.. Copyright (C) Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")
..
.. SPDX-License-Identifier: MPL-2.0
..
.. This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
.. License, v. 2.0.  If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
.. file, you can obtain one at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/.
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.. See the COPYRIGHT file distributed with this work for additional
.. information regarding copyright ownership.

.. highlight: console

.. iscman:: dnssec-settime
.. program:: dnssec-settime
.. _man_dnssec-settime:

dnssec-settime: set the key timing metadata for a DNSSEC key
------------------------------------------------------------

Synopsis
~~~~~~~~

:program:`dnssec-settime` [**-f**] [**-K** directory] [**-L** ttl] [**-P** date/offset] [**-P** ds date/offset] [**-P** sync date/offset] [**-A** date/offset] [**-R** date/offset] [**-I** date/offset] [**-D** date/offset] [**-D** ds date/offset] [**-D** sync date/offset] [**-S** key] [**-i** interval] [**-h**] [**-V**] [**-v** level] [**-E** engine] {keyfile} [**-s**] [**-g** state] [**-d** state date/offset] [**-k** state date/offset] [**-r** state date/offset] [**-z** state date/offset]

Description
~~~~~~~~~~~

:program:`dnssec-settime` reads a DNSSEC private key file and sets the key
timing metadata as specified by the :option:`-P`, :option:`-A`, :option:`-R`,
:option:`-I`, and :option:`-D` options. The metadata can then be used by
:iscman:`dnssec-signzone` or other signing software to determine when a key is
to be published, whether it should be used for signing a zone, etc.

If none of these options is set on the command line,
:program:`dnssec-settime` simply prints the key timing metadata already stored
in the key.

When key metadata fields are changed, both files of a key pair
(``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.key`` and ``Knnnn.+aaa+iiiii.private``) are
regenerated.

Metadata fields are stored in the private file. A
human-readable description of the metadata is also placed in comments in
the key file. The private file's permissions are always set to be
inaccessible to anyone other than the owner (mode 0600).

When working with state files, it is possible to update the timing metadata in
those files as well with :option:`-s`.  With this option, it is also possible
to update key states with :option:`-d` (DS), :option:`-k` (DNSKEY), :option:`-r`
(RRSIG of KSK), or :option:`-z` (RRSIG of ZSK). Allowed states are HIDDEN,
RUMOURED, OMNIPRESENT, and UNRETENTIVE.

The goal state of the key can also be set with :option:`-g`. This should be either
HIDDEN or OMNIPRESENT, representing whether the key should be removed from the
zone or published.

It is NOT RECOMMENDED to manipulate state files manually, except for testing
purposes.

Options
~~~~~~~

.. option:: -f

   This option forces an update of an old-format key with no metadata fields. Without
   this option, :program:`dnssec-settime` fails when attempting to update a
   legacy key. With this option, the key is recreated in the new
   format, but with the original key data retained. The key's creation
   date is set to the present time. If no other values are
   specified, then the key's publication and activation dates are also
   set to the present time.

.. option:: -K directory

   This option sets the directory in which the key files are to reside.

.. option:: -L ttl

   This option sets the default TTL to use for this key when it is converted into a
   DNSKEY RR. This is the TTL used when the key is imported into a zone,
   unless there was already a DNSKEY RRset in
   place, in which case the existing TTL takes precedence. If this
   value is not set and there is no existing DNSKEY RRset, the TTL
   defaults to the SOA TTL. Setting the default TTL to ``0`` or ``none``
   removes it from the key.

.. option:: -h

   This option emits a usage message and exits.

.. option:: -V

   This option prints version information.

.. option:: -v level

   This option sets the debugging level.

.. option:: -E engine

   This option specifies the cryptographic hardware to use, when applicable.

   When BIND 9 is built with OpenSSL, this needs to be set to the OpenSSL
   engine identifier that drives the cryptographic accelerator or
   hardware service module (usually ``pkcs11``).

Timing Options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Dates can be expressed in the format YYYYMMDD or YYYYMMDDHHMMSS
(which is the format used inside key files),
or 'Day Mon DD HH:MM:SS YYYY' (as printed by ``dnssec-settime -p``),
or UNIX epoch time (as printed by ``dnssec-settime -up``),
or the literal ``now``.

The argument can be followed by '+' or '-' and an offset from the
given time. The literal ``now`` can be omitted before an offset. The
offset can be followed by one of the suffixes 'y', 'mo', 'w', 'd',
'h', or 'mi', so that it is computed in years (defined as 365 24-hour
days, ignoring leap years), months (defined as 30 24-hour days),
weeks, days, hours, or minutes, respectively. Without a suffix, the
offset is computed in seconds.

To unset a date, use ``none`` or ``never``.

.. option:: -P date/offset

   This option sets the date on which a key is to be published to the zone. After
   that date, the key is included in the zone but is not used
   to sign it.

.. option:: -P ds date/offset

   This option sets the date on which DS records that match this key have been
   seen in the parent zone.

.. option:: -P sync date/offset

   This option sets the date on which CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this key
   are to be published to the zone.

.. option:: -A date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the key is to be activated. After that date,
   the key is included in the zone and used to sign it. 

.. option:: -R date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the key is to be revoked. After that date, the
   key is flagged as revoked. It is included in the zone and
   is used to sign it.

.. option:: -I date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the key is to be retired. After that date, the
   key is still included in the zone, but it is not used to
   sign it.

.. option:: -D date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the key is to be deleted. After that date, the
   key is no longer included in the zone. (However, it may remain in the key
   repository.)

.. option:: -D ds date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the DS records that match this key have
   been seen removed from the parent zone.

.. option:: -D sync date/offset

   This option sets the date on which the CDS and CDNSKEY records that match this
   key are to be deleted.

.. option:: -S predecessor key

   This option selects a key for which the key being modified is an explicit
   successor. The name, algorithm, size, and type of the predecessor key
   must exactly match those of the key being modified. The activation
   date of the successor key is set to the inactivation date of the
   predecessor. The publication date is set to the activation date
   minus the prepublication interval, which defaults to 30 days.

.. option:: -i interval

   This option sets the prepublication interval for a key. If set, then the
   publication and activation dates must be separated by at least this
   much time. If the activation date is specified but the publication
   date is not, the publication date defaults to this much time
   before the activation date; conversely, if the publication date is
   specified but not the activation date, activation is set to
   this much time after publication.

   If the key is being created as an explicit successor to another key,
   then the default prepublication interval is 30 days; otherwise it is
   zero.

   As with date offsets, if the argument is followed by one of the
   suffixes ``y``, ``mo``, ``w``, ``d``, ``h``, or ``mi``, the interval is
   measured in years, months, weeks, days, hours, or minutes,
   respectively. Without a suffix, the interval is measured in seconds.

Key State Options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

To test dnssec-policy it may be necessary to construct keys with artificial
state information; these options are used by the testing framework for that
purpose, but should never be used in production.

Known key states are HIDDEN, RUMOURED, OMNIPRESENT, and UNRETENTIVE.

.. option:: -s

   This option indicates that when setting key timing data, the state file should also be updated.

.. option:: -g state

   This option sets the goal state for this key. Must be HIDDEN or OMNIPRESENT.

.. option:: -d state date/offset

   This option sets the DS state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current date.

.. option:: -k state date/offset

   This option sets the DNSKEY state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current date.

.. option:: -r state date/offset

   This option sets the RRSIG (KSK) state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current date.

.. option:: -z state date/offset

   This option sets the RRSIG (ZSK) state for this key as of the specified date, offset from the current date.

Printing Options
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

:program:`dnssec-settime` can also be used to print the timing metadata
associated with a key.

.. option:: -u

   This option indicates that times should be printed in Unix epoch format.

.. option:: -p C/P/Pds/Psync/A/R/I/D/Dds/Dsync/all

   This option prints a specific metadata value or set of metadata values.
   The :option:`-p` option may be followed by one or more of the following letters or
   strings to indicate which value or values to print: ``C`` for the
   creation date, ``P`` for the publication date, ``Pds` for the DS publication
   date, ``Psync`` for the CDS and CDNSKEY publication date, ``A`` for the
   activation date, ``R`` for the revocation date, ``I`` for the inactivation
   date, ``D`` for the deletion date, ``Dds`` for the DS deletion date,
   and ``Dsync`` for the CDS and CDNSKEY deletion date. To print all of the
   metadata, use ``all``.

See Also
~~~~~~~~

:iscman:`dnssec-keygen(8) <dnssec-keygen>`, :iscman:`dnssec-signzone(8) <dnssec-signzone>`, BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual,
:rfc:`5011`.
