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<refentry id="man.rndc">
  <refentryinfo>
    <date>June 30, 2000</date>
  </refentryinfo>

  <refmeta>
    <refentrytitle><application>rndc</application></refentrytitle>
    <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
    <refmiscinfo>BIND9</refmiscinfo>
  </refmeta>

  <refnamediv>
    <refname><application>rndc</application></refname>
    <refpurpose>name server control utility</refpurpose>
  </refnamediv>

  <docinfo>
    <copyright>
      <year>2004</year>
      <year>2005</year>
      <year>2007</year>
      <holder>Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</holder>
    </copyright>
    <copyright>
      <year>2000</year>
      <year>2001</year>
      <holder>Internet Software Consortium.</holder>
    </copyright>
  </docinfo>

  <refsynopsisdiv>
    <cmdsynopsis>
      <command>rndc</command>
      <arg><option>-b <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-k <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-s <replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg><option>-V</option></arg>
      <arg><option>-y <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable></option></arg>
      <arg choice="req">command</arg>
    </cmdsynopsis>
  </refsynopsisdiv>

  <refsect1>
    <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
    <para><command>rndc</command>
      controls the operation of a name
      server.  It supersedes the <command>ndc</command> utility
      that was provided in old BIND releases.  If
      <command>rndc</command> is invoked with no command line
      options or arguments, it prints a short summary of the
      supported commands and the available options and their
      arguments.
    </para>
    <para><command>rndc</command>
      communicates with the name server
      over a TCP connection, sending commands authenticated with
      digital signatures.  In the current versions of
      <command>rndc</command> and <command>named</command>,
      the only supported authentication algorithm is HMAC-MD5,
      which uses a shared secret on each end of the connection.
      This provides TSIG-style authentication for the command
      request and the name server's response.  All commands sent
      over the channel must be signed by a key_id known to the
      server.
    </para>
    <para><command>rndc</command>
      reads a configuration file to
      determine how to contact the name server and decide what
      algorithm and key it should use.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>OPTIONS</title>

    <variablelist>
      <varlistentry>
        <term>-b <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Use <replaceable class="parameter">source-address</replaceable>
            as the source address for the connection to the server.
            Multiple instances are permitted to allow setting of both
            the IPv4 and IPv6 source addresses.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-c <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Use <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable>
            as the configuration file instead of the default,
            <filename>/etc/rndc.conf</filename>.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-k <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Use <replaceable class="parameter">key-file</replaceable>
            as the key file instead of the default,
            <filename>/etc/rndc.key</filename>.  The key in
            <filename>/etc/rndc.key</filename> will be used to
            authenticate
            commands sent to the server if the <replaceable class="parameter">config-file</replaceable>
            does not exist.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-s <replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para><replaceable class="parameter">server</replaceable> is
            the name or address of the server which matches a
            server statement in the configuration file for
            <command>rndc</command>.  If no server is supplied on the
            command line, the host named by the default-server clause
            in the options statement of the <command>rndc</command>
	    configuration file will be used.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-p <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Send commands to TCP port
            <replaceable class="parameter">port</replaceable>
            instead
            of BIND 9's default control channel port, 953.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-V</term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Enable verbose logging.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term>-y <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>
            Use the key <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>
            from the configuration file.
            <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>
            must be
            known by named with the same algorithm and secret string
            in order for control message validation to succeed.
            If no <replaceable class="parameter">key_id</replaceable>
            is specified, <command>rndc</command> will first look
            for a key clause in the server statement of the server
            being used, or if no server statement is present for that
            host, then the default-key clause of the options statement.
            Note that the configuration file contains shared secrets
            which are used to send authenticated control commands
            to name servers.  It should therefore not have general read
            or write access.
          </para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>
      For the complete set of commands supported by <command>rndc</command>,
      see the BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual or run
      <command>rndc</command> without arguments to see its help
      message.
    </para>

  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>LIMITATIONS</title>
    <para><command>rndc</command>
      does not yet support all the commands of
      the BIND 8 <command>ndc</command> utility.
    </para>
    <para>
      There is currently no way to provide the shared secret for a
      <option>key_id</option> without using the configuration file.
    </para>
    <para>
      Several error messages could be clearer.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>SEE ALSO</title>
    <para><citerefentry>
        <refentrytitle>rndc.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
      </citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry>
        <refentrytitle>rndc-confgen</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
      </citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry>
        <refentrytitle>named</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
      </citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry>
        <refentrytitle>named.conf</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
      </citerefentry>,
      <citerefentry>
        <refentrytitle>ndc</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
      </citerefentry>,
      <citetitle>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</citetitle>.
    </para>
  </refsect1>

  <refsect1>
    <title>AUTHOR</title>
    <para><corpauthor>Internet Systems Consortium</corpauthor>
    </para>
  </refsect1>

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