deleted.
 Files
 ~~~~~
 A keyfile can be designed by the key identification ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii``
-or the full file name ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key``, as generated by
+or the full file name ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key`` as generated by
-``dnssec-keygen``.
+dnssec-keygen8.
 See Also
-~~~~~~~~
+--------
 :manpage:`dnssec-keygen(8)`, :manpage:`dnssec-signzone(8)`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
 :rfc:`5011`.
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -22,20 +22,26 @@
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/region.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
 #include <pk11/site.h>
 #include <dns/dnssec.h>
 #include <dns/fixedname.h>
 #include <dns/keyvalues.h>
 #include <dns/log.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
 #include <dns/rdataclass.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/secalg.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include "dnssectool.h"
 #define MAX_RSA 4096 /* should be long enough... */
@@ -63,7 +69,14 @@ usage(void) {
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -3: use NSEC3-capable algorithm\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -c class (default: IN)\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -E <engine>:\n");
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		"        path to PKCS#11 provider library "
 		"(default is %s)\n",
 		PK11_LIB_LOCATION);
 #else  /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	fprintf(stderr, "        name of an OpenSSL engine to use\n");
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -f keyflag: KSK | REVOKE\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -K directory: directory in which to place "
 			"key files\n");
@@ -157,6 +170,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	isc_mem_create(&mctx);
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	isc_commandline_errprint = false;
 	isc_stdtime_get(&now);
@@ -344,6 +362,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	setup_logging(mctx, &log);
 	if (predecessor == NULL) {
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		if (label == NULL) {
 			fatal("the key label was not specified");
 		}
@@ -365,6 +384,7 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 			      isc_result_totext(ret));
 		}
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		if (strchr(label, ':') == NULL) {
 			char *l;
 			int len;
@@ -376,11 +396,13 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 			label = l;
 		}
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		if (algname == NULL) {
 			fatal("no algorithm specified");
 		}
 		r.base = algname;
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		r.length = strlen(algname);
 		ret = dns_secalg_fromtext(&alg, &r);
 		if (ret != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
@@ -604,7 +626,12 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	isc_buffer_init(&buf, filename, sizeof(filename) - 1);
 	/* associate the key */
-	ret = dst_key_fromlabel(name, alg, flags, protocol, rdclass, engine,
+	ret = dst_key_fromlabel(name, alg, flags, protocol, rdclass,
 #if USE_PKCS11
 				"pkcs11",
 #else  /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 				engine,
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 				label, NULL, mctx, &key);
 	if (ret != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
   This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
   License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
-   file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+   file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
   See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
   information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -34,11 +34,11 @@ Synopsis
 Description
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
-``dnssec-keyfromlabel`` generates a pair of key files that reference a
+``dnssec-keyfromlabel`` generates a key pair of files that referencing a
 key object stored in a cryptographic hardware service module (HSM). The
 private key file can be used for DNSSEC signing of zone data as if it
 were a conventional signing key created by ``dnssec-keygen``, but the
-key material is stored within the HSM and the actual signing takes
+key material is stored within the HSM, and the actual signing takes
 place there.
 The ``name`` of the key is specified on the command line. This must
@@ -47,176 +47,194 @@ match the name of the zone for which the key is being generated.
 Options
 ~~~~~~~
-``-a algorithm``
+**-a** algorithm
-   This option selects the cryptographic algorithm. The value of ``algorithm`` must
+   Selects the cryptographic algorithm. The value of ``algorithm`` must
   be one of RSASHA1, NSEC3RSASHA1, RSASHA256, RSASHA512,
-   ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384, ED25519, or ED448.
+   ECDSAP256SHA256, ECDSAP384SHA384, ED25519 or ED448.
-   If no algorithm is specified, RSASHA1 is used by default
+   If no algorithm is specified, then RSASHA1 will be used by default,
   unless the ``-3`` option is specified, in which case NSEC3RSASHA1
-   is used instead. (If ``-3`` is used and an algorithm is
+   will be used instead. (If ``-3`` is used and an algorithm is
-   specified, that algorithm is checked for compatibility with
+   specified, that algorithm will be checked for compatibility with
   NSEC3.)
-   These values are case-insensitive. In some cases, abbreviations are
+   These values are case insensitive. In some cases, abbreviations are
   supported, such as ECDSA256 for ECDSAP256SHA256 and ECDSA384 for
   ECDSAP384SHA384. If RSASHA1 is specified along with the ``-3``
-   option, then NSEC3RSASHA1 is used instead.
+   option, then NSEC3RSASHA1 will be used instead.
-   Since BIND 9.12.0, this option is mandatory except when using the
+   As of BIND 9.12.0, this option is mandatory except when using the
-   ``-S`` option, which copies the algorithm from the predecessory key.
+   ``-S`` option (which copies the algorithm from the predecessory key).
   Previously, the default for newly generated keys was RSASHA1.
-``-3``
+**-3**
-   This option uses an NSEC3-capable algorithm to generate a DNSSEC key. If this
+   Use an NSEC3-capable algorithm to generate a DNSSEC key. If this
   option is used with an algorithm that has both NSEC and NSEC3
-   versions, then the NSEC3 version is used; for example,
+   versions, then the NSEC3 version will be used; for example,
   ``dnssec-keygen -3a RSASHA1`` specifies the NSEC3RSASHA1 algorithm.
-``-E engine``
+**-E** engine
-   This option specifies the cryptographic hardware to use.
+   Specifies the cryptographic hardware to use.
-   When BIND 9 is built with OpenSSL, this needs to be set to the OpenSSL
+   When BIND is built with OpenSSL PKCS#11 support, this defaults to the
-   engine identifier that drives the cryptographic accelerator or
+   string "pkcs11", which identifies an OpenSSL engine that can drive a
-   hardware service module (usually ``pkcs11``).
+   cryptographic accelerator or hardware service module. When BIND is
   built with native PKCS#11 cryptography (--enable-native-pkcs11), it
   defaults to the path of the PKCS#11 provider library specified via
   "--with-pkcs11".
-``-l label``
+**-l** label
-   This option specifies the label for a key pair in the crypto hardware.
+   Specifies the label for a key pair in the crypto hardware.
   When BIND 9 is built with OpenSSL-based PKCS#11 support, the label is
   an arbitrary string that identifies a particular key. It may be
   preceded by an optional OpenSSL engine name, followed by a colon, as
-   in ``pkcs11:keylabel``.
+   in "pkcs11:keylabel".
-``-n nametype``
+   When BIND 9 is built with native PKCS#11 support, the label is a
-   This option specifies the owner type of the key. The value of ``nametype`` must
+   PKCS#11 URI string in the format
   "pkcs11:``keyword``\ =value[;\ ``keyword``\ =value;...]" Keywords
   include "token", which identifies the HSM; "object", which identifies
   the key; and "pin-source", which identifies a file from which the
   HSM's PIN code can be obtained. The label will be stored in the
   on-disk "private" file.
   If the label contains a ``pin-source`` field, tools using the
   generated key files will be able to use the HSM for signing and other
   operations without any need for an operator to manually enter a PIN.
   Note: Making the HSM's PIN accessible in this manner may reduce the
   security advantage of using an HSM; be sure this is what you want to
   do before making use of this feature.
 **-n** nametype
   Specifies the owner type of the key. The value of ``nametype`` must
   either be ZONE (for a DNSSEC zone key (KEY/DNSKEY)), HOST or ENTITY
   (for a key associated with a host (KEY)), USER (for a key associated
-   with a user (KEY)), or OTHER (DNSKEY). These values are
+   with a user(KEY)) or OTHER (DNSKEY). These values are case
-   case-insensitive.
+   insensitive.
-``-C``
+**-C**
-   This option enables compatibility mode, which generates an old-style key, without any metadata.
+   Compatibility mode: generates an old-style key, without any metadata.
-   By default, ``dnssec-keyfromlabel`` includes the key's creation
+   By default, ``dnssec-keyfromlabel`` will include the key's creation
-   date in the metadata stored with the private key; other dates may
+   date in the metadata stored with the private key, and other dates may
-   be set there as well, including publication date, activation date, etc. Keys
+   be set there as well (publication date, activation date, etc). Keys
   that include this data may be incompatible with older versions of
   BIND; the ``-C`` option suppresses them.
-``-c class``
+**-c** class
-   This option indicates that the DNS record containing the key should have the
+   Indicates that the DNS record containing the key should have the
   specified class. If not specified, class IN is used.
-``-f flag``
+**-f** flag
-   This option sets the specified flag in the ``flag`` field of the KEY/DNSKEY record.
+   Set the specified flag in the flag field of the KEY/DNSKEY record.
-   The only recognized flags are KSK (Key-Signing Key) and REVOKE.
+   The only recognized flags are KSK (Key Signing Key) and REVOKE.
-``-G``
+**-G**
-   This option generates a key, but does not publish it or sign with it. This option is
+   Generate a key, but do not publish it or sign with it. This option is
-   incompatible with ``-P`` and ``-A``.
+   incompatible with -P and -A.
-``-h``
+**-h**
-   This option prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
+   Prints a short summary of the options and arguments to
   ``dnssec-keyfromlabel``.
-``-K directory``
+**-K** directory
-   This option sets the directory in which the key files are to be written.
+   Sets the directory in which the key files are to be written.
-``-k``
+**-k**
-   This option generates KEY records rather than DNSKEY records.
+   Generate KEY records rather than DNSKEY records.
-``-L`` ttl
+**-L** ttl
-   This option sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a
+   Sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a
-   DNSKEY RR. This is the TTL used when the key is imported into a zone,
+   DNSKEY RR. If the key is imported into a zone, this is the TTL that
-   unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
+   will be used for it, unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
   place, in which case the existing TTL would take precedence. Setting
   the default TTL to ``0`` or ``none`` removes it.
-``-p protocol``
+**-p** protocol
-   This option sets the protocol value for the key. The protocol is a number between
+   Sets the protocol value for the key. The protocol is a number between
   0 and 255. The default is 3 (DNSSEC). Other possible values for this
   argument are listed in :rfc:`2535` and its successors.
-``-S key``
+**-S** key
-   This option generates a key as an explicit successor to an existing key. The name,
+   Generate a key as an explicit successor to an existing key. The name,
-   algorithm, size, and type of the key are set to match the
+   algorithm, size, and type of the key will be set to match the
-   predecessor. The activation date of the new key is set to the
+   predecessor. The activation date of the new key will be set to the
-   inactivation date of the existing one. The publication date is
+   inactivation date of the existing one. The publication date will be
   set to the activation date minus the prepublication interval, which
   defaults to 30 days.
-``-t type``
+**-t** type
-   This option indicates the type of the key. ``type`` must be one of AUTHCONF,
+   Indicates the use of the key. ``type`` must be one of AUTHCONF,
   NOAUTHCONF, NOAUTH, or NOCONF. The default is AUTHCONF. AUTH refers
-   to the ability to authenticate data, and CONF to the ability to encrypt
+   to the ability to authenticate data, and CONF the ability to encrypt
   data.
-``-v level``
+**-v** level
-   This option sets the debugging level.
+   Sets the debugging level.
-``-V``
+**-V**
-   This option prints version information.
+   Prints version information.
-``-y``
+**-y**
-   This option allows DNSSEC key files to be generated even if the key ID would
+   Allows DNSSEC key files to be generated even if the key ID would
   collide with that of an existing key, in the event of either key
-   being revoked. (This is only safe to enable if
+   being revoked. (This is only safe to use if you are sure you won't be
-   :rfc:`5011` trust anchor maintenance is not used with either of the keys
+   using :rfc:`5011` trust anchor maintenance with either of the keys
   involved.)
 Timing Options
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS. If the
-argument begins with a ``+`` or ``-``, it is interpreted as an offset from
+argument begins with a '+' or '-', it is interpreted as an offset from
 the present time. For convenience, if such an offset is followed by one
-of the suffixes ``y``, ``mo``, ``w``, ``d``, ``h``, or ``mi``, then the offset is
+of the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi', then the offset is
 computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour days, ignoring leap years),
 months (defined as 30 24-hour days), weeks, days, hours, or minutes,
 respectively. Without a suffix, the offset is computed in seconds. To
-explicitly prevent a date from being set, use ``none`` or ``never``.
+explicitly prevent a date from being set, use 'none' or 'never'.
-``-P date/offset``
+**-P** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After
+   Sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After
-   that date, the key is included in the zone but is not used
+   that date, the key will be included in the zone but will not be used
-   to sign it. If not set, and if the ``-G`` option has not been used, the
+   to sign it. If not set, and if the -G option has not been used, the
-   default is the current date.
+   default is "now".
-``-P sync date/offset``
+**-P** sync date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key
+   Sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records which match this
-   are to be published to the zone.
+   key are to be published to the zone.
-``-A date/offset``
+**-A** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that date,
+   Sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that date,
-   the key is included in the zone and used to sign it. If not set,
+   the key will be included in the zone and used to sign it. If not set,
-   and if the ``-G`` option has not been used, the default is the current date.
+   and if the -G option has not been used, the default is "now".
-``-R date/offset``
+**-R** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that date, the
+   Sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that date, the
-   key is flagged as revoked. It is included in the zone and
+   key will be flagged as revoked. It will be included in the zone and
-   is used to sign it.
+   will be used to sign it.
-``-I date/offset``
+**-I** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that date, the
+   Sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that date, the
-   key is still included in the zone, but it is not used to
+   key will still be included in the zone, but it will not be used to
   sign it.
-``-D date/offset``
+**-D** date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the
+   Sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the
-   key is no longer included in the zone. (However, it may remain in the key
+   key will no longer be included in the zone. (It may remain in the key
-   repository.)
+   repository, however.)
-``-D sync date/offset``
+**-D** sync date/offset
-   This option sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this
+   Sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records which match this
   key are to be deleted.
-``-i interval``
+**-i** interval
-   This option sets the prepublication interval for a key. If set, then the
+   Sets the prepublication interval for a key. If set, then the
   publication and activation dates must be separated by at least this
   much time. If the activation date is specified but the publication
-   date is not, the publication date defaults to this much time
+   date isn't, then the publication date will default to this much time
   before the activation date; conversely, if the publication date is
-   specified but not the activation date, activation is set to
+   specified but activation date isn't, then activation will be set to
   this much time after publication.
   If the key is being created as an explicit successor to another key,
@@ -224,7 +242,7 @@ explicitly prevent a date from being set, use ``none`` or ``never``.
   zero.
   As with date offsets, if the argument is followed by one of the
-   suffixes ``y``, ``mo``, ``w``, ``d``, ``h``, or ``mi``, the interval is
+   suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd', 'h', or 'mi', then the interval is
   measured in years, months, weeks, days, hours, or minutes,
   respectively. Without a suffix, the interval is measured in seconds.
@@ -246,7 +264,7 @@ printed string. ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key`` contains the public key, and
 ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private`` contains the private key.
 The ``.key`` file contains a DNS KEY record that can be inserted into a
-zone file (directly or with an $INCLUDE statement).
+zone file (directly or with a $INCLUDE statement).
 The ``.private`` file contains algorithm-specific fields. For obvious
 security reasons, this file does not have general read permission.
@@ -255,4 +273,4 @@ See Also
 ~~~~~~~~
 :manpage:`dnssec-keygen(8)`, :manpage:`dnssec-signzone(8)`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
-:rfc:`4034`, :rfc:`7512`.
+:rfc:`4034`, The PKCS#11 URI Scheme (draft-pechanec-pkcs11uri-13).
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 *
 * This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
 * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
- * file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
+ * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
 *
 * See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
 * information regarding copyright ownership.
@@ -37,10 +37,11 @@
 #include <isc/mem.h>
 #include <isc/print.h>
 #include <isc/region.h>
 #include <isc/result.h>
 #include <isc/string.h>
 #include <isc/util.h>
 #include <pk11/site.h>
 #include <dns/dnssec.h>
 #include <dns/fixedname.h>
 #include <dns/kasp.h>
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
 #include <dns/log.h>
 #include <dns/name.h>
 #include <dns/rdataclass.h>
 #include <dns/result.h>
 #include <dns/secalg.h>
 #include <dst/dst.h>
@@ -57,6 +59,10 @@
 #include <isccfg/kaspconf.h>
 #include <isccfg/namedconf.h>
 #if USE_PKCS11
 #include <pk11/result.h>
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 #include "dnssectool.h"
 #define MAX_RSA 4096 /* should be long enough... */
@@ -162,7 +168,14 @@ usage(void) {
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -c <class>: (default: IN)\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -d <digest bits> (0 => max, default)\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -E <engine>:\n");
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		"        path to PKCS#11 provider library "
 		"(default is %s)\n",
 		PK11_LIB_LOCATION);
 #else  /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	fprintf(stderr, "        name of an OpenSSL engine to use\n");
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -f <keyflag>: KSK | REVOKE\n");
 	fprintf(stderr, "    -g <generator>: use specified generator "
 			"(DH only)\n");
@@ -256,8 +269,8 @@ kasp_from_conf(cfg_obj_t *config, isc_mem_t *mctx, const char *name,
 			continue;
 		}
-		result = cfg_kasp_fromconfig(kconfig, NULL, mctx, lctx,
+		result = cfg_kasp_fromconfig(kconfig, mctx, lctx, &kasplist,
-					     &kasplist, &kasp);
+					     &kasp);
 		if (result != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
 			fatal("failed to configure dnssec-policy '%s': %s",
 			      cfg_obj_asstring(cfg_tuple_get(kconfig, "name")),
@@ -271,7 +284,7 @@ kasp_from_conf(cfg_obj_t *config, isc_mem_t *mctx, const char *name,
 	*kaspp = kasp;
 	/*
-	 * Cleanup kasp list.
+	 * Same cleanup for kasp list.
 	 */
 	for (kasp = ISC_LIST_HEAD(kasplist); kasp != NULL; kasp = kasp_next) {
 		kasp_next = ISC_LIST_NEXT(kasp, link);
@@ -769,7 +782,7 @@ keygen(keygen_ctx_t *ctx, isc_mem_t *mctx, int argc, char **argv) {
 		}
 		/* Set dnssec-policy related metadata */
-		if (ctx->policy != NULL) {
+		if (ctx->policy) {
 			dst_key_setnum(key, DST_NUM_LIFETIME, ctx->lifetime);
 			dst_key_setbool(key, DST_BOOL_KSK, ctx->ksk);
 			dst_key_setbool(key, DST_BOOL_ZSK, ctx->zsk);
@@ -868,6 +881,11 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 		usage();
 	}
 #if USE_PKCS11
 	pk11_result_register();
 #endif /* if USE_PKCS11 */
 	dns_result_register();
 	isc_commandline_errprint = false;
 	/*
@@ -891,6 +909,12 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 			{
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGUSAGE;
 			}
 			if (strcasecmp(isc_commandline_argument, "size") == 0) {
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGSIZE;
 			}
 			if (strcasecmp(isc_commandline_argument, "mctx") == 0) {
 				isc_mem_debugging |= ISC_MEM_DEBUGCTX;
 			}
 			break;
 		default:
 			break;
@@ -1156,10 +1180,12 @@ main(int argc, char **argv) {
 	}
 	if (ctx.predecessor == NULL && ctx.policy == NULL) {
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		if (algname == NULL) {
 			fatal("no algorithm specified");
 		}
 		r.base = algname;
 		/* cppcheck-suppress nullPointerRedundantCheck */
 		r.length = strlen(algname);
 		ret = dns_secalg_fromtext(&ctx.alg, &r);
 		if (ret != ISC_R_SUCCESS) {
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More